Schematic for [2-layer] JLCPCB Constraints: Use this template if...

Terminal
An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.
natarius
Ground
A common return path for electric current. Commonly known as ground.
jharwinbarrozo
20.5M
Net Portal
A net identifier used to create connectivity to other Net Portal with the same designator. #portal
jharwinbarrozo
43.0M
Power Net Portal
Power net portal is a special schematic object used to define a power or ground net. Power ports allow you to conveniently indicate a power net at any location in the design. Power nets of the same designator automatically connect throughout your design #portal #power
jharwinbarrozo
11.4M
Generic Resistor
A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
jharwinbarrozo
1.5M
Generic Capacitor
A generic fixed capacitor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
jharwinbarrozo
1.5M
Generic Inductor
A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
jharwinbarrozo
14.0k
875105359001
10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcan
jharwinbarrozo
1.2M
CTL1206FYW1T
Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlink
jharwinbarrozo
1.1M
1070TR
Battery Holder (Open) Coin, 20.0mm 1 Cell SMD (SMT) Tab bate or batt #forLedBlink
jharwinbarrozo
700.5k

generate a pcb layout that uses a barometric pressure sensor, and if it detects ...

@copilot generate a pcb layout that uses a barometric pressure sensor, and if it detects a drop in barometric pressure to 30 inHg, it sends voltage through a fuse causing it to break. include the components that would be used and the amount and the unit that would be used when using active and/or passive components. do not use components that need to be coded such as the atmega328p.

7mo

copilot

Designing a PCB layout that uses a barometric pressure sensor to detect a drop in barometric pressure to 30 inHg and then sends voltage through a fuse to cause it to break requires careful consideration of the components and their interactions without employing programmable components like the Atmega328P. Let's detail the components and their connections.

Components Required

Barometric Pressure Sensor: Since we are avoiding components that need to be coded, an analog barometric pressure sensor like the MPX4115A can be used. This sensor outputs an analog voltage corresponding to the atmospheric pressure.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Sensor

Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp): To compare the sensor's output with a reference voltage that corresponds to 30 inHg, an op-amp configured as a comparator is required. LM358 is a suitable choice due to its wide supply voltage range and dual op-amps for future expansion if needed.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: IC

Reference Voltage Source: For the comparator's reference voltage that represents 30 inHg, a Zener diode can be used in conjunction with a resistor to provide a stable reference voltage. Assuming the pressure sensor provides a proportional voltage, a precision reference like the TL431 (adjustable Zener) could be finely tuned to match the desired trigger voltage.
- Quantity: 1 TL431
- Quantity: 1 Resistor (for setting TL431 voltage, value depends on desired output voltage)
- Unit: Component

Relay: To carry sufficient current to blow the fuse, a relay triggered by the comparator's output is necessary. The relay's coil must be compatible with the op-amp's output voltage and current capabilities.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Component

Fuse: The fuse to be blown by the circuit. Its specifications depend on the application, particularly the current required to guarantee it breaks safely without causing harm to other components.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Component

Power Supply: A stable power supply is necessary for the sensor, op-amp, and relay coil. The voltage requirement would depend on the components chosen, but a common 5V or 12V DC power supply could be utilized.
- Quantity: Assumed available
- Unit: Component

Miscellaneous Components: Including resistors for current limiting/configuration and capacitors for decoupling/noise filtering.
- Resistors (assorted for TL431 configuration, pull-up/down for op-amp): Various
- Capacitors (decoupling for power supply lines, noise filtering): Various
- Unit: Component

Circuit Description and Connections

Sensor to Op-Amp Comparator:
- Connect MPX4115A output to LM358 pin 2 (inverting input).
- Connect TL431 (adjusted to correspond with 30 inHg voltage) to LM358 pin 3 (non-inverting input).

Comparator to Relay:
- Connect LM358 pin 1 (output) to relay coil with a current limiting resistor in series to protect the op-amp output.

Relay to Fuse:
- The relay normally closed (NC) contact is wired in series with the fuse and the load to be protected/disabled. Upon activation, the relay opens, breaking the circuit and causing the fuse to blow due to the external circuit design or fault condition aimed for this application.

Power Supply Connections:
- Power supply (+) to MPX4115A Vcc, LM358 Vcc, relay Vcc through appropriate resistors and capacitors for stabilization and filtering.
- Power supply (-) to MPX4115A Gnd, LM358 Gnd, and common ground for system stability.

