SNSPD PCB Slot


PCB Release Notes — Current Revision
Project: Cryogenic DC-Coupled SNSPD Readout
Status: Engineering prototype; not approved for production or cryostat installation
Current design
  • PCB: 48 × 30 mm, four layers
  • Primary ground reference: solid L2 GND plane
  • SNSPD: centered 6 × 6 mm, two-terminal placeholder
    • Top-left pad: SIGNAL → VIN
    • Bottom-right pad: RETURN → GND
    • 7 × 7 mm die-attach area
    • Top illumination required
  • Bias path: J1 → R5 (100 kΩ) → L1 (4.7 µH) → VIN
  • Input network: AC-coupling capacitor into the OPA855 input and R4 = 50 Ω termination
  • Amplifier: OPA855
  • Feedback: R1 = 453 Ω, R2 = 75 Ω
    • Nominal closed-loop gain: 7.04 V/V
    • Equivalent gain: 16.95 dB
  • Output: VOUT → J2, with R3 = 200 Ω to GND
  • Supply inputs: J3 = positive rail, J4 = negative rail
  • Current intended operating rails: +2.5 V and −2.5 V
  • RF traces: VIN and VOUT, nominally 0.180 mm on L1, referenced to L2 GND
  • Latest reported routing status: zero airwires, dangling traces, and active ERC/DRC errors
Important hold points
  1. OPA855 decoupling is unresolved.
    The previous supply capacitors were removed. Exact local bypass requirements must be verified directly from the OPA855 device datasheet before release. A multi-GHz amplifier should not be fabricated without an approved supply-decoupling implementation.
  2. Stackup is provisional.
    The current “PCBWay Custom” stackup is not an approved PCB Power India stackup. Obtain:
    • exact four-layer construction
    • finished copper thicknesses
    • L1–L2 dielectric thickness and Dk
    • recommended L1 width for 50 Ω
    • impedance tolerance and coupon/test availability
  3. SNSPD footprint remains provisional.
    Confirm:
    • real die dimensions and thickness
    • exact bond-pad coordinates and metallurgy
    • signal and return pad locations
    • backside electrical requirements
    • approved die-attach material
  4. Wire-bond finish is unresolved.
    The PCB pads are exposed top-copper lands with solder paste suppressed. Select ENIG, ENEPIG, or soft gold only after agreement between the SNSPD supplier, bonding laboratory, and PCB Power.
  5. OptiCool mechanics remain provisional.
    • Board fits the nominal pod envelope in 2D.
    • Mounting-hole coordinates are not verified.
    • RF/DC feedthrough mating geometry and cable clearance are not confirmed.
    • Do not add or drill mounting holes from assumed dimensions.
  6. Cryogenic qualification is not established.
    • OPA855 operation on this exact PCB at 4 K is unverified.
    • L1 inductance, Q, self-resonance, and DC resistance at 4 K are unverified.
    • Connector, laminate, solder, adhesive, and capacitor behavior at 4 K require validation.
    • Results from the referenced paper do not automatically qualify this exact BOM or thermal arrangement.
Simulation status
  • Behavioral U1 transient:
    • J1 = 1.5 V
    • nominal bias = 15 µA
    • switching threshold = 20 µA
    • J3/J4 = ±2.5 V
    • measured transient gain ≈ 7.025 V/V
  • This was not a verbatim TI OPA855 macro-model simulation.
  • The supplied TI .sub file is valid, but the built-in simulator cannot access uploaded include files.
  • The photon event was represented as an electrical hotspot surrogate, not an optical-field simulation.
Required release sequence
  1. Verify the OPA855 device-datasheet bypass network and restore the required local components.
  2. Obtain and apply PCB Power’s production stackup.
  3. Recalculate/tune VIN and VOUT for 50 Ω.
  4. Confirm SNSPD and wire-bond process data.
  5. Verify OptiCool mounting and connector geometry.
  6. Run fresh ERC, DRC, airwire, return-path, keepout, and Gerber inspections.
  7. Generate new Gerbers, drill files, IPC-D-356, BOM, and pick-and-place files.
  8. Submit to PCB Power for CAM/DFM review.
  9. Order a small bare-board/prototype quantity first.
Do not use earlier manufacturing exports: they predate major changes including the two-pad SNSPD footprint, routing updates, capacitor removal, L1 addition, and R3 output load.
hi
Hi. The PCB is currently at the engineering-prototype stage, with supply decoupling, PCB Power stackup, SNSPD bonding requirements, and OptiCool mechanics still to be finalized before manufacturing release.
Check datasheet decoupling
Export release files
Review OptiCool fit

