IPM güç katını ekledim: DC bus, U/V/W fazları, bootstrap kapasitörleri, VCC decoupling, SD/OD fault ve CIN donanımsal aşırı akım yolu bağlandı. Şimdi bilgisayar tarafını ayrı izole domain olarak SWD/UART arayüzüyle ekliyorum.
220 VAC / 50 Hz şebekeden beslenen, doğrultulmuş yaklaşık 310–325 VDC bus ile çalışan, kurutma makinesi BLDC/PMSM motoru için sensörsüz zıt-EMK algılamalı 6-adım sürücü kartı.
Intended Use
Kurutma makinesi içinde R&D/prototip amaçlı motor sürücü kartı. Bu tasarım ölümcül şebeke/HV seviyeleri içerir; açıkta çalıştırma ve debug yalnızca izole/diferansiyel ölçüm ekipmanlarıyla yapılmalıdır.
What the Device Should Do
220 VAC girişten HV DC bus üretmek.
3 faz BLDC/PMSM motoru 6-adım komütasyonla sürmek.
Boşta kalan fazdan zıt-EMK sıfır geçişini algılamak.
Aşırı akım, aşırı gerilim, düşük gerilim, aşırı sıcaklık ve stall durumlarında güvenli kapanmak.
Main Features
Şebeke giriş sigortası, NTC inrush sınırlama ve MOV surge koruması.
Köprü doğrultucu + 450 V HV bus kapasitörü + bleeder.
İzole 12 V yardımcı besleme.
STM32G491 motor kontrol MCU.
U/V/W motor çıkış konnektörü.
TBD: 650 V üç faz inverter/IPM veya ayrık MOSFET + HV gate driver.
System Architecture
Diagram
Hardware Subsystems
Mains input/protection: J1, F1, RT1, RV1.
HV DC bus: BR1, C1, R1/R2.
Auxiliary supply: PS1 gives isolated 12 V; 3.3 V regulator still required.
Control: U1 STM32G491 with basic decoupling/reset/BOOT0 support.
Power stage: not yet implemented; library lacks suitable 600/650 V gate driver and 650 V MOSFET/IPM.
Sensing: BEMF_U/V/W, DCBUS_VSENSE and DCBUS_ISENSE nets reserved.
Interfaces and Connections
Table
Interface
Nets
Notes
Mains input
AC_L_IN, AC_N
220 VAC hazardous live
HV bus
BUS_P_310V, BUS_N
~310–325 VDC hazardous live
Motor output
MOTOR_U/V/W
Hazardous live phase outputs
Control rail
12V_AUX, 3V3_CTRL, CTRL_GND
Must remain isolated from primary unless final architecture says otherwise
MCU PWM
PWM_UH/UL, PWM_VH/VL, PWM_WH/WL
Routed to final gate driver/IPM later
Power Tree and Power Budget
Table
Rail
Source
Preliminary Load
Notes
AC mains
J1
<=2 A design limit
User specified max 2 A; fuse initially 2 A slow-blow
HV bus
BR1/C1
150 W motor nominal
Rectified mains; capacitor energy is hazardous
12V_AUX
PS1
250 mA max module rating
Gate driver load may exceed this depending final driver
3V3_CTRL
TBD regulator
~100 mA preliminary
STM32 + sensing; regulator not yet added
Manufacturing and Assembly Expectations
Prototype first. Final layout must use mains/HV creepage/clearance rules, primary/secondary isolation zones, slots where needed, and HV test procedure. Not ready for manufacturing.
Firmware-Relevant Hardware Requirements
Open-loop alignment and ramp start before BEMF closed-loop operation.
30 electrical degree delay after BEMF zero crossing for 6-step commutation.
Hardware fault input from final gate driver/IPM is mandatory.
Watchdog and default gate-disable behavior required.
Physical Design Expectations
Board must separate hazardous primary/HV from isolated SELV/control. Motor phase routing, DC-link capacitor, gate loops, snubbers, and thermal paths are layout-critical.
Important Design Decisions
Use rectified mains DC bus, not low-voltage BLDC driver topology.
Use STM32G491 for motor-control PWM/ADC/comparator resources.
Prefer 650 V IPM for first safe prototype if suitable part is available.
Assumptions
Motor is BLDC/PMSM, not universal/asynchronous.
Rated motor power is about 150 W and design limit is 2 A input/motor-side envelope.
Control domain should remain isolated from user/debug interfaces.
Change Notes
Initial schematic skeleton created with mains protection, rectifier, HV bus, isolated auxiliary supply, MCU support, and reserved motor/control nets.