copilot

• Recommended Alternatives are chosen based on functionality, mechanical footprint, and availability.
• Ensure that the selected alternatives match the required electrical characteristics in your design context. Always double-check the datasheets when selecting replacement parts.

copilot

• Capacitor $C5$ (100nF)
  • MPN: CC0603KRX7R9BB104
  • Connected to: ?
• Capacitor $C6$ (100nF)
  • MPN: CC0603KRX7R9BB104
  • Connected to: ADC_AVDD

• Capacitor $C3$ (1uF)
  • MPN: GRM188R61E105KA12D
  • Connected to: 3V3 net
• Capacitor $C4$ (1uF)
  • MPN: GRM188R61E105KA12D
  • Connected to: VREG_VOUT

1. For RP2040:
   • It's common to place multiple 100nF capacitors close to each power pin.
   • Guidelines for the RP2040 suggest having decoupling capacitors (typically 100nF) close to each IOVDD pin.
   • Capacitors:
     • C5 (100nF): Ensure it's connected to one of the power supply pins like $IOVDD$, $VREG_VIN$, or $DVDD$.
     • C6 (100nF): Connected to ADC_AVDD which is good.
     • May need additional capacitors for other IOVDD and VCORE (if separate).
2. For AMS1117-3.3 (U2):
   • Ensure it has both input and output capacitors for stability.
   • C3 (1uF): Adequately on the 3V3 net.
   • C4 (1uF): On the VREG_VOUT. Consider adding 10uF as recommended by the datasheet.
3. Other ICs like W25Q128FVPIQ (U3), Crystal Oscillator (Y1):
   • Check for any decoupling needs for these components, usually, flash ICs need a 100nF capacitor nearby.

• Ensure every power pin on components like @fcc6f6d7-4ebf-4ff5-b60d-123909edf14y and regulators have appropriate decoupling as per design guidelines (e.g., 100nF and 1uF capacitors).
• You might need multiple 100nF capacitors for each power pin of the RP2040 (e.g., IOVDD, DVDD).

copilot

• RP2040 (U1):
  • Four capacitors (C3, C5, C6, and C8) do not have voltage ratings stated.
  • Power nets ADC_AVDD and VREG_VOUT do not have specified voltages and attached capacitors (C6 and C4) lack voltage ratings as well.
• AMS1117-3.3 (U2):
  • No decoupling capacitor is attached to the VI pin.
  • Decoupling capacitor (C7) on output VO lacks voltage rating.
• W25Q128FVPIQ (U3):
  • The capacitors (C9) do not have voltage ratings stated.

copilot

• Connect C8:P1 to the 3V3 power rail.
• Connect C8:P2 to GND.

copilot

• W25Q128FVPIQ TR: Discontinued at Digi-Key (unavailable price)
• B3FS-1050P: $1.24525 - $3.3282
• 12401548E4#2A: $0.931
• ABM3-12.000MHZ-D2Y-T: $0.2163 - $0.56
• RP2040: $1.0533 - $1.1885
• AMS1117-3.3: $0.0258 - $0.49

Python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Components and their price ranges
components = {
    "B3FS-1050P": (1.24525 + 3.3282) / 2,
    "12401548E4#2A": 0.931,
    "ABM3-12.000MHZ-D2Y-T": (0.2163 + 0.56) / 2,
    "RP2040": (1.0533 + 1.1885) / 2,
    "AMS1117-3.3": (0.0258 + 0.49) / 2
}

# Average prices
avg_prices = {k: (sum(v) if isinstance(v, tuple) else v) for k, v in components.items()}

# Plotting
plt.bar(avg_prices.keys(), avg_prices.values(), color='blue')
plt.xlabel('Component')
plt.ylabel('Average Price (USD)')
plt.title('Component Prices')
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Components and their price ranges
components = {
    "B3FS-1050P": (1.24525 + 3.3282) / 2,
    "12401548E4#2A": 0.931,
    "ABM3-12.000MHZ-D2Y-T": (0.2163 + 0.56) / 2,
    "RP2040": (1.0533 + 1.1885) / 2,
    "AMS1117-3.3": (0.0258 + 0.49) / 2
}

# Average prices
avg_prices = {k: (sum(v) if isinstance(v, tuple) else v) for k, v in components.items()}

# Plotting
plt.bar(avg_prices.keys(), avg_prices.values(), color='blue')
plt.xlabel('Component')
plt.ylabel('Average Price (USD)')
plt.title('Component Prices')
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.tight_layout()

# Save the plot
plt.savefig('/mnt/data/component_prices.png')

plt.show()

