ESP32-S3 Component Overview

baronnashor

Design a robust 2-layer PCB for a poloidal magnetic field driver in a plasma experiment MVP. The PCB drives an external copper poloidal coil (inductance 1–10 mH, resistance 1–5 Ω) using a 12–24 V DC input supply and an Arduino PWM control signal (0–5 V logic). It must support 2–5 A continuous coil current while prioritizing EMI robustness against strong nearby RF plasma excitation coils (kHz–MHz frequency range, up to 500 W power). The design should ensure safe operation during plasma ignition, with minimal noise coupling to the Arduino.
Key Functional Requirements
  • Low-side driver topology: Use a logic-level N-channel MOSFET controlled by the Arduino PWM pin for variable field strength (via PWM duty cycle).
  • External coil connection: Via screw terminals (e.g., 5.08 mm pitch, rated 10 A+).
  • Board size: Compact, ideally 50–100 mm x 50–100 mm, using standard FR-4 material (1 oz copper).
  • Operating environment: Desktop/lab use; assume ambient temperature 0–50°C, no active cooling required beyond optional MOSFET heatsink.
Required Components and Circuit Elements
Include the following on the PCB:
  • Logic-level N-channel MOSFET (e.g., IRLZ44N or equivalent: ≥40 V Vds, low Rds(on) <0.1 Ω, TO-220 package with heatsink footprint).
  • Series RF choke/inductor between DC supply positive and coil positive (220 µH–1 mH, rated ≥10 A, low DC resistance <0.1 Ω, e.g., ferrite core type for EMI suppression).
  • Flyback (freewheeling) diode across the coil terminals (fast Schottky, e.g., 1N5822 or equivalent: ≥40 V, ≥10 A peak).
  • Bulk decoupling capacitor on DC input (470–2200 µF electrolytic, ≥35 V rating).
  • High-frequency decoupling capacitor (10–100 nF ceramic, ≥50 V, placed close to MOSFET drain).
  • π-filter on DC input: Combine bulk and HF capacitors with the RF choke for effective EMI filtering (cutoff <100 kHz).
  • Optional TVS diode footprint across DC input (e.g., P6SMB30A, bidirectional, 30 V clamping).
  • MOSFET gate components: Series gate resistor (33–150 Ω, 1/4 W) and pull-down resistor (100 kΩ, 1/4 W) to ground for stability.
  • Connectors: Screw terminals for DC input (positive/negative), coil output (positive/negative), and Arduino interface (PWM signal and ground pins, e.g., 2.54 mm header).
Electrical Constraints and Protection
  • DC input: 12–24 V via screw terminal; design for reverse polarity protection if possible (e.g., diode or fuse footprint).
  • Maximum current: At least 5 A continuous through choke, MOSFET, and traces; include overcurrent protection footprint (e.g., PTC fuse).
  • EMI/Protection: Ensure circuit withstands induced RF voltages (up to 50 V peaks); use star-ground topology at DC return node to minimize ground loops and RF coupling.
  • Switching: Support PWM frequencies up to 1 kHz (Arduino default); ensure no resonance with coil inductance.
  • Efficiency/Safety: Low heat dissipation (target <5 W loss at 5 A); include test points for voltage/current monitoring.
PCB Layout Constraints
  • Layer Stack: 2-layer board with top for components/traces, bottom as continuous ground plane (minimize breaks).
  • High-Current Paths: Use wide traces/pours (≥2–3 mm width, or polygons) for DC+ → choke → coil → MOSFET → GND loop; keep loop area <5 cm² to reduce EMI.
  • Component Placement:
    • Place RF choke and flyback diode close to coil terminals.
    • Place decoupling capacitors close to MOSFET drain/supply node (<10 mm).
    • Keep MOSFET gate trace short (<20 mm) and routed away from high-current/RF paths.
    • Separate Arduino control traces from power paths (use ground pour shielding if needed).
  • Grounding: Star ground at DC negative terminal; connect all grounds (power, signal) to this point.
  • EMI Mitigation: Route sensitive traces (gate, PWM) perpendicular to potential RF fields; add via stitching around ground plane edges.
  • Silkscreen: Clear labeling for all connectors (e.g., "DC_IN +", "COIL_OUT +", "PWM_IN", "GND"); include polarity markings and warnings (e.g., "High Current Path").
Outputs and Deliverables
  • Generate a complete schematic diagram.
  • Provide a fully routed 2-layer PCB layout.
  • Include a BOM with part numbers, values, footprints, and suppliers (e.g., Digi-Key/Mouser links).
  • Export files: KiCad project (.kicad_pro), Gerbers, drill files, pick-and-place, and 3D STEP model.
  • Perform basic DRC/ERC checks and provide a report on EMI considerations, power dissipation simulation (if possible), and any design trade-offs.
  • Explain your design choices, potential improvements, and why it meets EMI/safety requirements.
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please explain what U2 does.
brik81

