WiFi Water Flow Meter Design

flux

I’m blocked because execution credits are exhausted, so I can’t modify the schematic or add components in this run.
Current project state:
  • No schematic changes were made.
  • Project is still empty: 0 components, 0 nets.
  • No datasheets, component library searches, wiring, or validation checks were performed.
What remains to be done when credits are available:
  1. Rename/describe the project appropriately, e.g. “WiFi USB-C RS485 Water Flow Meter”.
  2. Create a power architecture:
    • USB-C 5 V input with CC resistors.
    • USB ESD protection.
    • Input fuse/polyfuse.
    • 5 V to 12 V boost converter for the RS485 ultrasonic sensor.
    • 5 V or 12 V to 3.3 V regulator for ESP32 and logic.
    • Proper input/output capacitors and decoupling.
  3. Add ESP32 module:
    • 3.3 V supply decoupling.
    • EN/reset network.
    • Boot/programming strapping.
    • UART programming header.
    • WiFi antenna keepout notes for layout.
  4. Add RS485 sensor interface:
    • RS485 transceiver powered at 3.3 V or 5 V depending on chosen part.
    • A/B differential pair connector to external ultrasonic sensor.
    • TVS/ESD protection on RS485 lines.
    • Biasing and termination as appropriate.
    • 12 V sensor power output connector.
  5. Add indicators:
    • Power LED.
    • WiFi/status LED.
    • Flow activity LED.
  6. Add connectors:
    • USB-C input.
    • External sensor connector carrying 12 V, GND, RS485 A, RS485 B.
    • UART programming/debug header.
  7. Verify:
    • Datasheet-recommended circuits for every IC.
    • Power budget, especially USB-C 15 W versus 12 V sensor current.
    • ERC review.
    • No unconnected IC power pins.
    • Decoupling on every active IC.
  8. Create project documentation:
    • System specification.
    • Power budget.
    • Firmware pin map.
    • Board bring-up/test plan.
Important design note: the requirement says the ultrasonic sensor is powered from 12 V, while the board input is USB-C 5 V/15 W. That means the design needs a 5 V-to-12 V boost converter sized for the sensor current. The sensor’s actual current requirement is needed to select the boost converter safely.
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