quiero que de las siguientes instrucciones lo plasmes en un protoboard: Transformador: Convierte la tensión de CA de la red eléctrica (120 V) en una tensión de CA de menor voltaje (por ejemplo, 12 V). Puente rectificador: Convierte la tensión de CA de bajo voltaje en una tensión de CC pulsante. Filtro: Compuesto por condensadores y resistencias, elimina la ondulación de la tensión de CC pulsante y produce una tensión de CC más estable. Circuito regulador: Mantiene la tensión de CC a un nivel constante, incluso si la tensión de entrada o la carga varían. Este circuito puede ser un circuito integrado (CI) regulador de voltaje o un circuito discreto con transistores. Carga: Dispositivo que consume la energía eléctrica proporcionada por la fuente de alimentación, como una bombilla, un motor o un circuito electrónico. Conexiones: La entrada de CA se conecta al transformador. La salida de CA del transformador se conecta al puente rectificador. La salida de CC del puente rectificador se conecta al filtro. La salida de CC del filtro se conecta al circuito regulador. La salida de CC del circuito regulador se conecta a la carga.

Kitchen LED Strip Motion & Ambient-Light Controller with 12 V PWM Dimming, PIR Sensor, Ambient Light Sensor, MCU Control, Buck Regulator, and Protection Circuits (TVS, PTC Fuse, Reverse-Polarity Diode) #KitchenLEDController #MotionDetection #AmbientLightSensor

Un proyecto en donde un arduino es alimetado por un panel solar que carga 3 pilas que suman 9 v. Del arduino está conectado una tira de luces rgb que se prenden segun el nivelde CO que es medido por un sensor de Co

Integrated 4-layer ROV main control board for 48 V tether-powered underwater vehicle, with onboard 48 V to 12 V/5 V/3.3 V electronics power conversion, STM32F407 control, Jetson Nano interface, sensors, ESC PWM signal outputs, RS485/Ethernet tether interfaces, and conformal-coated underwater-enclosure constraints.

A compact battery-powered door/window sensor built around the ESP32-C3-MINI-1-N4 module. The design uses a single non-rechargeable AA cell with a TPS613221A 3.3 V boost regulator, reed switch magnetic contact sensing, low-power wake/report/sleep firmware strategy, RGB status LED for setup feedback, BOOT/EN controls, programming header, and input polarity protection. It is intended for smart-home security and automation applications, supporting WiFi or Bluetooth LE hub reporting with emphasis on low idle current, reliable RF burst power delivery, and field-replaceable battery operation. #ESP32-C3 #BLE #WiFi #DoorSensor #WindowSensor #ReedSwitch #LowPower #BatteryPowered #SmartHome #IoT

The AD8495 K-type thermocouple amplifier from Analog Devices is so easy to use, we documented the whole thing on the back of the tiny PCB. Power the board with 3-18VDC and measure the output voltage on the OUT pin. You can easily convert the voltage to temperature with the following equation: Temperature = (Vout - 1.25) / 0.005 V. So for example, if the voltage is 1.5VDC, the temperature is (1.5 - 1.25) / 0.005 = 50°C with terminal block connections

Adjustable ±0–24 V Dual-Rail Linear Power Supply Module with LM317/LM337 Regulators and Integrated 36 VAC Center-Tapped Transformer Interface

PWM-capable low-side MOSFET driver for controlling a 9 V LEGO motor from a Raspberry Pi 3.3 V GPIO signal, sized for up to 1.4 A stall/current peaks.

Low-power USB-C powered environmental sensor node with a protected 5 V USB-C sink input, TPS26630 front-end protection for reverse/OVP/UVLO/OCP, efficient 3.3 V buck regulation, ESP32-C3 Wi-Fi plus BLE connectivity, and an I2C SHT41 temperature/relative-humidity sensor. The design targets robust operation from USB-C sources advertising 0.5 A to 3 A and is being completed as a schematic ready for PCB layout.

