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DC Motor Driver1
make circuit for IR based distance sensing
gokulshiva77

gokulshiva77

@copilot make circuit for IR based distance sensing
11mo

copilot

To create a circuit for IR-based distance sensing, we use an IR transmitter and IR receiver pair, such as an IR LED and a photodiode or phototransistor. Let's lay out a basic design for you:
Components Needed
  • IR LED: Acts as the transmitter.
  • Photodiode or Phototransistor: Acts as the receiver.
  • Operational Amplifier: Used to amplify the photodiode's output signal.
  • Resistors: For the current limiting and gain setting.
  • Capacitors: For noise filtering.
  • Microcontroller: Optional, for processing the signal (e.g., STM32 Black Pill that you have).
Basic Circuit Design
  1. IR LED and Current Limiting Resistor: Connect the IR LED anode to a power source through a resistor. The cathode is connected to ground. This will continuously emit IR light in the forward direction.
  2. Photodiode/Phototransistor: Position the photodiode/phototransistor to receive the reflected IR light from the IR LED. Connect the cathode of the photodiode to the ground and its anode to the input of the operational amplifier. If using a phototransistor, connect it in series with a resistor to create a voltage divider.
  3. Operational Amplifier: Connect the photodiode/phototransistor output to the inverting input of an op-amp. Connect a feedback resistor from the op-amp output to its inverting input to set the gain. Connect the non-inverting input of the op-amp to ground or a reference voltage through a resistor.
  4. Signal Processing: The amplified signal from the op-amp can be fed into an ADC pin of a microcontroller like your STM32 Black Pill for digital signal processing or distance calculation.
  5. Power Connections: Ensure the op-amp and microcontroller are powered appropriately. Use bypass capacitors close to the power pins to filter out high-frequency noise.
Suggested Connections
Here are general connection suggestions:
  • Connect IR LED: Anode to Power through a resistor.
  • Connect IR LED: Cathode to GND.
  • Connect Photodiode: Anode to Op-Amp: Inverting Input.
  • Connect Photodiode: Cathode to GND.
  • Connect Op-Amp: Output to STM32: ADC Pin (e.g., PA0).
  • Connect the Op-Amp: Non-Inverting Input to GND or Vref.
Would you like a specific implementation or further details?
11mo
gokulshiva77

gokulshiva77

@copilot what opamp to use and connection
11mo

copilot

For this project, let's use a common op-amp like the LM358. It's a dual op-amp that can operate on a single power supply, which is suitable for working with typical microcontroller voltages.
LM358 Op-Amp Basic Information
  • Supply Voltage: 3V to 32V.
  • Low Power Consumption.
  • Capable of Single-Supply Operation.
Circuit Connections
  1. Power Supply:
    • Connect LM358: VCC to the power supply (e.g., 5V).
    • Connect LM358: GND to the ground.
  2. Photodiode Connection:
    • Convert the photocurrent to a voltage using a resistor. Connect the cathode of the photodiode to ground and the anode to one end of a resistor (e.g., 10kΩ). Connect the other end of the resistor to LM358: Inverting Input (e.g., pin 2 if using the first op-amp in the package).
  3. Feedback Loop:
    • Connect a feedback resistor (e.g., 100kΩ) from LM358: Output (e.g., pin 1) to the Inverting Input (e.g., pin 2).
    • Connect a resistor (e.g., 10kΩ) from the non-inverting input (e.g., pin 3) to ground.
  4. Output to Microcontroller:
    • Connect LM358: Output (e.g., pin 1) to U1:PA0U1:PA0 or any ADC pin on the STM32 Black Pill.
  5. Capacitors (Optional for Stability):
    • You may want to add a capacitor parallel to the feedback resistor or at the VCC and GND pins of the op-amp to stabilize the circuit and reduce noise interference.
Connection Suggestion Summary
  • Connect IR LED: Anode to Power through resistor and Cathode to GND.
  • Connect Photodiode: Anode to Resistor to LM358:Inverting Input.
  • Connect Photodiode: Cathode to GND.
  • Connect LM358:VCC to Power and GND to GND.
  • Connect LM358: Output to STM32:ADC Pin U1:PA0U1:PA0.
Would you like further details or any adjustments to this setup?
11mo
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Gleaming Bronze Mr. Fusion

Gleaming Bronze Mr. Fusion
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Last updated by gokulshiva77
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