Power net portal is a special schematic object used to define a power or ground net. Power ports allow you to conveniently indicate a power net at any location in the design. Power nets of the same designator automatically connect throughout your design #portal #power
A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
In the Flux.ai browser-based interface, you can export your schematic diagram by following these steps:
Navigate to the project where your schematic is located.
Go to the schematic design view.
Look for the Export option in the toolbar, which is usually located on the top right corner or it can also be in the main menu depending on the interface version.
Click the Export button. This may open a dropdown menu.
In the dropdown menu, select "Schematic" or an equivalent option. This should open a save dialog.
Choose the format you want for the export. You usually have options like PDF, PNG, SVG or DXF.
Click on Save or Export. The schematic will then be downloaded to your local disk in the chosen format.
Please note that these steps can vary slightly depending on the specific user interface version of Flux.ai that you are using.
Performing Electronic Rule Check (ERC) in a tool like Flux.ai involves the following steps:
Creating a rule set: The first step towards ERC is creating a rule set or loading an existing one. These rules define the parameters the ERC will check for. An example could be checking if all the pins are connected or if the power rails are properly defined and connected.
Running the ERC: This is typically a menu command or a button in the ERC or design validation part of the interface. This will scan your entire schematic with the rules defined in the first step.
Reviewing and fixing errors/warnings: After you run the ERC, the tool will provide you a list of errors and/or warnings that it has found. Each warning or error can be clicked on to navigate to the issue in the schematic. From here, you can determine the necessary corrections to ensure the smooth operation of the circuit.
Re-running the ERC: After fixing the found issues, you need to re-run the ERC to ensure that all the possible issues have been resolved. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the tool found no errors or warnings.
Remember, the ERC can't check everything and nothing replaces a proper manual review of your design. For example, ERC can't definitively determine power consumption or heat dissipation issues, which are crucial to a successful hardware design.
Given that Flux.ai is a browser-based tool, your project data is typically saved automatically as you work, eliminating the need for a separate save operation.
As for performing ERC, Flux doesn't directly support Electronic Rule Check (ERC) yet as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2023. However, you can use your designed schematic in Flux to perform ERC in another tool that supports it. Here are the general steps:
Export as an appropriate format: Flux supports various export formats, including AutoCAD (DXF), Gerber (RS-274X), and PDF. You would need to export in a format compatible with an Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tool that has ERC functionality.
Import into an EDA tool: Next, import your exported file into an EDA tool that supports ERC, such as KiCad, Altium, or Eagle.
Perform the ERC: Now, you can perform an ERC in the EDA tool. This often involves setting up the ERC rules, running the check, and attending to any warnings or errors.
Make corrections: If necessary, make corrections in Flux, re-export, and re-run the ERC.
Keep in mind that working in this way can be a bit cumbersome. The preferred method is to use an EDA tool that natively supports the ERC functionality. If there's a specific tool you'd like help with, please let me know!
1y
@copilot check the connections and what is remainning to do tell it
Here's a summary of connections I was able to gather from the project description:
The SDA pin of U2 and PB9 pin of U1 are connected.
The GND of U2 and U3 are connected.
The VIN of U2 and VDD of U1 are connected.
The PE4 of U1 is connected to TXD0 of ESP1.
The TRIG of US1 is connected to PE2 of U1.
The VCC of US1 is connected to VDD of U1.
The GND of SL1 is connected to VSS of U1.
From what I can see, some other components are not yet connected:
The STM32H743XIH6 (U1) has many other pins unconnected apart from those that have been listed.
The ESP32-DEVKITC (ESP1) also has unconnected pins.
The nRF24L01 module (U4) has no connections mentioned.
The Buzzer (BZ1), LED (LED1), etc. have no connections mentioned.
The NEO-6M-GPS (U3) has many pins unconnected apart from those that have been listed.
For the remaining tasks:
Depending on the function of your project, you may want to connect other relevant GPIO pins of the microcontrollers to the remaining components, or attach other necessary hardware.
You should plan to connect all Ground (GND) pins and Power (VCC, 3.3V, VIN etc.) pins to a common point in order to establish a common reference for all digital signals and power.
Additional components such as pull-up resistors, capacitors for decoupling, a power supply filtering capacitor, etc., may be needed depending on the specifics of your design.