3.7 V Lithium-Ion Polymer Battery Rechargeable (Secondary) 5500mAh

quiero que de las siguientes instrucciones lo plasmes en un protoboard: Transformador: Convierte la tensión de CA de la red eléctrica (120 V) en una tensión de CA de menor voltaje (por ejemplo, 12 V). Puente rectificador: Convierte la tensión de CA de bajo voltaje en una tensión de CC pulsante. Filtro: Compuesto por condensadores y resistencias, elimina la ondulación de la tensión de CC pulsante y produce una tensión de CC más estable. Circuito regulador: Mantiene la tensión de CC a un nivel constante, incluso si la tensión de entrada o la carga varían. Este circuito puede ser un circuito integrado (CI) regulador de voltaje o un circuito discreto con transistores. Carga: Dispositivo que consume la energía eléctrica proporcionada por la fuente de alimentación, como una bombilla, un motor o un circuito electrónico. Conexiones: La entrada de CA se conecta al transformador. La salida de CA del transformador se conecta al puente rectificador. La salida de CC del puente rectificador se conecta al filtro. La salida de CC del filtro se conecta al circuito regulador. La salida de CC del circuito regulador se conecta a la carga.

8-channel 16-bit simultaneous-sampling USB-C data acquisition board using ESP32-S3-WROOM-1U-N8 and ADS8588S, with ±10 V single-ended analog inputs and separate filtered analog 5 V supply.

Arduino-compatible SMC3/SimTools 3-DOF motion controller for three 12 V worm-drive motors, Hall feedback sensors, dual USB-C interfaces, and E-stop safety input.

Ziplink Edge Controller: 12-24 V input controller with PIC32MZ MCU, USB-C service port, WiFi/BLE UART module, QR/NFC UART interfaces, RS-232/RS-485 ports, and three protected low-side load outputs. Imported KiCad source is being evaluated for schematic reconstruction and exact part selection.

Prototipo universitario de monitor de presión arterial NIBP oscilométrico con ESP32, sensor MPX2050GP, acondicionamiento analógico INA333/MCP602 y control de bomba/válvulas de 5 V.

Sentinels Hub Air Hex Rev B: matte-black point-top hex 3.3 V I2C environmental sensor breakout with BME690/BME688-compatible footprint, dual Qwiic connectors, protected I2C bus, selectable address, PU_EN pullups, optional DNI SHT45 Pro area, IPC Class 3 manufacturing intent.

Mini UPS PCB for a 42 V external adapter and external 10S lithium battery pack. Includes adapter-priority source selection with automatic switchover, input protection, ideal-diode OR-ing, a 30 V to 42 V HV bus, and a regulated 12 V output stage. Includes status LEDs and battery monitor pads. Excludes onboard charger circuitry and excludes adapter or battery source design.

Ruggedized battery-powered PeakNode 1 LoRa PWAN node with SX1262 LoRa mesh over SPI, LTE Cat-M1/NB-IoT modem, GNSS, LPCNet-capable audio path, USB-C charging and LiFePO4 power management. Targets a 4-layer 90 mm x 60 mm IPC Class 2 layout with 3.3 V main and 1.8 V I/O rails, dual SMA antennas, two RGB status LEDs, three tactile buttons, low-leakage power architecture for sub-10 uA sleep, and defined RF keep-out zones under the LoRa and LTE antenna regions.

High-level recreation of the ThirstIQ Cap wiring diagram using an ESP32-WROOM-32 with AMS1117-3.3 regulated battery input, inline ON/OFF switch, four touch input headers on IO32/IO33/IO25/IO26, shared I2C OLED and RTC on IO21/IO22, UART debug/programming header on TXD0/RXD0, BOOT and RESET pushbuttons on IO0 and EN, buzzer on IO4, common 3V3/GND distribution, and PCB preparation for a 160 mm x 100 mm 4-layer layout. Layout intent includes clean 3.3 V power distribution, local decoupling for regulator and ESP32, accessible external headers/buttons, short clean BOOT/EN traces, shared I2C routing, touch-signal separation from noisy power and buzzer traces, and ESP32 antenna keepout.

24–30 V to 12 V / 100 W Single-Layer Synchronous Buck Converter with Robust Protection

