1. Microcontroller: ATMEGA328-PU
2. Bluetooth Module: HC-05
3. Motor Driver IC: L293D
4. Voltage Regulator: 7805

• 7805 Setup
  • Connect a suitable battery to $U2:VI$.
  • Connect $U2:GND$ to the ground rail.
  • Connect $U2:VO$ to the 5V rail.

• ATMEGA328-PU Setup
  • Connect $U1:VCC$ to the 5V rail.
  • Connect $U1:GND$ to the ground rail.
  • Connect a 16MHz crystal oscillator between $U1:XTAL1$ and $U1:XTAL2$, and add 22pF capacitors from each XTAL pin to ground.

• HC-05 Setup
  • Connect $U4:12$ to the 3.3V rail (optional if using 3.3V logic, otherwise connect to 5V with voltage dividers on the RX line).
  • Connect $U4:GND$ (any) to the ground rail.
  • Connect $U4:UART-TX$ to $U1:PD0$.
  • Connect $U4:UART-RX$ to $U1:PD1$ (use a resistor voltage divider to step down 5V to 3.3V if necessary).

• L293D Setup
  • Connect $U3:VCC1$ to the 5V rail.
  • Connect $U3:GND$ (all GND pins) to the ground rail.
  • Connect $U3:VCC2$ to the battery voltage (motor power).
  • Connect motor inputs to $U3:1A$ and $U3:2A$.
  • Connect motor outputs to $U3:1Y$ and $U3:2Y$.
  • Connect $U3:EN1,2$ to $U1:PD5$ and $U3:EN3,4$ to $U1:PD6$.

• Connect Battery to $U2:VI$.
• Connect GND: $U2:GND$ to Ground rail.
• Connect 5V Output: $U2:VO$ to 5V rail.
• Connect ATMEGA328-PU VCC: $U1:VCC$ to 5V rail.
• Connect ATMEGA328-PU GND: $U1:GND$ to Ground rail.
• Connect HC-05 VCC: $U4:12$ to 3.3V/5V rail.
• Connect HC-05 GND: $U4:22,13,21$ to Ground rail.
• Connect HC-05 UART-RX: $U4:2$ to $U1:PD0$.
• Connect HC-05 UART-TX: $U4:1$ to $U1:PD1$.
• Connect L293D VCC1: $U3:VCC1$ to 5V rail.
• Connect L293D GND: $U3:4,5,12,13$ to Ground rail.
• Connect L293D VCC2: $U3:VCC2$ to Battery voltage.
• Connect Motor Driver Input1: $U3:1A$ to $U1:PD2$.
• Connect Motor Driver Input2: $U3:2A$ to $U1:PD3$.
• Connect Motor Driver Output1: $U3:1Y$ to Motor1.
• Connect Motor Driver Output2: $U3:2Y$ to Motor2.

1. Power Supply: Use the 7805 voltage regulator to ensure the microcontroller, motor driver, and Bluetooth module all receive the correct voltage.
2. Microcontroller: Use the ATMEGA328-PU to control the car.
3. Motor Driver: Use the L293D to control the DC motors of the car.
4. Bluetooth Module: Use the HC-05 for Bluetooth communication.

1. Power Supply Connections:
   • 7805:
     • Connect $U2:VI$ to the main power source (e.g., battery).
     • Connect $U2:GND$ to the ground.
     • Connect $U2:VO$ to the VCC rail (5V) of the circuit.
2. Microcontroller Connections:
   • Connect $U1:VCC$ and $U1:AVCC$ to the 5V rail.
   • Connect $U1:GND$ and $U1:GND$ to the ground.
   • Connect a 16MHz crystal oscillator between $U1:XTAL1$ and $U1:XTAL2$, with 22pF capacitors from each pin to ground.
3. Motor Driver Connections:
   • Connect the 5V rail to $U3:VCC1$.
   • Connect the motor supply voltage (e.g., 12V) to $U3:VCC2$.
   • Connect ground to $U3:GND$ pins.
   • Connect $U3:EN1,2$ and $U3:EN3,4$ to the PWM pins of the microcontroller for enabling the motors.
   • Connect the motor pins (e.g., M1 to $U3:1Y$ and $U3:2Y$, M2 to $U3:3Y$ and $U3:4Y$) to the actual DC motors.
   • Connect the control pins ($U3:1A$, $U3:2A$, $U3:3A$, $U3:4A$) to the microcontroller's digital I/O pins.
4. Bluetooth Module Connections:
   • Connect $U4:3.3_VCC$ to a 3.3V supply (use a regulator if necessary).
   • Connect $U4:GND$ to the ground.
   • Connect $U4:UART-TX$ to the RX pin of the microcontroller (e.g., $U1:PD0$).
   • Connect $U4:UART-RX$ to the TX pin of the microcontroller (e.g., $U1:PD1$).

