Common-Emitter Amplifier Simulation
Simulate a common-emitter amplifier using the 2N2222 NPN transistor. Apply a 10mV 1kHz sine wave at the base through a 10µF coupling capacitor, with a 10kΩ/2.2kΩ voltage divider bias from a 12V supply. Use a 1kΩ collector resistor. Plot the output voltage at the collector over 5ms and report the voltage gain.
Worked for 7 sec
I’ll run a standalone SPICE transient simulation using your specified 2N2222 common-emitter values, then extract the collector waveform over 5 ms and estimate voltage gain.
Worked for 4 mins 21 sec
Simulation complete.
Image
Results:
- DC collector bias: ≈ 50.9 mV
- Collector waveform after settling: ≈ 47.4 mV to 57.3 mV
- Output swing: ≈ 9.90 mVpp
- Output AC amplitude: ≈ 4.95 mV peak
- Voltage gain: Av ≈ −0.495 V/V
The gain is low because this bias network drives the 2N2222 into deep saturation: the collector sits near ground instead of near mid-supply, so it is not operating as a linear common-emitter amplifier.
Fix amplifier bias
Add emitter resistor
Compare resistor values
Update schematic circuit
Check existing radio