Nice — you can do a clean pulse + latch using a single quad Schmitt-NAND chip: 74HC132 (or 74LVC132 for 3.3 V systems). The HC132 contains four 2-input NAND gates with Schmitt inputs so you can both clean a noisy SYN480R DATA line and build an SR latch (NAND SR is active-LOW) inside one package. Only a few passives and a driver transistor are needed. Below is a ready-to-build recipe (parts, wiring, explanation, tuning tips, and an ASCII schematic) — no extra logic ICs required. Parts (per latch) 1 × 74HC132 (quad 2-input NAND with Schmitt inputs). If your system is 3.3 V use 74LVC132 / 74HC132 rated for 3.3 V. Rin = 47 kΩ (input series) Cfilter = 10 nF (input RC to ground) — tweak for debounce/clean time Rpulldown = 100 kΩ (pull-down at input node, optional) Rpullup = 100 kΩ (pull-up for active-LOW R input so reset is idle HIGH) Rbase = 10 kΩ, Q = 2N2222 (NPN) or small N-MOSFET (2N7002) to drive your load Diode for relay flyback (1N4001) if you drive a coil Optional small cap 0.1 µF decoupling at VCC of IC Concept / how it works (short) Use Gate1 (G1) of 74HC132 as a Schmitt inverter by tying its two inputs together and feeding a small RC filter from SYN480R.DATA. This removes HF noise and provides a clean logic transition. Because it's a NAND with tied inputs its function becomes an inverter with Schmitt behavior. Use G2 & G3 as the cross-coupled NAND pair forming an SR latch (active-LOW inputs S̄ and R̄). A low on S̄ sets Q = HIGH. A low on R̄ resets Q = LOW. Wire the cleaned/inverted output of G1 to S̄. A valid received pulse (DATA high) produces a clean LOW on S̄ (because G1 inverts), setting the latch reliably even if the pulse is brief. R̄ is your reset input (pushbutton, HT12D VT, MCU line, etc.) — idle pulled HIGH. Q drives an NPN/MOSFET to switch your load (relay, LED, etc.). Recommended wiring (pin mapping, assume one chip; use datasheet pin numbers) I’ll refer to the 4 gates as G1, G2, G3, G4. Use G4 optionally for additional conditioning or to build a toggler later. SYN480R.DATA --- Rin (47k) ---+--- Node A ---||--- Cfilter (10nF) --- GND | Rpulldown (100k) --- GND (optional, keeps node low) Node A -> both inputs of G1 (tie inputs A and B of Gate1 together) G1 output -> S̄ (S_bar) (input1 of Gate2) Gate2 (G2): inputs = S̄ and Q̄ -> output = Q Gate3 (G3): inputs = R̄ and Q -> output = Q̄ R̄ --- Rpullup (100k) --- VCC (reset is idle HIGH; pull low to reset) (optional) R̄ can be wired to a reset pushbutton to GND or to an MCU pin Q -> Rbase (10k) -> base of 2N2222 (emitter GND; collector to one side of relay coil) Other side of relay coil -> +V (appropriate coil voltage) Diode across coil If you prefer MOSFET low side switching: Q -> gate resistor 100Ω -> gate of 2N7002 2N7002 source -> GND ; drain -> relay coil low side

1. Empieza con el objetivo Ejemplo: “Estoy creando un módulo de control para una bomba de aire de 24 V en una máquina CNC láser. El circuito debe encender y apagar la bomba según la señal FAN que viene de la tarjeta de control (3.3 V o 5 V).” 2. Explica los requerimientos La bomba trabaja a 24 V y hasta 2 A. El control debe ser con un MOSFET N–channel en conmutación. Debe incluir protección contra picos y ruidos eléctricos. Se deben mostrar indicadores LED (encendido, funcionamiento, error). 3. Lista de funciones que quieres en el diseño Protección: fusible, diodo flyback, TVS, snubber RC. Control: MOSFET con resistencia de gate y pull-down. Filtrado: capacitores cerca de la bomba. Indicadores LED: Azul: energía 24 V presente. Verde: bomba activa. Rojo: error o apagado. 4. Explica la lógica de funcionamiento (qué debe pasar) Cuando la fuente 24 V se conecta → LED azul enciende. Cuando la señal FAN activa el MOSFET → bomba enciende + LED verde enciende. Cuando la bomba está apagada → LED rojo puede encender (opcional). Si ocurre sobrecorriente → el fusible abre el circuito. 5. Diagrama de bloques sencillo (texto) [FUENTE 24V] -- [FUSIBLE] --+--> [BOMBA] --> [MOSFET] --> GND | +--> [LED Azul] --> GND [SALIDA FAN] --> [Res 100Ω] --> [Gate MOSFET] [Gate MOSFET] --> [Pull-down 100kΩ a GND] [Protecciones: Diodo, TVS, RC, Capacitores en paralelo con la bomba]