• Power Supply:
  • Connect $U2:VI$ to the battery (input voltage).
  • Connect $U2:GND$ to the ground.
  • Connect $U2:VO$ to the 5V rail.
• ATMEGA328 Connections:
  • Connect $U1:VCC$ and $U1:AVCC$ to 5V.
  • Connect $U1:GND$ and $U1:GND$ to the ground.
  • Connect a crystal oscillator and capacitors to $U1:XTAL1$ and $U1:XTAL2$.
• L293D Connections:
  • Connect $U3:VCC1$ to 5V.
  • Connect $U3:VCC2$ to the motor voltage.
  • Connect $U3:GND$ pins to the ground.
  • Connect motor driver enable pins ($U3:EN1,2$ and $U3:EN3,4$) to the microcontroller's PWM pins.
  • Connect motor output pins ($U3:1Y$, $U3:2Y$, $U3:3Y$, $U3:4Y$) to motors.
  • Connect motor control pins ($U3:1A$, $U3:2A$, $U3:3A$, $U3:4A$) to the microcontroller's digital pins.
• HC-05 Connections:
  • Connect $U4:3.3_VCC$ to 3.3V.
  • Connect $U4:GND$ to the ground.
  • Connect $U4:UART-TX$ to $U1:PD0$ (RX).
  • Connect $U4:UART-RX$ to $U1:PD1$ (TX).

graph TD
    A[Microcontroller \n ATMega328-PU]
    
    A1[Power Supply]
    A2[Clock Circuit]
    A3[Digital I/O Ports]
    A4[Analog to Digital Converter]
    A5[RESET]
    A6[Ground Pins]

    A1 --> A
    A2 --> A
    A3 --> A
    A4 --> A
    A5 --> A
    A6 --> A

    subgraph "Power Supply"
        B7[VCC  \n Pin 7]
        B20[AVCC \n Pin 20]
        B22[Ground \n Pin 22]
        B8[Ground \n Pin 8]
    end

    subgraph "Clock Circuit"
        B9[XTAL1 \n Pin 9]
        B10[XTAL2 \n Pin 10]
    end
    
    subgraph "Digital I/O Ports"
        B2[PD0 \n Pin 2]
        B3[PD1 \n Pin 3]
        B4[PD2 \n Pin 4]
        B5[PD3 \n Pin 5]
        B6[PD4 \n Pin 6]
        B11[PD5 \n Pin 11]
        B12[PD6 \n Pin 12]
        B13[PD7 \n Pin 13]
        B14[PB0 \n Pin 14]
        B15[PB1 \n Pin 15]
        B16[PB2 \n Pin 16]
        B17[PB3 \n Pin 17]
        B18[PB4 \n Pin 18]
        B19[PB5 \n Pin 19]
    end

    subgraph "Analog to Digital Converter"
        B23[PC0 \n Pin 23]
        B24[PC1 \n Pin 24]
        B25[PC2 \n Pin 25]
        B26[PC3 \n Pin 26]
        B27[PC4 \n Pin 27]
        B28[PC5 \n Pin 28]
    end

    subgraph "Reset"
        B1[RESET \n Pin 1]
    end

    subgraph "Ground Pins"
        B22[Ground \n Pin 22]
        B8[Ground \n Pin 8]
    end

    A1 --> B7
    A1 --> B20
    A1 --> B8
    A1 --> B22
    
    A2 --> B9
    A2 --> B10
    
    A3 --> B2
    A3 --> B3
    A3 --> B4
    A3 --> B5
    A3 --> B6
    A3 --> B11
    A3 --> B12
    A3 --> B13
    A3 --> B14
    A3 --> B15
    A3 --> B16
    A3 --> B17
    A3 --> B18
    A3 --> B19
    
    A4 --> B23
    A4 --> B24
    A4 --> B25
    A4 --> B26
    A4 --> B27
    A4 --> B28

    A5 --> B1

    A6 --> B8
    A6 --> B22

• Motor control for driving.
• Steering control.
• Obstacle detection using sensors.
• Speed control.
• Wireless communication for remote control.

• Motor Driver IC: Like L298N or DRV8833 to control the motors.
• Motors: DC motors or servo motors for driving and steering.
• Sensors: Ultrasonic sensors (like HC-SR04) for obstacle detection.
• Power Supply: Batteries or a power module to power the components.
• Communication Modules: Bluetooth or RF module for remote control.
• Chassis and Wheels: A structure to mount the components and wheels for movement.

• Power Connections:
  • Connect $U1:7$ (VCC) to your 5V power supply.
  • Connect $U1:8$ (GND) to the ground of your power supply.
  • Connect $U1:20$ (AVCC) to the 5V power supply.
  • Connect $U1:22$ (GND) to the ground of your power supply.
• Motor Driver Connections (assuming L298N):
  • Connect $L298N:IN1$, $IN2$, $IN3$, $IN4$ to $U1:14$, $U1:15$, $U1:16$, and $U1:17$ respectively.
• Ultrasonic Sensor Connections (assuming HC-SR04):
  • Connect $HC-SR04:TRIG$ to $U1:9$ (PB1).
  • Connect $HC-SR04:ECHO$ to $U1:10$ (PB2).
• Bluetooth Module Connections (assuming HC-05):
  • Connect $HC-05:TXD$ to $U1:3$ (PD1).
  • Connect $HC-05:RXD$ to $U1:2$ (PD0).