Always ensure that your components are connected according to their datasheet recommendations, especially for power and communication pins.
The above steps require detailed knowledge about the specific functionality of your project, so for more detailed help, I will need a more specific description about what the project is supposed to do.
Sure, let's start with the NRF24L01 (U4), it's a commonly used module for wireless communication. Here's a typical connection scheme for this module:
Connect the GND pin on U4 to the ground net of your circuit (The GND net that includes SL1:GND and U1:VSS).
Connect VDD on U4 to a 3.3V power source (This could be SL1:3.3V, as long as SL1 is a power source or voltage regulator providing 3.3V).
You will need to connect the ~CSN, CE, SCK, MOSI, MISO pins to suitable GPIOs on your STM32 or ESP32 microcontroller (For example: U1:PB1 to U4:~CSN, U1:PB2 to U4:CE, U1:PB3 to U4:SCK, U1:PB5 to U4:MOSI, U1:PB4 to U4:MISO). It's beneficial to use SPI compatible pins on your microcontroller for this purpose.
The ~IRQ pin can be connected to an interrupt-enabled pin on your microcontroller if you wish to use interrupt-driven communication. If not, it can be left unconnected.
Now, let's consider Ultrasound Module HC-SR04 (US1 and US2):
Connect the VCC pin on US1 and US2 to a 5V power source (Most likely, SL1; make sure it provides 5V).
Connect the GND pin on US1 and US2 to the ground net (same GND that includes SL1:GND and U1:VSS).
On each of HC-SR04 modules (US1 and US2): Connect TRIG to a suitable GPIO (like U1:PE0 for US1 and U1:PE1 for US2) and ECHO to another suitable GPIO (like U1:PE6 for US1 and U1:PE7 for US2).
And for ESP32-DEVKITC (ESP1):
Connect EN to 3.3V (SL1:3.3V).
Connect IO0 to GND via a pull-down resistor (10k would work), and IO2 to 3.3V (SL1:3.3V) through a pull-up resistor.
Connect GND to common ground net (same GND net as above).
These are just starting points based on typical usage. You may need to adjust these connections based on the specifics of your application. If you're using specific peripherals, make sure to connect the corresponding pins to their respective signals. Finally, all unconnected pins of all components must be verified whether they need default states (like pulled up or down) or can be left floating.
The connections mentioned thus far are as follows:
The SDA pin of U2 and PB9 pin of U1 are connected.
GND of U2 and U3 are connected.
VIN of U2 and VDD of U1 are connected.
PE4 of U1 is connected to TXD0 of ESP1.
TRIG of US1 is connected to PE2 of U1.
VCC of US1 is connected to the VDD of U1.
GND of SL1 is connected to VSS of U1.
The NRF24L01 (U4) is configured for SPI operation and its power pins are hooked up.
Both Ultrasound Module HC-SR04 (US1 and US2) units are powered and the trigger and echo pins are connected to the STM32.
The ESP32_EN pin is powered by 3.3V and IO0, IO2 are set via pull-up and pull-down resistors.
From the information provided, these connections seem to be correct. However, an important note to consider is that connections mainly depend on how you have programmed your microcontrollers to utilize their hardware peripherals, such as the SPI bus or UART.
I definitely recommend reviewing your schematic while having all the datasheets open for all the parts used in your circuit. This will allow you to double-check all the connections and make sure you consider any specific requirements or recommendations in the datasheets.
Also, don't forget to perform an electrical rule check (ERC) on your schematic in Flux. It is a great tool to detect missing connections, incorrect pin types, unconnected nets, etc.
The Electrical Rules Check (ERC) is a crucial function in any EDA (Electronics Design Automation) software like Flux.ai. It helps in identifying connection errors, such as input connected to another input, output connected to multiple outputs etc., thus reducing the risk of damaging parts due to wrong connections.
Unfortunately, as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2023, Flux.ai software does not provide an Electrical Rules Check (ERC) function directly. However, if this feature is introduced in the future, you will likely find it by going to the top menus or via a specific tool or button on the workspace depending on how the feature is implemented.
Until then, here's a manual method that you can use:
Look for pins that should be powered but aren't. This includes Vcc, Vdd, etc., depending on your parts. The same goes for grounds.