DIE1
J4
J3
J2
J1
R3
Resistance
200Ω
L1
Inductance
4.7µH
R1
Resistance
453Ω
OPA855: ±4.9 V is experimental cryogenic operation only; total supply exceeds the 5.5 V datasheet absolute maximum. NEVER apply ±4.9 V at room temperature. SNSPD bias: use J1 SNSPD_BIAS through R5=100 kΩ; target about 1.4–1.5 V for approximately 14–15 µA (Isw=16 µA), not 2 V/100 kΩ.
R4
Resistance
50Ω
R2
Resistance
75Ω
R5
Resistance
100kΩ
U1
TP3
TP1
TP2
C1
SNSPD Wire-Bond Interface Guide
WARNING — PLACEHOLDER, NOT FABRICATION-QUALIFIED: The die-pad coordinates and real terminal map are unknown, and this geometry is based on explicit assumptions only. P1 and P2 now carry the provisional readout-model mapping described below; the other pads remain intentionally unconnected. Do not release for fabrication or bonding until every assumed value is replaced by detector-maker and bonding-lab approved data.
Implemented placeholder
The former educational two-pad PRACTICE SNSPD geometry was replaced by a configurable ten-terminal bare-die wire-bond interface. The later readout correction preserved all mechanical geometry but provisionally connected P1 to VIN and P2 to GND for the uploaded four-terminal SPICE model. P3/P4 remain simulation-only NC, and P5-P10 remain intentional NC.
The requested center (-13.0, -8.0) mm was translated upward by the smallest practical amount, 0.2 mm, because the proposed envelope bottom at y = -13.0 mm touched the top of the lower-left mounting-hole copper. The implemented interface center is (-13.0, -7.8) mm.
A true enforced placement/copper/via keepout was not added. Flux keepout-capable copper objects would also conflict with or exclude the ten intended pads inside the same area. The 10 × 10 mm dashed Top Overlay working envelope is documentation only and is not enforced.
Assumptions table

Table


ParameterAssumed nowReplace with real valueSource needed
Bare-die outline6.0 × 6.0 mmApproved nominal dimensions, tolerances, edge condition and datumDetector mechanical drawing
Die outline layerTop Overlay/documentation onlyApproved assembly/documentation representationDetector maker + assembly drawing standard
Copper die paddleNoneAdd only if backside electrical and die-attach requirements demand itDetector backside specification + bonding lab
Terminal count10Actual terminal/bond-pad countDetector bond-pad drawing
Terminal arrangementTwo opposing PCB rows; five left, five rightDatum-based arrangement matching real die pads and tool accessDetector drawing + bonding-lab review
Left numberingP1–P5, top-to-bottomReal terminal names/polarityDetector electrical pin map
Right numberingP6–P10, bottom-to-topReal terminal names/polarityDetector electrical pin map
Perimeter numbering directionCounterclockwiseApproved package/die numbering conventionDetector drawing
PCB bond-pad copper0.8 mm X × 0.4 mm Y, rectangleBonding-lab-approved land size, shape and finishBonding-lab process specification
Pad type/layerTop Copper SMD, no drill, Top onlyApproved substrate/layer constructionBonding lab + PCB fabricator
Pad pitch1.0 mm in YPitch derived from actual die-pad coordinates and fanoutDetector bond-pad coordinates
Die-edge to nearest PCB-pad copper gap0.4 mmDatum-based distance supporting actual wire loops and attach filletDetector drawing + bonding lab
Solder-mask expansion+0.05 mmApproved mask opening or mask prohibitionBonding lab + PCB fabricator
Solder-paste expansion-0.25 mmVerified zero-paste implementation for final land geometryPCB fabricator and manufacturing export review
Paste apertureSuppressedConfirm no Top Paste aperture in final Gerber/ODB++Fabricator CAM review
Vias in bond padsNoneAdd only if explicitly approved; normally keep bond lands via-freeBonding lab + signal-integrity review
Electrical connectionProvisional: P1 = SPICE drain on VIN, P2 = SPICE source to GND, P3/P4 simulation-only NC, P5-P10 NCApproved detector-to-readout net assignmentDetector pin map + circuit review
Nominal later bond-wire target≤1.5 mmActual maximum wire length and loop profileBonding-lab process window
Die-pad locations representedNoExact coordinates, sizes, openings and metallizationDetector bond-pad drawing
Working/tool envelope10 × 10 mm centered at (-13.0, -7.8) mmActual capillary/wedge, fixture and optical clearanceBonding lab
Envelope enforcementDocumentation only; not enforcedRobust placement/copper/via keepout compatible with intended padsFlux/tool capability + bonding-lab clearance
Pin-1 indicationCircle and PIN 1 label adjacent to P1Approved die orientation markDetector drawing
Placeholder positionCenter (-13.0, -7.8) mmFinal datum-based locationBoard mechanical and bonding fixture drawing
Implemented geometry and extents
  • Die outline: x = -16.0…-10.0 mm, y = -10.8…-4.8 mm.
  • Working envelope: x = -18.0…-8.0 mm, y = -12.8…-2.8 mm.
  • Left pad centers: x = -16.8 mm; y = -9.8, -8.8, -7.8, -6.8, -5.8 mm.
  • Right pad centers: x = -9.2 mm; y = -9.8, -8.8, -7.8, -6.8, -5.8 mm.
  • Every pad is 0.8 × 0.4 mm, rectangular, Top Copper SMD, connectedLayers = Top, mask expansion +0.05 mm, paste expansion -0.25 mm.
  • Horizontal die-edge-to-pad copper gap is (0.8 mm row offset) − (0.4 mm pad half-width) = 0.4 mm on each side.
  • Adjacent pad-center pitch is 1.0 mm in Y.
  • The envelope bottom is 0.2 mm above the top of MH2 mounting-hole copper at y = -13.0 mm.
Pin numbering

