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• MIC5225-3.3YM5-TR (two instances)
• TLV1117-18IDCYR

• ESP32-S2FN4R2

• VS1053B-L
• OPA2134UA

• 1757242 (J1)
• 0472192001

• Resistors: R1, R2, R3, R4
• Capacitors: C1, C2, ..., C21

• SW2

• Power Source/Battery Connection: Make sure you have all necessary connectors or components to interface with your power supply.
• Additional Sensors or Actuators: Depending on the application, you might need sensors (e.g. temperature, humidity) or output devices (e.g. buzzer, LEDs).
• Debugging Interfaces: Components for programming and debugging the ESP32-S2FN4R2 such as a breakout for JTAG/UART.
• Protection Components: Such as diodes (for reverse voltage protection) or fuses.
• RF Components: If wireless capabilities are utilized, ensure supporting components like antennas are included.

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1. Power Control: You can connect the switch to enable or disable the power of a certain segment of your circuit. Here's how:

   • Connect SW2:C to a power source line that you want to control.
   • Connect SW2:A to the enable pin of a low-dropout regulator (LDO) or a similar component. For instance, if you want to control module U3 (MIC5225-3.3YM5-TR):

     • Connect SW2:A to $U5:EN$, and SW2:C tied to the power source.

2. Control Signal: If you want to control an input signal for processing:

   • Connect SW2:A to any GPIO on IC1.
   • Connect SW2:C to a high logic level or a signal line.

1. Selecting a GPIO Pin: Choose a free GPIO pin on the ESP32-S2FN4R2. For example, you could use $IC1:GPIO0$.
2. Circuit Configuration:

   • Connect one terminal of the button to $IC1:GPIO0$.
   • Connect the other terminal of the button to ground.
   • Include a pull-up resistor (e.g., 10kΩ) between the GPIO pin $IC1:GPIO0$ and VDD (3.3V).

   This configuration ensures the GPIO reads HIGH normally and LOW when the button is pressed.

• Switch Debouncing: Consider implementing software or hardware debouncing for the switch and buttons to avoid erratic signals.
• Use Existing Labels: To keep your schematic organized, ensure that each button and switch connection is labeled clearly to indicate its function.
• Multiple Buttons: If more buttons are needed, replicate the configuration for other GPIO pins.

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• Optocoupler: Choose one that meets your input and output voltage requirements (e.g., PC817).
• Current-limiting Resistor: To limit the current flowing through the LED inside the optocoupler.
• Pull-up Resistor: To ensure a stable logic level when the optocoupler is not activated.

1. Connect the Input Signal:

   • Connect the positive side of your input signal to the anode (positive) of the optocoupler’s input LED.
   • Connect a current-limiting resistor in series with the cathode (negative) of the input LED to ground. Select the resistor value based on your input voltage and desired LED current (typically 5-15 mA).
   • Example Calculation: For a 5V input and a 10 mA LED current with a typical forward voltage of 1.2V for the optocoupler's LED: $R = \frac{V_{\text{in}} - V_f}{I_f} = \frac{5V - 1.2V}{10 \, \text{mA}} = 380 \, \Omega$

2. Interface with the Microcontroller (ESP32-S2FN4R2):

   • Connect the collector of the optocoupler's phototransistor to a VDD (3.3V) via a pull-up resistor (e.g., 10kΩ).
   • Connect the emitter of the phototransistor to ground.
   • Connect the junction between the collector and the pull-up resistor to a GPIO pin on ESP32, e.g., $IC1:GPIO0$.

• Input Side: When an external signal is received, the current flows through the input LED, triggering the optocoupler.
• Output Side: The triggered input LED activates the phototransistor, allowing current to flow from the collector to the emitter. This results in a logic change on the GPIO pin due to voltage at the pull-up resistor: HIGH to LOW.

• Input Side: Connect IN+ to the anode and IN- through a resistor to the cathode.
• Output Side:

  • Connect Optocoupler:Collector to VDD with a pull-up resistor.
  • Connect Optocoupler:Emitter to ground.
  • Connect the Collector's junction to ESP32:GPIO0.