brik81

@copilot please explain what U2 does.
11mo

copilot

The component U2, with the manufacturer part number AP7331-33WG-7, is a Low-Dropout Regulator (LDO). Here is a brief explanation of its function:
  • Voltage Regulation: The primary function of U2 is to provide a stable output voltage $3.3V$ in this case from a higher input voltage, even with variations in input voltage or load current.
  • Low Dropout Voltage: The LDO’s design allows it to maintain the regulated output voltage with a relatively small difference between input and output voltage, which is the "dropout voltage."
  • Efficiency: Typically, LDOs are used in applications where power efficiency is important, especially when the input to output voltage difference is small.
  • Noise Filtering: LDOs are often used to reduce voltage noise in sensitive electronic circuits.
  • Enable Pin: U2 includes an enable pin, which allows the regulator to be turned on or off. This feature can help conserve power.
In your project, it seems to stabilize the $3.3V$ supply line necessary for various components, ensuring they operate correctly without unexpected drops or fluctuations in voltage. If you have specific areas you would like more detail on, feel free to ask!
11mo
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9
what is this?

copilot

I'm not currently able to talk here. Please message me in the Copilot Tab on the right.
7mo
7mo
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13
what is q2 doing
hammadkeymech0

hammadkeymech0

@copilot what is q2 doing
11mo

copilot

In your project, Q2 is designated as a transistor with the part number RU1C001ZPTL. This specific component is a MOSFET, typically used as a switch or amplifier in electronic circuits.
Based on the provided net connections for Q2, here are some insights into its role:
  • Gate (G): Connects to the net labeled VUSB via a diode D2 and through resistor R10 to the Gate of Q2. This connection suggests that Q2 is controlled by the voltage present in the VUSB net, which could imply conditional powering or enablement based on USB connection status.
  • Source (S): Connects to the "Net 2," which includes various components such as the battery and the charging IC connection for battery voltage input, suggesting control over power management.
  • Drain (D): Connects to the "Net 50," which includes a few resistors and is connected to the negative side of the battery. This indicates that Q2 may act as a switch to disconnect or connect the battery circuit.
Overall, Q2 is likely being used as a power switch that regulates the connection between the USB power or signaling and the battery subsystem, depending on other conditions or controller logic not visible just from these connections.
11mo
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10
what is U4 part number?

copilot

I'm not currently able to talk here. Please message me in the Copilot Tab on the right.
7mo
jen_chocolate888083