Text


                TOP

 PIN 1→P1  [ ]         [ ]  P10
        P2  [ ]         [ ]  P9
LEFT    P3  [ ]  DIE    [ ]  P8    RIGHT
        P4  [ ]  6×6    [ ]  P7
        P5  [ ]         [ ]  P6

              BOTTOM
Numbering proceeds counterclockwise around the die perimeter: P1 → P5 top-to-bottom on the left, then P6 → P10 bottom-to-top on the right. The PCB includes endpoint labels P1, P5, P6, P10, a dedicated PIN 1 text label, and a circular pin-1 marker.
Read-back pad records

Table


TerminalLayout node UIDCenter (mm)
P1109f365d-5eeb-425d-834a-c91e10ad5692(-16.8, -5.8)
P28043fea9-baaa-4aac-a610-da281ee20bac(-16.8, -6.8)
P37acd0432-a5ef-4b8d-8822-932b4b3bb990(-16.8, -7.8)
P493b15aed-3615-4a9e-8705-01e0ae5eeb6c(-16.8, -8.8)
P5ae0c4c8a-3ab3-4411-b58c-77beb67ed3d1(-16.8, -9.8)
P69b59ca4b-7cea-4a5a-8109-f539cb0b5bae(-9.2, -9.8)
P7add62d7c-2f5f-4c1e-82e9-d70ad21f4425(-9.2, -8.8)
P852ffe0c0-e85e-48d3-a05e-c639843f0b3f(-9.2, -7.8)
P97209122e-60f9-41ec-86f6-bb48e553a002(-9.2, -6.8)
P109525f95f-5b6f-415d-8047-bdac0444a17b(-9.2, -5.8)
Exact Flux workflow for future changes
  1. Inspect before editing
    • Use PCB layout 2D/scene-tree inspection with components, pads, vias, routes, overlays and board outline visible.
    • Record full-project DRC results before editing so unrelated pre-existing findings remain distinguishable.
  2. Change die size
    • Select layout node ASSUMED SNSPD Bare Die Outline 6x6mm.
    • Change rectangle start/end offsets symmetrically around its center, or set a new rectangle size.
    • Keep the node on Top Overlay; never change it to copper unless the backside requirement is known and explicitly approved.
  3. Change terminal count
    • Add or delete footprint pad nodes under DIE1 using PCB layout-node operations.
    • Rename every pad explicitly (SNSPD Pn Bond Pad).
    • Recalculate numbering, endpoint labels and the pin-1 marker. Treat the present P1/P2 connectivity as provisional and replace it only from an approved terminal map.
  4. Change pad dimensions
    • For each intended pad UID, set sizeX and sizeY, or recreate with geometry.size.
    • Keep padShape = rectangle, padHoleType = SMD, layer = Top Copper, and connectedLayers = Top unless approved data requires otherwise.
  5. Change pitch
    • Keep each row at a constant X position.
    • Set successive Y centers from the selected datum using the approved pitch. Verify center-to-center differences from read-back coordinates rather than relying on the requested values.
  6. Change pad-row positions and die-edge gap
    • Set left and right row X centers from the die edges and pad half-widths: row X = die edge ± (required copper gap + pad sizeX/2).
    • Set Y positions from actual die-pad coordinates and bond-tool approach, not from the outline alone.
  7. Change mask opening
    • Set each pad’s solderMaskExpansion to the approved positive, zero or negative value.
    • Inspect Top Solder Mask and confirm the resulting opening dimensions in manufacturing output.
  8. Suppress paste
    • Set solderPasteMaskExpansion sufficiently negative that both resulting aperture dimensions are non-positive. For the current 0.8 × 0.4 mm pads, -0.25 mm contracts each edge and fully suppresses the limiting 0.4 mm dimension.
    • Verify Top Solder Paste in Gerber/ODB++; do not rely only on editor appearance.
  9. Change envelope or implement keepout
    • Resize/reposition SNSPD 10x10mm Working Envelope on Top Overlay for documentation.