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1. Voltage Supply: Ensure the op-amp you choose can operate with the same supply voltage levels provided to U2.
2. Signal Bandwidth: The op-amp should have a frequency bandwidth that is sufficient for your audio output requirements. Audio applications typically require at least 20 kHz bandwidth.
3. Output Drive Capability: If you plan to drive headphones or speakers directly, the op-amp might need to have sufficient current drive capability.
4. Low Noise: A low noise op-amp is preferable for audio applications to ensure high-quality signal amplification without additional noise.
5. Package Type: Consider the physical space and package type for your PCB layout.

• NE5532: Known for low noise and good audio performance.
• OPA2134: High-performance audio op-amp with very low distortion.
• TL072: JFET-input op-amp that is useful for audio frequency processing.

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1. Summing Resistors:

   • Use two resistors, one for each audio channel (U2:LEFT and U2:RIGHT).
   • For balanced summing, use equal resistor values, e.g., 10kΩ, for both channels.

2. Op-Amp Configuration:

   • Use the op-amp in an inverting summing amplifier configuration.

1. Input Resistors:

   • Connect a resistor (R4) from U2:LEFT to the inverting input (-IN A) of the op-amp U6:(-IN A).
   • Connect another resistor (R5) from U2:RIGHT to the same op-amp input (-IN A).

2. Feedback Resistor:

   • Connect a feedback resistor (R6) from the output (OUT A) of the op-amp U6 to its inverting input (-IN A).
   • Often, this resistor should be equal to the input resistors, e.g., 10kΩ.

3. Non-inverting Input:

   • Connect the non-inverting input (+IN A) of the op-amp U6 to ground.

4. Power Supply:

   • Connect the positive power supply (V+) to U6:(V+).
   • Connect the negative power supply (V-) to U6:(V-).

• Connect U2:LEFT to R4:1.
• Connect U2:RIGHT to R5:1.
• Connect R4:2 and R5:2 to U6:(-IN A).
• Connect U6:(OUT A) to R6:1.
• Connect R6:2 to U6:(-IN A).
• Connect U6:(+IN A) to ground.
• Power U6 with appropriate V+ and V- connections.

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• U2:LEFT pin 46
• U2:RIGHT pin 39

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• OUT A: Pin 1
• OUT B: Pin 7

• The mono summed output would be taken from U6:OUT A:$OUT A$, which is Pin 1.

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1. Op-Amp Pins:

   • The op-amp doesn’t have a direct pin labeled for the ground, but its power supply pins reference the ground of the system.
   • Connect U6:V-:$V-$ (Pin 4) to the negative power supply rail, which is often linked to ground in a single-supply setup.
   • Connect U6:V+:$V+$ (Pin 8) to the positive power supply.

2. Common System Ground:

   • Connect the non-inverting inputs (+IN) and feedback network as necessary to the common system ground, ensuring that all ground connections (such as those from U2 and other components) are tied together to maintain a single reference potential.

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1. Place a Small Cap (e.g., 100nF):

   • Place a decoupling capacitor, typically a ceramic capacitor of around 100nF (0.1µF), as close as possible to each power supply pin of U6.
   • Connect one from U6:V+:$V+$ (Pin 8) to ground.
   • Connect another from U6:V-:$V-$ (Pin 4) to ground.

2. Place a Larger Cap (e.g., 10µF):

   • Optionally, place a larger value capacitor (e.g., 10µF) nearby for additional smoothing if the power supply is noisy or not well regulated.

• Noise Reduction: These capacitors filter out high-frequency noise from the power supply lines.
• Stability: They help maintain stable operation by managing voltage spikes or drops.

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1. Power:

   • Connect appropriate power supply nets of IC1 to ensure it's powered.

2. SPI Communication:

   • MOSI (Master Out Slave In): Connect IC1:GPIO35 to U2:SI.
   • MISO (Master In Slave Out): Connect IC1:GPIO37 to U2:SO.
   • SCK (Clock): Connect IC1:GPIO36 to U2:SCLK.
   • SS (Slave Select): Connect a GPIO pin from the ESP32 to U2:CS.

3. Additional Signals:

   • DREQ (Data Request): Connect U2:DREQ to a GPIO pin on the ESP32 to monitor when the VS1053B is ready to accept more data.

4. Reset:

   • Connect U2:RESET to a GPIO pin to reset U2 programmatically, if needed.

5. Ground:

   • Ensure common ground between both IC1 and U2; connect their ground pins (IC1:EP and U2:GND) to the same ground net.