jen_chocolate888083

@copilot what is U4 part number?
7mo
Someone is typing...
12
C39
Capacitance
0.1u F
C37
Capacitance
TBD F
C36
Capacitance
TBD F
L2
Inductance
TBD H
SW3
ANT1
R12
Resistance
5.1k Ω
  • Ground
    Ground
    A common return path for electric current. Commonly known as ground.
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    20.5M
  • Net Portal
    Net Portal
    Wirelessly connects nets on schematic. Used to organize schematics and separate functional blocks. To wirelessly connect net portals, give them same designator. #portal
    jharwinbarrozo
    43.0M
  • Power Net Portal
    Power Net Portal
    Wirelessly connects power nets on schematic. Identical to the net portal, but with a power symbol. Used to organize schematics and separate functional blocks. To wirelessly connect power net portals, give them the same designator. #portal #power
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    11.4M
  • Generic Resistor
    Generic Resistor
    A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.5M
  • Generic Capacitor
    Generic Capacitor
    A generic fixed capacitor ideal for rapid circuit topology development. You can choose between polarized and non-polarized types, its symbol and the footprint will automatically adapt based on your selection. Supported options include standard SMD sizes for ceramic capacitors (e.g., 0402, 0603, 0805), SMD sizes for aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and through-hole footprints for polarized capacitors. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.5M
  • Generic Inductor
    Generic Inductor
    A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
    jharwinbarrozo
    15.1k
  • Terminal
    Terminal
    An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.
    natarius
  • RMCF0805JT47K0
    RMCF0805JT47K0
    47 kOhms ±5% 0.125W, 1/8W Chip Resistor 0805 (2012 Metric) Automotive AEC-Q200 Thick Film #forLedBlink
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.2M
  • 875105359001
    875105359001
    10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcan
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.2M
  • CTL1206FYW1T
    CTL1206FYW1T
    Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlink
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    1.1M

Inspect

Biskuit AI: Project Showcase

Biskuit AI: Project Showcase
Description

Created
Last updated by collinsemasi
1 Contributor(s)
collinsemasi

Controls

Properties

Test Plan
Motion & Day/Night Functional Test Plan: 1) Motion Activation: (a) Power board with LED strip and set ambient light to "night" level (cover light sensor). (b) Ensure PIR output low, LED strip off. (c) Trigger motion in PIR FOV; verify LED strip turns on within configured response time and reaches target PWM brightness. (d) Remove motion; confirm LED remains on for configured hold time, then ramps off according to fade profile. (e) Repeat at different PWM duty cycles (min, mid, max) to confirm dimming behavior. 2) Day/Night Behavior: (a) With no motion, sweep ambient light from dark to bright and record ADC/light-sensor values; identify night/day threshold band. (b) Above day threshold, verify PIR motion does NOT turn on LED strip. (c) Below night threshold, verify PIR motion turns LED strip on as in section 1. (d) Test hysteresis: slowly vary light around threshold to confirm no rapid on/off chattering. 3) Edge & Fault Cases: (a) Power-cycle while PIR is active; verify system comes up with LEDs off and resumes normal logic. (b) Simulate continuous motion at night for extended period; verify thermal behavior (MOSFET, PSU) within limits. (c) If manual override (if populated) is engaged, verify LED strip behavior matches documented override mode regardless of motion/light. Record pass/fail and measured values for each step.
LED total wattage
24 W
Domain
Consumer Electronics
Compliance
RoHS, REACH
Operating Voltage
3.3
Operating Temperature
-20 to 50
Reliability Target (MTBF)
10000 hours
Power Requirements
Battery
Connectivity
WiFi, Bluetooth
Human Interface
Button, Display
Battery Lifetime
150hrs
Construction
Aluminum body
Software compatibility
IOS, WINDOWS, ANDROID
LED type
12V constant-voltage white strip
LED dimming capabilities
PWM, 0–100% duty cycle
Description
Biskuit is a compact, ESP32-S3-powered wearable device designed for real-time transcription and effortless note-taking. Featuring a 3-microphone array and wireless communication to sync to to the cloud instantly.
LED wattage
24 W
LED total length
2 m
IP Rating
IP68
Device Input
Microphone Array
LED strip voltage level
12 V

Availability & Pricing

DistributorQty 1
Arrow$4.27–$5.32
Digi-Key$10.27–$10.98
LCSC$10.48–$20.02
Mouser$16.52
Verical$1.58–$6.41

Assets