Objetivo: leer coordenadas X/Y en un panel resistivo casero con Arduino Nano. Componentes: Arduino Nano, 16 MHz, 5 V (1x) MCP23017, expansor I/O I²C de 16 pines (1x) ADS1115, ADC I²C 16 bits (1x) Panel táctil casero, 2 láminas aluminio (1x) Resistencias serie 4.7 kΩ – 10 kΩ (4x) Fuente 5 V (USB/external) Funcionamiento: MCP23017 controla X+/X-/Y+/Y- → aplica 5 V y GND al eje activo. Ejemplo: para leer X → MCP energiza X+/X-, deja Y flotante. ADS1115 mide voltaje en el eje sin energía (ej: Y+/Y-) en modo diferencial. Arduino Nano recibe lecturas por I²C, procesa coordenadas X/Y. Coordenadas enviadas por USB serial al PC. Conexiones: Arduino Nano ↔ I²C bus ↔ MCP23017 y ADS1115 (SDA, SCL en común). MCP23017 pines → X+/X-/Y+/Y- (con resistencias serie). ADS1115 entradas analógicas → eje libre (Y+/Y- o X+/X- según ciclo). Alimentación común: 5 V + GND.

A Buck converter that can be power by Li-ion Battery and output 3.3 volt and 500mA Power by the TPS63051YFFR and the same package as a In the same as a Package as a standard dafruit buck converter. input Voltage Range : 3.3 v to 5.5 v

Here's your template for the famous Raspberry Pi Pico Powerful, flexible microcontroller boards, available from $4 The Raspberry Pi Pico series is a range of tiny, fast, and versatile boards built using RP2040 #project-template #template #raspberry #pi #pico

Circuito V

GL5528 Light Sensor Grove Platform Evaluation Expansion Board

Welcome to your new project. Imagine what you can build here.

Welcome to your new project. Imagine what you can build here.

Welcome to your new project. Imagine what you can build here.

Welcome to your new project. Imagine what you can build here.

Simulator template for an LED part. Check out the Code editor for instructions!

@copilot help I am building a 42 v bus satellite eps system

Here is a simple USB powered lamp that can be used to light your desktop during power failures. The circuit operates from the 5 Volt available from the USB port. The 5V from the USB port is passed through current limiting resistor R2 and transistor Q1. The base of transistor Q1 is grounded via R1 which provides a constant bias voltage for Q1 together with D2. The diode D1 prevents the reverse flow of current from battery. C1 is used as a noise filter. Two white LED’s are used here for the lamp, you can also use a 2 V torch bulb instead of LED’s. LED D3 indicates connection with USB port.

The Texas Instruments TPA3140D2 is a high-efficiency, Class-D audio power amplifier designed for driving bridged-tied stereo speakers with outputs up to 10 W per channel into 6 Ω or 8 Ω loads. With advanced EMI suppression technology, including spread spectrum control and a 1SPW modulation scheme, the TPA3140D2 ensures robust performance while minimizing electromagnetic interference. Operating within a wide supply voltage range from 4.5 V to 14.4 V, this amplifier eliminates the need for heat sinks due to its up to 90% efficient Class-D operation. Integrated SpeakerGuard™ protection features such as automatic gain limit (AGL), adjustable power limiter, and DC protection enhance speaker safety and audio quality. Additionally, the TPA3140D2 includes comprehensive protection against pin-to-pin, pin-to-ground, and pin-to-power short circuits, as well as thermal protection with auto recovery. The device offers four selectable fixed gain settings and supports both single-ended and differential analog inputs, making it suitable for a variety of consumer audio applications including televisions, wireless speakers, mini speakers, and USB speakers. The TPA3140D2 is available in a 28-pin HTSSOP package, ensuring ease of integration into compact designs.

The NTZD3154N, manufactured by ON Semiconductor, is a dual N-channel MOSFET designed for small signal applications. This component boasts a low RDS(on) for improved system efficiency and a low threshold voltage, making it highly suitable for applications such as load/power switches, power supply converter circuits, and battery management in devices like cell phones, digital cameras, and PDAs. The NTZD3154N features a compact 1.6 x 1.6 mm footprint and an ESD-protected gate, ensuring robust performance in constrained spaces. With a maximum drain-to-source voltage (VDSS) of 20 V and a continuous drain current of up to 540 mA (at 25°C), the NTZD3154N is optimized for efficient power management. The device is also compliant with RoHS standards, being Pb-Free and Halogen Free/BFR Free, ensuring environmentally friendly usage. The component is available in the SOT-563-6 package, identified by the specific device code "TV" and a date code marking.