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• MOSI (Master Out Slave In): $\text{IC1:SPID}$
• MISO (Master In Slave Out): $\text{IC1:SPIQ}$
• SCK (Clock): $\text{IC1:SPICLK}$
• SS (Slave Select): You'll need to set one of the GPIOs to act as SS for your setup.

1. SPI Communication (using dedicated pins):

   • MOSI: Connect $\text{IC1:SPID}$ to $\text{U2:SI}$.
   • MISO: Connect $\text{IC1:SPIQ}$ to $\text{U2:SO}$.
   • SCK: Connect $\text{IC1:SPICLK}$ to $\text{U2:SCLK}$.
   • SS: Connect a GPIO pin from the ESP32 to $\text{U2:~CS~}$.

alfman112

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1. SPI Communication:

   • MOSI (Master Out Slave In): Connect IC1:SPID to U2:SI.
   • MISO (Master In Slave Out): Connect IC1:SPIQ to U2:SO.
   • SCK (Clock): Connect IC1:SPICLK to U2:SCLK.
   • SS (Slave Select): Connect IC1:SPICS0 to U2:CS.

2. Additional Signals:

   • DREQ (Data Request): Connect U2:DREQ to a GPIO pin on the ESP32 to monitor when the VS1053B is ready to accept more data.

3. Reset:

   • Connect U2:RESET to a GPIO pin on the ESP32 to reset U2 programmatically, if needed.

4. Power and Ground: Ensure both devices share a common power supply and ground for proper operation.

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• ESP32-S2 for microcontroller
• Full-size SD card slot for file storage
• Mode selector switch (3 positions)
• Remote and local triggers (2 triggers)

  • Local trigger will have a LED

• Line level audio output (2 channels)

1. ESP32-S2:

   • Controls playback
   • Reads from SD card

2. Triggers:

   • Local button with LED
   • Remote trigger

3. Audio Output:

   • 2 line level outputs for audio

4. Selector Switch:

   • 3 playback modes

• Power Supply:

  • Connect 3.3V to the ESP32-S2's 3.3V pin.
  • Connect GND to the ESP32-S2's GND pin.

• SD Card Interface:

  • Connect the SD card's MOSI to ESP32-S2 GPIO18.
  • Connect the SD card's MISO to ESP32-S2 GPIO19.
  • Connect the SD card's SCK to ESP32-S2 GPIO23.
  • Connect the SD card's CS to ESP32-S2 GPIO5.

• Selector Switch:

  • Use a 3-position switch with common terminal to GND.
  • Connect switch positions to GPIO pins: GPIO12, GPIO14, GPIO27.

• Remote Trigger:

  • Connect one side of a trigger switch to ESP32-S2 GPIO4.
  • Connect the other side to GND.

• Local Trigger with LED:

  • Connect a button between ESP32-S2 GPIO26 and GND.
  • Connect an LED with current limiting resistor from 3.3V to GPIO13.

• DAC:

  • Use ESP32's built-in DAC for simplicity.
  • Connect DAC1 $\text{(GPIO25)}$ and DAC2 $\text{(GPIO26)}$ to line level outputs.

• Software Logic:

  • Configure GPIOs to read the selector switch for mode selection.
  • Implement logic to handle playback based on selected mode and triggers.

• Connect ESP32-S2:

  • 3.3V to ESP32-S2’s 3.3V pin
  • GND to ESP32-S2’s GND pin
  • MOSI to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO18)}$
  • MISO to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO19)}$
  • SCK to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO23)}$
  • CS to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO5)}$

• Connect Selector Switch:

  • Common terminal to GND
  • Switch positions to ESP32-S2 $\text{(GPIO12, GPIO14, GPIO27)}$

• Connect Remote Trigger Button:

  • One side to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO4)}$
  • Other side to GND

• Connect Local Trigger Button and LED:

  • Local button to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO26)}$
  • LED with resistor from 3.3V to ESP32-S2’s $\text{(GPIO13)}$

• Connect Audio Output:

  • DAC1 $\text{(GPIO25)}$ and DAC2 $\text{(GPIO26)}$ to line level outputs

• SD Card:

  • Connect SD: MOSI to ESP32-S2:GPIO18
  • Connect SD: MISO to ESP32-S2:GPIO19
  • Connect SD: SCK to ESP32-S2:GPIO23
  • Connect SD: CS to ESP32-S2:GPIO5

• Selector Switch:

  • Connect switch common terminal to GND
  • Connect position 1 to ESP32-S2:GPIO12
  • Connect position 2 to ESP32-S2:GPIO14
  • Connect position 3 to ESP32-S2:GPIO27

• Remote Trigger Button:

  • Connect button to ESP32-S2:GPIO4 and GND

• Local Trigger Button and LED:

  • Connect local button to ESP32-S2:GPIO26 and GND
  • Connect LED (through a resistor) to ESP32-S2:GPIO13

• Line Level Audio Outputs:

  • Connect DAC1 $\text{(GPIO25)}$ to one audio output
  • Connect DAC2 $\text{(GPIO26)}$ to another audio output

• Power supply connections to the ESP32-S2.
• SD card connections for file storage.
• Selector switch connections for choosing the playback mode.
• Remote and local trigger connections.
• Local button with LED indicator.
• DAC audio outputs for line-level signals.

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1. High-Quality Audio: The VS1053 provides high-quality audio decoding for various formats such as MP3, OGG, AAC, WMA, and WAV.
2. Processing Power: It offloads audio processing from the ESP32-S2, freeing up the MCU for other tasks.
3. Line Level Output: It provides line level audio output, which can simplify the design compared to using the ESP32's built-in DACs.

• ESP32-S2 for microcontroller
• Full-size SD card slot for file storage
• VS1053 audio codec
• Mode selector switch (3 positions)
• Remote and local triggers (2 triggers)

  • Local trigger will have a LED

• 2 line level audio outputs

• Power Supply:

  • Connect 3.3V to the ESP32-S2's 3.3V pin.
  • Connect GND to the ESP32-S2's GND pin.

• SD Card Interface:

  • Connect the SD card's MOSI to ESP32-S2 GPIO18.
  • Connect the SD card's MISO to ESP32-S2 GPIO19.
  • Connect the SD card's SCK to ESP32-S2 GPIO23.
  • Connect the SD card's CS to ESP32-S2 GPIO5.

• VS1053 Interface:

  • Connect VS1053 MOSI to ESP32-S2s GPIO18.
  • Connect VS1053 MISO to ESP32-S2 GPIO19.
  • Connect VS1053 SCK to ESP32-S2 GPIO23.
  • Connect VS1053 CS to ESP32-S2 GPIO15.
  • Connect VS1053 DREQ to ESP32-S2 GPIO21.
  • Connect VS1053 XDCS to ESP32-S2 GPIO22.

• Remote Trigger:

  • Connect one side of a trigger switch to ESP32-S2 GPIO4.
  • Connect the other side to GND.

• Local Trigger with LED:

  • Connect a button between ESP32-S2 GPIO26 and GND.
  • Connect an LED with current-limiting resistor from 3.3V to GPIO13.

• Use a 3-position switch with a common terminal to GND.

  • Connect switch positions to GPIO pins: GPIO12, GPIO14, GPIO27.

• Connect the VS1053's Line Out L and Line Out R to your line-level outputs.

• Connect ESP32-S2:

  • 3.3V to ESP32-S2’s 3.3V pin
  • GND to ESP32-S2’s GND pin

• Connect SD Card:

  • MOSI to ESP32-S2:GPIO18
  • MISO to ESP32-S2:GPIO19
  • SCK to ESP32-S2:GPIO23
  • CS to ESP32-S2:GPIO5

• Connect VS1053:

  • MOSI to ESP32-S2:GPIO18
  • MISO to ESP32-S2:GPIO19
  • SCK to ESP32-S2:GPIO23
  • CS to ESP32-S2:GPIO15
  • DREQ to ESP32-S2:GPIO21
  • XDCS to ESP32-S2:GPIO22

• Connect Selector Switch:

  • Common terminal to GND
  • Switch positions to ESP32-S2:GPIO12, GPIO14, GPIO27

• Connect Remote Trigger Button:

  • Button to ESP32-S2:GPIO4 and GND

• Connect Local Trigger Button and LED:

  • Button to ESP32-S2:GPIO26 and GND
  • LED with resistor from 3.3V to ESP32-S2:GPIO13

• Connect VS1053 Line Out:

  • Line Out L to one line-level output
  • Line Out R to another line-level output

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1. Select an Optocoupler: Choose an optocoupler like the PC817 for the remote input.
2. Connections:

   • Input Side (LED): Connect the anode of the optocoupler's LED to the remote trigger signal and the cathode to a current-limiting resistor, and then to GND.
   • Output Side (Phototransistor): Connect the collector of the optocoupler to GPIO4 of the ESP32-S2 and the emitter to GND.

