Power Budget - 64x USB-C 5V Green LED Array
LED selection
- LED: SunLED XZMDKVG55W-4, 3.2 mm x 1.6 mm / 1206 bi-color red/green SMD LED.
- Using green emitter characteristics from datasheet.
- Green forward voltage: 2.1 V typical at 20 mA, 2.5 V maximum at 20 mA.
- Green forward current rating: 30 mA absolute maximum; design current selected: 20 mA per LED because datasheet optical/electrical characteristics are specified at 20 mA.
Series resistor calculation
Nominal resistor from 5 V input:
R = (5.0 V - 2.1 V) / 0.020 A = 145 ohms
Selected standard value: 150 ohms.
Nominal LED current with 150 ohms:
I = (5.0 V - 2.1 V) / 150 ohms = 19.3 mA
Worst-case low current at Vf(max)=2.5 V:
I = (5.0 V - 2.5 V) / 150 ohms = 16.7 mA
Resistor dissipation at nominal:
P = I^2 * R = 0.0193^2 * 150 = 0.056 W
Use >=0.125 W resistors; 0.25 W provides additional margin in 1206.
USB-C input current
64 LEDs at 20 mA design current:
I_total = 64 * 20 mA = 1.28 A
Using 150 ohms at nominal Vf gives approximately:
I_total = 64 * 19.3 mA = 1.24 A
USB-C connector selected is rated 5 A collectively on VBUS and 6.25 A collectively on GND, so the connector contacts are adequate. However, a non-PD USB-C sink with only Rd pull-downs must be powered from a source that advertises at least 1.5 A at 5 V. Default-current USB ports may not support the full LED load.