In Flux, once a project is packaged as a module, higher level users can only connect to terminals. Net portals are local and will be connected to the project's interfaces here.

Here you will find decoupling/bypass capacitors. Place 5V capacitors near MCU and place AREF capcaitor near AREF pin on MCU

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Decoupling capacitors provide a low impedance path to ground for higher frequency. EEVBlog makes a good YouTube video about this concept

A quick explainer for the reset circuitry

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State 1: (SW Open) = 1MOhm impedance | Lower impedance path is R2 @ 10kOhm so the voltage on MCU_RESET net is 5V (not reset)

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State 2: (SW Closed) = 0Ohm impedance | Lower impedance path is SW1 @ 0 Ohm so the voltage on MCU_RESET net is 0V (reset)

This is the UART programming header

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The recommended programmer can be found here (unhide line 4 in this note)

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If you're using another programmer, feel free to use 2.54mm dupont wires to match the pinout of the design. Only Tx, Rx, and GND need to be connected for programming

You will find MOSI and MISO renamed to COPI and PICO respectively here. COPI stands for Controller Out Peripheral In and CIPO stands for Controller In Peripheral Out

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Don't forget to connect this to a physical ICSP breakout to flash the Arduino!

This is the 16MHz Crystal Oscillator with internal 15pF capacitors

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You can choose to not populate this if you want to use the internal 8MHz clock

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Lern more about it here! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierce_oscillator

100nF

100nF