Encender Foco sin Interruptor

flux

1:22

A continuación se muestra un procedimiento detallado (en dos pasos) para que tu foco se encienda al oscurecer, usando una LDR, un transistor BJT y un relevador (relay).
Sugerencia de cambios al proyecto 1. Agregar componentes al esquema
Asegúrate de tener todos estos componentes en tu proyecto:
  • LDR (sensor de luz)
  • R1 Resistencia fija de 10kΩ (formará un divisor de tensión con la LDR).
  • R2 Resistencia de 1kΩ para base del transistor.
  • BC547 (U1) Transistor NPN genérico.
  • Relay (K1) Relevador de 5V o 12V (según tu fuente de control).
  • D1 Diodo de protección para la bobina del relevador.
  • Ground Referencia de tierra.
2. Conectar los componentes
A continuación, las conexiones necesarias:
  1. Divisor LDR-R1
    • Conecta la parte superior del LDR a la línea de voltaje de tu fuente de control (por ejemplo, +5V o +12V).
    • Conecta el otro extremo del LDR al extremo superior de R1.
    • Conecta el otro extremo de R1 a Ground.
    • El “punto medio” (entre LDR y R1) será la señal de control que va a la base del transistor por medio de R2.
  2. Base del Transistor
    • Conecta R2 entre el “punto medio” (LDR-R1) y la base de BC547 (U1).
    • Esto limita la corriente de base y establece el umbral de encendido.
  3. Emisor del Transistor
  4. Colector del Transistor y Relevador
    • Conecta el colector de BC547 (U1) a uno de los terminales de la bobina de Relay (K1).
    • Conecta el otro terminal de la bobina del relevador a la línea positiva de tu fuente de control (+5V o +12V).
  5. Diodo de Protección
    • Coloca D1 en paralelo con la bobina del Relay (K1), cátodo al positivo y ánodo al colector del transistor.
    • Este diodo protege al transistor de picos de voltaje cuando se desenergiza la bobina.
  6. Conexión del Foco
    • En el contacto de potencia del Relay (generalmente se rotula NO y COM), conecta tu foco a la fuente de corriente adecuada (por ejemplo, 110/220 VAC).
    • Al energizarse la bobina, el relevador cerrará el circuito y alimentará el foco.
Cuando hay luz suficiente, la LDR tiene baja resistencia y la base del transistor no recibe suficiente tensión, de modo que el Relay permanece desactivado. Al oscurecer, la resistencia de la LDR aumenta, el transistor se activa, energiza el relevador y enciende el foco.
Puedes usar el “Apply changes” para implementar estas modificaciones en tu esquema. Una vez añadidas y conectadas estas partes en tu proyecto de Flux, tendrás un circuito que encienda el foco automáticamente al anochecer.
Resumen conciso de componentes
Confirmación de valores y conexiones clave
Verificación de configuración principal
Tabla con valores y conexiones
Resumen de la conexión LDR-BC547
393 days
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