This description and component list exclude specifics like resistor and capacitor values, as these would need to be calculated based on the chosen components' specifications, the desired reference voltage (for 30 inHg), and the operational supply voltage. The relay type is essential to ensure it can handle the required load current to blow the fuse. Additionally, careful attention must be given to the layout to minimize noise and interference, especially in the analog sections of the circuit.

7mo

loganl

@copilot what about using a BMP388 for the barometric pressure sensor?

7mo

copilot

Using the BMP388 as a barometric pressure sensor in your project is a great choice for several reasons. The BMP388 is a highly precise, low-power, and small footprint barometric pressure sensor suitable for environmental sensing and altitude tracking in mobile applications. However, it's important to note that the BMP388 outputs data via I²C or SPI digital interface, which means it typically requires some form of microcontroller to read the data. Since the original requirement was to avoid components that need to be coded, like microcontrollers, this presents a challenge.

Given your constraint on avoiding programmable components, you might consider a simple workaround: using a small, dedicated microcontroller or module that has been pre-programmed specifically for this function. This microcontroller would read data from the BMP388 and output a simple digital signal (high or low) when the pressure drops below the specified threshold, essentially serving as a digital switch without requiring the user to program it.

Proposed Solution with BMP388

Since using a microcontroller directly contradicts the initial constraints, let's imagine we have a pre-configured module that simplifies the use of BMP388 for your specific need. This module would encapsulate the complexity of I²C communication and pressure threshold detection, providing a straightforward digital output indicating when the barometric pressure has dropped below 30 inHg.

Revised Component List:

BMP388 Module (assumed to be a hypothetical version with simple digital output for threshold detection)
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Sensor/Module

Relay
- As previously mentioned, for driving the circuit to blow the fuse, a relay is needed.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Component

Fuse
- To be blown by the circuit as previously described.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Component

Power Supply
- 5V or 3.3V, depending on the requirements of the BMP388 module and relay coil.
- Quantity: Assumed available
- Unit: Component

Miscellaneous Components (for relay driving and power stabilization)
- Resistors, capacitors

Revised Circuit Description

BMP388 Module to Relay:
- Connect the BMP388 module's digital output (indicating pressure below 30 inHg) directly to the relay control circuit. This might involve a transistor as a switch if the output cannot drive the relay coil directly.

Relay to Fuse:
- Wire the relay contacts in series with the fuse and the load, similar to the previously detailed setup.

Benefits and Limitations

This approach, while hypothetical regarding the BMP388 module's simplified output, offers a neat solution to detect a specific pressure threshold without involving direct programming by the end user. The biggest limitation is finding or creating such a module since it requires upfront programming and configuration to work as described.

Conclusion

If you're open to using a minimal amount of programming or pre-configured modules, the BMP388 can provide accurate and reliable pressure measurements for your project, significantly enhancing its functionality. However, considering the initial constraint against coding, it's essential to find or tailor a solution that fits within these boundaries.

7mo

loganl

@copilot can you specify the specific component models used?

7mo

copilot

Given the constraints and the revised approach to include a barometric pressure sensor like the BMP388 which provides digital output, let's specify components and models for the entire setup, including a hypothetical module to interpret the BMP388 sensor data without explicit user programming.

Components Specification

Barometric Pressure Sensor:
- Model: BMP388
- Description: A high-accuracy, low-power digital barometric pressure sensor with I²C/SPI.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Sensor

Microcontroller Module (Hypothetical):
- Model: Custom BMP388 Interface Module
- Description: A pre-programmed microcontroller or interface module designed specifically to communicate with the BMP388 sensor via I²C or SPI. It outputs a digital signal when pressure measurements fall below the 30 inHg threshold. A suitable microcontroller for this hypothetical module could be based on a very simple, low-power microcontroller, such as the STM32L0 series (for its low power and sufficient peripheral support) or even simpler, like the ATTiny85, assuming it only needs to handle the sensor reading and basic logic operations.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Module

Relay:
- Model: G5LE-1 DC5
- Description: A compact, PCB-mountable relay that can switch up to 10A of load, with a coil voltage of 5V, suitable for direct operation from the microcontroller output with a transistor if necessary.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Component

Power Supply:
- Specifications: For the BMP388, a 3.3V supply is needed, which can also power the microcontroller module. The relay might require 5V, depending on the model selected. A simple, yet efficient solution would be to use a dual-output voltage regulator that can output both 3.3V and 5V from a common source.
- Recommended Model for Dual Voltage: LM2596S based adjustable buck converter, configuring one for 3.3V output and another for 5V.
- Quantity: 1 (with dual outputs)
- Unit: Power Supply Module