Diode Standard 1000 V 1A Through Hole DO-41 #commonpartslibrary #diode

This tiny board is an easy way to use Toshiba’s TB6612FNG dual motor driver, which can independently control two bidirectional DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor. A recommended motor voltage of 4.5 V to 13.5 V and peak current output of 3 A per channel (1 A continuous) make this a great motor driver for low-power motors. #Module #Motor-Driver #TB6612FNG

A buck boost converter that can be powered from a li-ion battery and output 3.3V @ 500 mA. powered by the TPS63051YFFR and the same package as a standard adafruit buck converter. Input voltage range : 2.5 V to 5.5 V

Compact RP2040 Zero motor controller with protected 28 V input, 3.3 V reversible motor H-bridge output, USB programming, active-high trigger input, and 3.5 mm screw terminals.

N-Channel 100 V 700mA (Ta) 400mW (Ta) Surface Mount SOT-23-3

The analog car design is a self-running electric car that avoids obstacle in the left-right region. The design is mainly supported with 5 circuit components. The 9 V to 5 V converted for voltage-current manipulations. The push-button delay circuit (kill switch) for users to temporarily be able to stop the car motors benefiting from RC circuit, MOSFET transistors, and 74HC14 Hex Schmitt Trigger Inverters. The motor speed controller using potentiometers, inverters, and generic diodes. As well as the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor circuit to sense the proximity of objects in a field of view.

The AD8495 K-type thermocouple amplifier from Analog Devices is so easy to use, we documented the whole thing on the back of the tiny PCB. Power the board with 3-18VDC and measure the output voltage on the OUT pin. You can easily convert the voltage to temperature with the following equation: Temperature = (Vout - 1.25) / 0.005 V. So for example, if the voltage is 1.5VDC, the temperature is (1.5 - 1.25) / 0.005 = 50°C with terminal block connections

Here is a simple USB powered lamp that can be used to light your desktop during power failures. The circuit operates from the 5 Volt available from the USB port. The 5V from the USB port is passed through current limiting resistor R2 and transistor Q1. The base of transistor Q1 is grounded via R1 which provides a constant bias voltage for Q1 together with D2. The diode D1 prevents the reverse flow of current from battery. C1 is used as a noise filter. Two white LED’s are used here for the lamp, you can also use a 2 V torch bulb instead of LED’s. LED D3 indicates connection with USB port.

Texas Instruments presents the CD4051B, CD4052B, and CD4053B series, a family of CMOS single 8-Channel, differential 4-Channel, and triple 2-Channel analog multiplexers or demultiplexers with logic-level conversion. Engineered for precise, reliable control of analog and digital signals, these components are characterized by their wide range of signal handling (3 V to 20 V for digital and up to 20 VP-P for analog signals), low ON resistance (125 Ω typical over 15 VP-P signal input range for VDD - VEE = 18 V), high OFF resistance (+100 pA typical channel leakage at VDD - VEE = 18 V), and minimal quiescent power dissipation (0.2 μW typical at VDD - Vss = VDD - VEE = 10 V). They come equipped with on-chip binary address decoding for easy integration and minimized system logic complexity. Available in a variety of package types, including CDIP, PDIP, SOIC, SOP, and TSSOP, these multiplexers/demultiplexers support a broad spectrum of analog to digital and digital to analog conversion applications, signal gating, factory automation, and other uses where reliable signal handling is crucial. With parametric ratings at 5 V, 10 V, and 15 V, and an operational temperature range of -55°C to 125°C, these components are also 100% tested for quiescent current at 20 V, assuring dependable performance across diverse environmental conditions.

Säker 12 V till fast 5,1 V USB-C-strömbrytare för Raspberry Pi 5 med ESP32-C3-styrd start, normal nedstängning och hård avstängning utan USB-C PD.

Microcontroller-based ozone generator control board for 12 V or 24 V DC input, drawing roughly 3.5 A at 12 V or 1.8 A at 24 V, with matched VIN-powered field devices, protected input, regulation, ATMEGA328PB control, pressure/flow sensing, MOSFET-switched load outputs, programming/debug headers, and status indicators.

Consumer USB-C powered temperature/humidity sensor node using a low-power Wi‑Fi + BLE MCU, protected 5 V input, and 3.3 V sensing/control rail.

Production-ready industrial 6 V battery-powered LoRaWAN DC motor controller using ESP32-S3FN8, SX1262 AU915, CP2102N USB-C programming, DRV8833 motor drive, TLV62568 buck regulation, protected battery input, and Heltec LoRa V3-compatible development workflow.

Motherboard for a sixteen-channel 807 nm laser system with Teensy 4.1 audio/PWM control, NUCLEO-G474RE safety/temperature supervision, Raspberry Pi 5 interfaces, protected 5 V input, and 16 DMN2056U low-side laser switches.