    • Implement a real keepout only if it can exclude unrelated pads, vias, copper and components while explicitly allowing the ten intended lands. Re-run keepout/protected-intrusion DRC. If that cannot be represented robustly, keep the overlay envelope and state clearly that it is not enforced.
  10. Re-label and verify
    • Keep all silk text at least 0.8 mm high and clear of copper, pads, holes and board edges.
    • Read back pad UIDs, positions, sizes, layers, mask/paste expansions, connected layers and any net/trace associations.
    • Run full-project DRC for overlaps, floating copper, invalid layers, dangling traces, board bounds, pad access, edge placement, keepouts and protected intrusions.
Exact data to request before fabrication
Detector maker
  • Die nominal size, outline tolerance, thickness, edge condition, orientation mark and mechanical datum.
  • Complete die bond-pad coordinates, dimensions, pitch, passivation openings and metallization stack.
  • Terminal names, functions, polarity, detector bias/return arrangement and ESD handling requirements.
  • Backside/substrate electrical requirement, backside metallization and whether conductive die attach or a backside bond is required.
  • Approved die-attach material, bond-line thickness, cure cycle, placement tolerance and cryogenic/vacuum compatibility.
  • Optical-access requirements: active-area location, field of view, fiber/beam clearance, allowable obstruction and contamination limits.
  • Thermal-cycling limits, operating temperature, magnetic/thermal restrictions and acceptance tests.
Bonding laboratory
  • Wire material, diameter and bond method: wedge, ball, ribbon or other.
  • Approved PCB bond-pad dimensions, shape, pitch, orientation, metallization and surface finish.
  • Approved PCB finish and finish-thickness/roughness limits.
  • Maximum wire length, loop height, loop profile, crossing restrictions and allowable approach angle.
  • Tool/capillary/wedge clearance, fixture/clamp clearance and optical inspection access.
  • Die-attach adhesive/process, cure profile, cleanliness, plasma cleaning and outgassing requirements.
  • Maximum bond force, ultrasonic energy, temperature and die handling limits.
  • Cryogenic and vacuum compatibility of wire, finish, adhesive, cleaning process and any encapsulant.
  • Pull-test, shear-test, visual-inspection, rework and process-qualification criteria.
Fabrication gate
  • Replace every assumption with controlled drawing data.
  • Confirm real die-pad map, terminal names and polarity.
  • Confirm backside electrical and die-attach requirements.
  • Confirm approved wire, pad metallurgy, PCB finish and bonding method.
  • Confirm actual wire length/loop height and tool clearance.
  • Confirm optical access and cryogenic/vacuum compatibility.
  • Create approved schematic connectivity and re-evaluate the high-frequency detector path.
  • Verify zero paste and mask openings in Gerber/ODB++.
  • Run and resolve manufacturing DRC with the actual geometry.
  • Obtain written detector-maker and bonding-lab approval.
STOP: THE CURRENT P1/P2 ELECTRICAL ASSIGNMENT AND ALL TEN-PAD MECHANICAL ASSUMPTIONS ARE NOT FABRICATION-QUALIFIED.
  • Implemented placeholder

  • Assumptions table

  • Implemented geometry and extents

  • Pin numbering

  • Read-back pad records

  • Exact Flux workflow for future changes

  • Exact data to request before fabrication

  • Detector maker

  • Bonding laboratory

  • Fabrication gate