Voltage Regulator for Reference Voltage (Part of Microcontroller Module):
- Model: TL431
- Description: Adjustable shunt voltage regulator, used within the microcontroller module to provide a precise reference voltage that the microcontroller compares against the BMP388 reading.
- Quantity: Used within the microcontroller module
- Unit: IC

Transistor (for Relay Control):
- Model: 2N2222
- Description: A common NPN bipolar junction transistor, used to drive the relay coil from the microcontroller module's digital output.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Transistor

Fuse:
- Specifications: The specific model and rating of the fuse depend on the application circuit it's protecting. Generally, a fast-blow fuse is preferred for overcurrent protection.
- Recommended Model: Generic glass cartridge fuse, 250V rated, with current rating as per the application's requirement.
- Quantity: 1
- Unit: Fuse

Miscellaneous Components:
- Resistors and Capacitors: Various values for pull-up/pull-down resistors, current-limiting resistors for the relay and microcontroller IOs, and decoupling capacitors for power supply stability.
- Unit: Component

Simplified Connection Overview

BMP388 Sensor to Custom BMP388 Interface Module: Connection via I²C or SPI (SCL to SCL, SDA to SDA for I²C; or SCK, MOSI, MISO, CS for SPI).

Custom BMP388 Interface Module Output to Relay: Via a transistor like the 2N2222, with appropriate base resistor.

Relay Contacts to Fuse and Load Circuit: Ensure the normally closed contact of the relay breaks the circuit when activated, causing the fuse to blow under the designed condition.

This setup provides a detailed overview of using a BMP388 sensor in a circuit designed to actuate a relay and blow a fuse based on specific barometric pressure conditions without directly involving user programming.

7mo

loganl

@copilot can you connect all of the components you listed?

7mo

copilot

Certainly! Let's outline how to connect all the specified components for the project that utilizes the BMP388 barometric pressure sensor to activate a relay, which in turn is intended to blow a fuse when the barometric pressure drops below 30 inHg, using a hypothetical pre-programmed microcontroller module as an intermediary.

Connection Overview

BMP388 Sensor to Custom BMP388 Interface Module:
- Assuming I²C communication for simplicity:
  - BMP388 SCL to Custom Module SCL
  - BMP388 SDA to Custom Module SDA
  - BMP388 VCC to 3.3V output from LM2596S
  - BMP388 GND to Ground

Custom BMP388 Interface Module to Relay (via 2N2222 Transistor):
- Custom Module Output Digital Output to 2N2222 Base through a 1kΩ resistor (Base Resistor)
- 2N2222 Collector to Relay Coil pin (One side)
- Relay Coil pin (Other side) to 5V output from LM2596S
- 2N2222 Emitter to Ground

Power Supply Connections:
- LM2596S Input to Power Source (e.g., 12V DC Input)
- LM2596S Output 1 set to 3.3V:
  - 3.3V output to BMP388 VCC
  - 3.3V output to Custom Module VCC (if it operates at 3.3V)
- LM2596S Output 2 set to 5V:
  - 5V output to Relay Coil (via Transistor switch)

Relay to Fuse and Load:
- Relay Common (COM) terminal connected to the Load's power input
- Relay Normally Closed (NC) terminal to one end of the Fuse
- Other end of the Fuse to the Power Source (matching the Load's requirements, e.g., 12V)
- Load's Ground back to Power Source Ground

Miscellaneous Connection:
- Decoupling Capacitors:
  - Near BMP388 VCC and GND pins
  - Near Custom Module VCC and GND pins
- Pull-Up Resistors for I²C Lines (if not included in the Custom Module):
  - Typically 4.7kΩ from SCL to 3.3V
  - Typically 4.7kΩ from SDA to 3.3V

Connection Diagram (Textual Description)

Connect BMP388:SCL to CustomModule:SCL.

Connect BMP388:SDA to CustomModule:SDA.

Connect BMP388:VCC to LM2596S:3.3VOutput, CustomModule:VCC to LM2596S:3.3VOutput.

Connect BMP388:GND and CustomModule:GND to Ground.

Connect CustomModule:DigitalOutput through a 1kΩ resistor to 2N2222:Base.

Connect 2N2222:Collector to Relay:CoilPin, and the other Relay:CoilPin to LM2596S:5VOutput.