Plaintext
- Remote Trigger Button (Optocoupler):
  - Connect the anode of the optocoupler LED to the remote trigger signal.
  - Connect the cathode of the optocoupler LED to a current-limiting resistor, then to GND.
  - Connect the collector of the optocoupler's phototransistor to ESP32-S2 GPIO4.
  - Connect the emitter of the optocoupler's phototransistor to GND.

• Connect optocoupler input (LED side):

  • Anode to the remote trigger signal
  • Cathode to current-limiting resistor, then to GND

• Remote Trigger Output (Phototransistor side):

  • Collector to ESP32-S2 GPIO4
  • Emitter to GND

• ESP32-S2: Central microcontroller
• SD Card: Full-size SD card slot
• VS1053: Audio codec
• PC817: Optocoupler for remote trigger input
• 3-Position Switch: Mode selection
• Button with LED: Local trigger with LED indicator
• Resistor: Current-limiting for optocoupler LED
• Line Level Output Connectors: For audio output

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1. ESP32-S2: Typical average current consumption during operation is around 100-200 mA.
2. VS1053: Typical current consumption is about 10-50 mA during audio playback.
3. SD Card: May consume around 50-100 mA during read/write operations.
4. LED: Standard current draw for a typical LED with a current-limiting resistor is around 10-20 mA.
5. Optocoupler (PC817): LED side typically consumes around 10-20 mA when activated; negligible on the phototransistor side.
6. Miscellaneous components: Selector switch, triggers, and resistors consume negligible current.

• ESP32-S2: 100-200 mA
• VS1053: 10-50 mA
• SD Card: 50-100 mA
• LED: 10-20 mA
• Optocoupler: 10-20 mA

• ESP32-S2: $\approx 150 \text{ mA}$
• VS1053: $\approx 30 \text{ mA}$
• SD Card: $\approx 75 \text{ mA}$
• LED: $\approx 15 \text{ mA}$
• Optocoupler: $\approx 15 \text{ mA}$

• Average current consumption: $\approx 285 \text{ mA}$
• Maximum current consumption: $\approx 390 \text{ mA}$

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• Nominal level: around 0.316 V $-10$ dBV) for consumer devices or 1.23 V $+4$ dBu) for professional equipment.
• Impedance: typically 10 kΩ or higher.

• Output Voltage: Around 1.0 Vrms (2.8 Vpp) typical
• Impedance: Approximately 1 kΩ

1. Output Impedance:

   • Although the VS1053 has an output impedance of ~1 kΩ, it is generally good practice to buffer this output with an op-amp to ensure a low output impedance suitable for all connected devices.

2. Voltage Level:

   • The output voltage of around 1 Vrms fits within the common line-level range of consumer and professional audio equipment.

1. Select a dual op-amp such as the LM358 or TL072.
2. Create a simple voltage follower (buffer) for both left and right channels.

• VS1053 Left Line Out to Op-Amp 1 Non-Inverting Input.
• Op-Amp 1 Output to Line-Level Output.
• VS1053 Right Line Out to Op-Amp 2 Non-Inverting Input.
• Op-Amp 2 Output to Line-Level Output.
• Op-Amp V+ to 3.3V power supply.
• Op-Amp V- to GND.

Plaintext
- Op-Amp (e.g., TL072 or LM358):

  - Left Channel:
    - Connect VS1053 Left Line Out (LOUT) to Op-Amp 1 Non-Inverting Input (A+)
    - Connect Op-Amp 1 Output (AOUT) to Left Line-Level Output
  
  - Right Channel:
    - Connect VS1053 Right Line Out (ROUT) to Op-Amp 2 Non-Inverting Input (B+)
    - Connect Op-Amp 2 Output (BOUT) to Right Line-Level Output
  
  - Power Supply: