Schematic Design Issue Analysis
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Below is an analysis based directly on the schematic data extracted from your project. Note that because the schematic uses generic nets (labeled “Net 1”, “Net 2”, etc.) and generic part names, some of the issues become apparent only when reviewing the actual interconnections and design intent. Based on the provided information, here are the concrete observations and recommendations:
1. Decoupling and Supply Bypassing for the LM324N (U2, U3)
- Observation: Neither of the quad op‐amp packages (LM324N) shows dedicated decoupling capacitors at their VCC supply pins. The op‐amp power pins (VCC+ on pin 4 and VCC– on pin 11 for U2, with similar assignments on U3) do not appear to have bypass capacitors placed nearby.
- Recommendation: Add a 0.1 µF decoupling capacitor on the VCC+ pin and, if the design is meant for single supply operation, a capacitor from the negative supply (which must be clearly defined as ground) to ground. This improves high‑frequency noise rejection and stabilizes the supply.
2. Ambiguous Net Naming and Signal Identification
- Observation: All nets in the schematic are numbered (for example, “Net 10”, “Net 27”, etc.) instead of being given functional names. This makes it very difficult to verify that a critical signal (such as VCC, GND, feedback nodes, or sensor lines) is connected correctly.
- Recommendation: Rename the nets so that they clearly correspond to their function (for example, “VCC”, “GND”, “IN_SIGNAL”, “FEEDBACK”, etc.). This will reduce the risk of connectivity mistakes during board layout and improve the overall clarity of the design.
3. Power Supply and Polarity Assignment for the LM324N
- Observation: The LM324N is typically used in a single‑supply configuration. In your schematic the supply pins are split into two nets (one labeled “VCC+” and one labeled “VCC–”), with “VCC–” seemingly tied to other signals (for example, via connections to SW1 and R10). It is not evident whether “VCC–” is serving as a proper ground reference.
- Recommendation: Verify that the negative supply of the LM324N is indeed intended to be ground. If so, ensure that all ground connections use a dedicated ground symbol or net (for example, using the GND) so that signal integrity and noise immunity are maintained. Use a clear, consistent naming convention rather than “VCC–”.
4. Push Button (SW1, SW2) Signal Connections
- Observation: Both tactile switches (SW1 and SW2) are connected to nets that include power supply nodes (for example, Net 27 includes connections from U2’s VCC–, U3’s VCC–, and R10). In many cases a push button is meant to pull a signal either high or low through a resistor.
- Recommendation: Revisit the intended function of each push button. If a switch is meant to generate a logic-level signal or reset a circuit, add the necessary pull‑up or pull‑down resistor (or verify that one is already present) and make sure the switch does not inadvertently bridge supply and ground. In other words, confirm that the switch’s connection to power/ground correctly matches the design intent and that any debouncing or current‑limiting measures have been implemented.
5. Generic Component Usage and Lack of Specific Function Nets
- Observation: Many components (resistors “[R#]”, capacitors “[C#]”, and connectors) are “Generic” and their net placements rely on numbered nets. For instance, some nets combine components that normally would have distinct roles (for example, one net tying a resistor’s pad, a capacitor pad, and an op‑amp input together) without clear functional labeling.
- Recommendation: After confirming your circuit’s function, associate each net with a meaningful signal name. If a resistor is used for current limiting on an LED or as part of a voltage divider, ensure that its expected function is clear. This will help avoid misassignments during both schematic capture and later (PCB) design stages.
Summary:
- Decoupling: Add bypass capacitors directly at each LM324N supply pin.
- Net Naming: Rename nets with functionally descriptive names rather than using only numeric labels.
- Power Distribution: Clarify the supply scheme for the LM324N so that “VCC–” is explicitly defined as ground if that is your intent.
- Switch Connections: Review the push button wiring for unintended power shorting and add appropriate resistors.
- Documentation: Revisit each net connection to ensure that intended signal paths are maintained and that no net unintentionally ties together unrelated circuit functions.
Implementing these corrections and optimizations will improve electrical performance, signal integrity, and testability of your design.
320 days
Ready.
J3
R7
Resistance
10k Ω
BT2
C2
Capacitance
100n F
U2
R2
Resistance
16.2k Ω
R4
Resistance
1k Ω
J1
C1
Capacitance
100n F
SW1
R9
Resistance
30k Ω
BT1
R5
Resistance
1k Ω
SW2
J6
J4
R8
Resistance
1k Ω
R3
Resistance
1k Ω
C3
Capacitance
10n F
C4
Capacitance
100n F
J2
J5
R6
Resistance
1k Ω
R1
Resistance
1.2k Ω
U3
U1
R10
Resistance
10k Ω
Reviews
Electrical Rule Checks
Missing Footprints
Reports parts that have no footprint.
Design Rule Checks
Overlapping Copper
Reports copper elements that are shorting.
Invalid Layer
Reports nodes that are assigned to a layer that doesn't exist in the layout stackup.
Component Overrides
Reports components that have been modified using the "!important" flag.
Airwires • 1
Designators | Net | |
|---|---|---|
Deprecated Rules
Reports nodes that are using rules that are not supported anymore.
Layers with Multiple Fills
Reports layers that have multiple copper fills of different nets. Make sure the Connected Layers rule value of nets with fills is valid.
Floating Copper • 12
Protected Intrusions
Reports intrusions from objects of other nets into polygons or fills that have the Protected layout rule applied.
System Checks
Auto-Layout
BetaReports issues with Auto-Layout if Flux cannot route something or must ignore a configuration.
Passive Components
Resistor Power Rating
BetaChecks that the power traveling across a given resistor is under its rating with 50% headroom.
Learn morePull Up/Pull Down Presence
BetaChecks that IC pins that require pull up or pull down resistors have them.
Learn moreCapacitor Voltage Rating
BetaChecks that capacitors have appropriate voltage ratings to prevent overheating and ensure reliable circuit operation.
- Wirelessly connects nets on schematic. Used to organize schematics and separate functional blocks. To wirelessly connect net portals, give them same designator. #portaljharwinbarrozo43.0M
- Wirelessly connects power nets on schematic. Identical to the net portal, but with a power symbol. Used to organize schematics and separate functional blocks. To wirelessly connect power net portals, give them the same designator. #portal #powerjharwinbarrozo11.4M
- A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibraryjharwinbarrozo1.5M
- A generic fixed capacitor ideal for rapid circuit topology development. You can choose between polarized and non-polarized types, its symbol and the footprint will automatically adapt based on your selection. Supported options include standard SMD sizes for ceramic capacitors (e.g., 0402, 0603, 0805), SMD sizes for aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and through-hole footprints for polarized capacitors. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibraryjharwinbarrozo1.5M
- A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #genericsjharwinbarrozo15.1k
- An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.Terminal
- 47 kOhms ±5% 0.125W, 1/8W Chip Resistor 0805 (2012 Metric) Automotive AEC-Q200 Thick Film #forLedBlinkjharwinbarrozo1.2M
- 10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcanjharwinbarrozo1.2M
- Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlinkjharwinbarrozo1.1M
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device
Controls
Properties
Availability & Pricing
| Distributor | Qty 1 | |
|---|---|---|
| Arrow | $0.25–$0.76 | |
| Digi-Key | $2.70–$5.66 | |
| LCSC | $9.42–$9.68 | |
| Mouser | $3.74 | |
| Verical | $0.29–$0.45 | |
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