Connect 2N2222:Emitter to Ground.

Connect Relay:COM to LoadPowerInput, Relay:NC to one end of Fuse, and the other end of Fuse to PowerSource.

Ensure decoupling capacitors are placed near power inputs of sensitive components, and add pull-up resistors on I²C lines if necessary.

Remember, this connection overview provides a high-level guide. Detailed design, such as exact resistor values for the transistor base or decoupling capacitor values, might require adjustments based on the exact specifications of your components and power supply characteristics.

7mo

generate a pcb layout that uses an ir sensor to turn off an led when it doesn't ...

loganl

@copilot generate a pcb layout that uses an ir sensor to turn off an led when it doesn't detect ir. include the components that would be used and the amount and the unit that would be used when using active and/or passive components. do not use components that need to be coded such as the atmega328p.

7mo

copilot

For a project that involves using an IR sensor to turn off an LED when it doesn't detect IR light, here is a simple circuit layout sans microcontrollers. We will use an IR photodiode (which detects IR light) in combination with a transistor to control the LED. The idea is to have the LED on by default and turn off when the IR photodiode receives IR light, indicating an object is nearby.

Components Required:

IR photodiode (active component) - 1 unit
- Detects IR radiation; used here as the sensor.

NPN Transistor (e.g., 2N3904) - 1 unit
- Acts as a switch; controls the LED based on the photodiode's status.

LED (e.g., generic red) - 1 unit
- The indicator that is turned off when IR is detected.

Resistors:
- R1 (470Ω) for LED current limiting - 1 unit
- R2 (10kΩ) for the base of the transistor - 1 unit
- R3 (10kΩ) pull-down for photodiode - 1 unit

Power supply (e.g., Battery or USB 5V) - 1 unit
- Provides the necessary power for the circuit.

Circuit Working Principle:

The IR photodiode, when exposed to IR radiation, allows a small current to flow through it, which then flows into the base of the NPN transistor. This effectively turns off the transistor, since in our configuration, the transistor is used to sink current from the LED to ground when no IR light is detected.

The LED is connected with its anode to the positive voltage supply (through a current-limiting resistor) and its cathode to the collector of the NPN transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to ground.

The R3 pull-down resistor ensures that the transistor remains off when there is no significant current flowing from the photodiode.

PCB Layout Suggestions:

Place the IR photodiode close to the LED, as this design is intended to turn off the LED when the IR signal is detected. Orientation matters; ensure the photodiode's sensitive part is exposed to the expected direction of IR light.

Use thick traces for power connections (Vcc and GND), especially if you're powering more than a few LEDs or if the LEDs are high power. A width of 0.5mm is a good starting point for low currents ( $<500mA$ ).

Minimize the length of the trace between the photodiode and the transistor, as well as between the resistor R2 and the transistor base. This reduces noise and interference susceptibility.

Ensure there is enough space around components for ease of soldering, especially if this is your first time soldering. A clearance of at least 2mm around each component is recommended.

Connections:

Connect Power supply positive to R1:1

Connect R1:2 to LED:Anode

Connect LED:Cathode to Transistor (2N3904):Collector

Connect Transistor:Emitter to Ground

Connect IR photodiode:Anode to R3:1 (one end of R3 is also connected to Ground)

Connect IR photodiode:Cathode to R2:1

Connect R2:2 to Transistor:Base

Assumptions:

The IR photodiode operates sufficiently within the voltage provided by the power supply.

Ambient IR light is not strong enough to falsely trigger the circuit.

The components specified are adequate for the supply voltage and the expected operating conditions.

This straightforward approach avoids using programmable components and relies on the basic properties of electronic components to achieve the project's aim. Please adjust component values based on your specific requirements and test the circuit thoroughly.

7mo

Hi! I’m copilot. Think of me like an experienced electrical engineer that can he...

copilot

Hi! I’m copilot. Think of me like an experienced electrical engineer that can help you brainstorm ideas, debug problems, research components, and even make wiring connections for you. Ask me questions like:

@copilot I'm designing a PCB for a medical device that measures heart rate and temperature. Can you give me the list of components I will need?

@copilot How would I connect these parts to make the LED flash at 1kHz?

@copilot can you choose 4 digital pins on the ATMega328P-AU that I have here to use as GPIO given that I am already using some pins for reset, the external clock, UART, and I2C.

Reach me at any time by tagging me on comments or in the chat with my handle, @copilot.

7mo

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loganl / [2-layer] JLCPCB Constraints

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