Image

1. Component Substitution:
   • W25Q128FVPIQ TR: This component is discontinued. Consider finding an alternate flash memory chip that meets the requirements but is still in production.
   • B3FS-1050P: This push button switch has a wide price range. Look for equivalent switches from other manufacturers that may offer better pricing.
   • RP2040: Although already reasonably priced, purchasing in bulk (as shown by the price reduction in larger quantities) could further reduce costs.
2. Bulk Purchasing:
   • Many components, like the ABM3-12.000MHZ-D2Y-T, offer significant discounts when purchased in larger quantities. Consider bulk ordering where feasible to reduce the per-unit price.
3. Alternative Sources:
   • Compare prices from different distributors. Sometimes smaller distributors or regional suppliers might offer better deals than major suppliers.
   • Look for potential drop-in replacements from lesser-known brands that offer the same specification at a lower cost.
4. Design Optimization:
   • Review whether all components are necessary or if some can be replaced with passive components that might be cheaper.
   • Optimize the design to reduce the number of components altogether. For example, integrated solutions that combine functionalities may reduce the number of discrete components needed.
5. Negotiation and Sourcing:
   • Directly contact manufacturers or authorized distributors for bulk negotiations and potential discounts.
   • Explore sourcing options from different regions which might offer better pricing due to local market conditions.

collinsemasi

copilot

• Form factor and package type: Ensure it fits on your PCB footprint.
• Switching current and voltage: Match with your circuit requirements.
• Actuation force and travel: Ensure it matches the user interaction you want.

1. SKRPACE010
   • Manufacturer: ALPS Alpine
   • Size: 6 mm x 3.5 mm
   • Actuators: Vertical push
   • Operating Force: 2.55 N
   • Price: Generally lower than B3FS-1050P
2. EVQP0E01K
   • Manufacturer: Panasonic
   • Size: 6 mm x 6 mm
   • Actuators: Snap-in Type
   • Operating Force: 1.57 N
   • Price: Reasonably priced and readily available
3. TL3342BF160QJ
   • Manufacturer: E-Switch
   • Size: 6 mm x 6 mm
   • Actuators: Tactile Pushbutton
   • Operating Force: 160 gf
   • Price: Very cost-effective
4. MTS-103-A2
   • Manufacturer: C&K Components
   • Size: 6 mm x 6 mm
   • Actuators: Snap-on type
   • Operating Force: 160 gf
   • Price: Generally lower than B3FS-1050P

collinsemasi

copilot

1. Update the Schematic:
   • Remove SW1: Delete the existing SW1 component from your schematic.
   • Add K1: Add the new K1 component to your schematic. Ensure it has the correct footprint and pin configuration.
   • Update Connections: Ensure that the connections previously made to SW1 are now made to K1 as follows:
     • Connect K1:1 to the previous connection of SW1:1
     • Connect K1:2 to the previous connection of SW1:2
2. Update the PCB Layout:
   • Replace Footprint: Replace the footprint of SW1 with the footprint corresponding to K1 in the PCB layout. Make sure the new footprint is placed correctly and matches the dimensions.
   • Re-route Traces: Ensure all traces previously connected to SW1 are now connected to K1, ensuring a proper electrical connection.
3. Verification:
   • DRC Check: Perform a Design Rule Check (DRC) to ensure there are no errors due to the replacement.
   • Electrical Check: Validate that all electrical connections are correct and that the circuit functions as intended.

• Connect SW1:1 to GND
• Connect SW1:3 to RUN

• Connect K1:1 to GND
• Connect K1:2 to RUN

• Connect K1:1 to GND.
• Connect K1:2 to RUN.

copilot

• Connect U3:EP to Ground.

1. Power and Ground:
   • Connect U3:VCC to 3V3.
   • Connect U3:GND to Ground.
2. Data Pins:
   • Connect U3:D0 to U1:QSPI_SD0.
   • Connect U3:D1 to U1:QSPI_SD1.
   • Connect U3:WP to U1:QSPI_SD2.
   • Connect U3:HOLD to U1:QSPI_SD3.
3. Control Pins:
   • Connect U3:~CS to U1:QSPI_CSN.
   • Connect U3:CLK to U1:QSPI_SCLK.
4. Exposed Pad:
   • Connect U3:EP to Ground.

copilot

1. Identify the pins on your schematic: Ensure you know the location of pins A8 and B8 on your USB connector J1. It seems from the pin details provided, the GND pins on your USB connector are connected. A8 and B8 may correspond to signals like GND or similar, as A8 and B8 are often used for power or ground in USB connectors, depending on their specification.
2. Make the connection: Assuming these are for ground signals, you should connect them to the ground net on your schematic:
   • Connect J1:$A8$ to J1:$B8$ for ensuring both share the same ground potential, if necessary.
   • Additionally, if these pins are meant to be connected to the circuit ground (GND), you should ensure they connect to your GND net as documented. You can adjust as follows:
   • Connect J1:$A8$ or $B8$ to your GND net for circuit consistency.

copilot

copilot

• $C_L$ is the load capacitance specified by the manufacturer,
• $C1$ and $C2$ are the capacitors connected to the crystal,
• $C_{stray}$ is the stray capacitance (usually around 5 pF).

Python
# Given values
C_L = 12  # Load capacitance in pF
C_stray = 5  # Stray capacitance in pF

# Calculate the required capacitance for C1 and C2
C1_C2 = 2 * (C_L - C_stray)  # since C1 = C2

C1_C2

Python
# Given values
C_L = 12  # Load capacitance in pF
C_stray = 5  # Stray capacitance in pF

# Calculate the required capacitance for C1 and C2
C1_C2 = 2 * (C_L - C_stray)  # since C1 = C2

C1_C2

copilot

1. Connect A8 to the VBUS net:
   • Connect J1:A8 to J1:VBUS.
2. Connect B8 to the VBUS net:
   • Connect J1:B8 to J1:VBUS.

• Connect J1:A8 to J1:VBUS.
• Connect J1:B8 to J1:VBUS.

copilot

• USB_DM (Pin 46): Requires a pull-up resistor for USB functionality.
• USB_DP (Pin 47): Has a pull-up resistor connected $R1$ which is correct.
• SWCLK (Pin 24): Should be pulled down to prevent unintended state changes.
• SWD (Pin 25): Typically requires a pull-up resistor.
• RUN (Pin 26): Connected to a button, might need a pull-up if not already managed $R5$ seems involved here.
• GPIO Pins: Generally do not require external pull resistors unless used for specific I/O operations. Internal pull-ups/downs can be enabled via software configuration.

• Requires proper capacitors for stability but should not need pull-up or pull-down resistors unless there's a control pin.

• ~CS (Pin 1): Should be pulled high when not in use.
• WP (Pin 3) and HOLD (Pin 7): Often pulled high to disable their functions when not in use.

1. SWCLK (U1:24) and SWD (U1:25):
   • Connect a pull-down resistor for SWCLK.
   • Connect a pull-up resistor for SWD.
2. RP2040 GPIO pins:
   • Verify if internal pull-up/pull-down configurations in software are acceptable.

• Connect $R2:1$ (10kΩ) to U1:24 (SWCLK) and GND.
• Connect $R5:1$ (10kΩ) to U1:25 (SWD) and 3V3 (U1:49).

• Connect $\text{dummy component}$ for clarity:
  • U3:~CS, WP, and HOLD through 10kΩ resistors to 3V3 (U3:8).

• Pull-down Resistor for SWCLK:
  • Connect $R2:1$ to U1:24 (SWCLK) and GND.
• Pull-up Resistor for SWD:
  • Connect $R5:1$ to U1:25 (SWD) and 3V3 (U1:49).
• Pull-up Resistors for U3 control pins:
  • Connect U3:~CS, WP, and HOLD through 10kΩ resistors to 3V3 (U3:8).

collinsemasi

copilot

1. USB_DM (Pin 46): Requires a pull-up resistor (which you have in $R1$).
2. USB_DP (Pin 47): Already has a pull-up resistor connected via $R1$, which is correct.
3. SWCLK (Pin 24): Since this is a debug pin, it's critical to avoid unintended state changes:
   • Critical Connection: Connect $R2$ to U1:24 (SWCLK) and GND for a pull-down resistor.
4. SWD (Pin 25): Debug pin that usually requires a pull-up resistor:
   • Critical Connection: Connect $R5$ to U1:25 (SWD) and 3V3 (U1:49).
5. RUN (Pin 26): Typically should be pulled up:
   • Critical Connection: Verify $R5$ or additional pull-up arrangement to 3V3 if not handled.

1. ~CS (Pin 1): Chip select, often pulled high when not in use:
   • Critical Connection: Pull-up resistor connected to 3V3.
2. WP (Pin 3) and HOLD (Pin 7): Should be pulled high to disable these signals:
   • Critical Connection: Pull-up resistors connected to 3V3 to ensure they are in a known state when not in use.

• SWCLK (U1:24)
  • Critical Connection: Connect $R2:1$ to U1:24 (SWCLK) and GND.
• SWD (U1:25)
  • Critical Connection: Connect $R5:1$ to U1:25 (SWD) and 3V3 (U1:49).
• ~CS, WP, and HOLD (U3 Pins 1, 3, and 7)
  • Critical Connections: Connect 10kΩ pull-up resistors to 3V3 (U3 Pins 1, 3, and 7).

copilot

• Connect U2:VI to U1:$VBUS$
• Connect U2:VO to R3
• Connect U2:GND to R3, U2:TAB

copilot

• Connect J1:GND (A8) to the ground net, labeled as GND in your schematic.
• Connect J1:GND (B8) to the ground net, labeled as GND in your schematic.