Look for no-connects. Some CAD programs will designate a pin as no-connect, which means it can be safely not connected. If a pin isn't a no-connect and isn't connected, that may be a problem.
Look for outputs driving outputs. Two outputs tied together can cause excessive current draw and can potentially damage one or both of the components tied together.
Look for inputs floating. Any input should be pulled to a defined logic level.
As the circuit complexity grows, manual checking can be time-consuming and error-prone, which is why having a built-in ERC feature on your EDA software is beneficial.
You may want to take a screenshot of your schematic and share it on electronics forums along with the parts you are using and the goal of your circuit for others to help identify potential issues.
Performing an Electrical Rules Check (ERC) in Flux (or similar CAD programs) involves checking your circuit design for common mistakes such as short circuits, open circuits, incorrect component connections, conflicting outputs, and so on.
While Flux can likely check these rules automatically, here's a general procedure to follow:
Save your work: Before proceeding with the ERC, save the current state of your project to avoid losing any progress in case of unexpected issues.
Locate the ERC function: Usually, in a CAD program's toolbar or menu, there should be an icon or an option for "Check Rules" or "ERC". In some software, it might be found under the "Design" or "Tools" menu.
Run the ERC: Click on the check rules icon or menu item. The software should begin checking your schematic for rule violations.
Review violations: If the tool finds any violations, they will typically be highlighted and listed in a separate window. Each violation will typically have an associated error or warning message.
Resolve issues: Go through each violation and review the associated message. If necessary, adjust your schematic to rectify the issue and then run the ERC again. Repeat this process until no violations are found.
For detailed instructions on how to perform an Electrical Rules Check in Flux or any other software, it is recommended to refer to the specific documentation or tutorials provided by the software.
1y
@copilot help me to complete the connections in very easy words, also tell the c...
Sure, there are several components used in this project. To direct you in the right way on what connections are needed, let's start by going through each component. There are also some missing parts like the power supply, so I'll give the required information on the typical components used in power management.
Microcontroller U1: STM32H743XIH6
Connect the VDD pins to a 3.3V power supply and the VSS pins to Ground.
Pin PB9 is connected to the SDA (Data Line) pin of U2, and this will form an I2C connection between U1 and U2.
Pin PE4 is connected to TXD0 (Transmit Data) of ESP1, forming a UART connection between them.
PD5, PD6 are connected to RXD1 (Receive Data) and TXD1 (Transmit Data) of U3 forming another UART connection.
PD8, PD9, PE2, PE3 are connected to the echo and trigger pins of the ultrasonic sensors US1 and US2.
U2: BMP280 and MPU9250 Sensors
Connect the VIN (Voltage Input) pin to 3.3V power supply and GND to Ground.
Connect SCL (Serial Clock Line) to pin PB8 of U1, and SDA (Serial Data Line) to PB9 of U1 for I2C communication.
U3: NEO-6M-GPS
Connect the TXD (Transmit Data) to PD5 and RXD (Receive Data) to PD6 of U1 to establish UART communication.
ESP1: ESP32-DEVKITC
Connect the TXD0 (Transmit Data) pin to pin PE4 of U1, and the RXD0 (Receive Data) pin to PE5 for UART communication.
Ultrasonic Sensors US1 and US2: HC-SR04
Connect the TRIG (Trigger) and ECHO pins to PE2, PE3 for US1 and to PD8, PD9 for US2 of U1 respectively (assuming you are using these pins for trigging the sensor and reading the echo).
Power Management
You will need a power supply providing 3.3V power to your circuits. You can use a simple linear or switching voltage regulator depending on your input voltage. Make sure the power supply can deliver enough current for all your components, especially the microcontroller and the ESP32 module.
It’s very important to place a decoupling capacitor (0.1uF typical value) near each VDD pin of your ICs to filter out any high frequency noise.
In addition to the decoupling capacitors, you can also place a bigger capacitor (10uF to 100uF typical value) as a power supply filter to iron out any fluctuations in the power supply.
This should be a good starting point to build your circuit. If you have any other questions or need more specific information, feel free to ask!
1y
@copilot Help me to make flight controller fo an agriculture drone having featur...
@copilot Help me to make flight controller fo an agriculture drone having features like Stable flight, autopilot, spraying tank capacity, brain drain return, obstacle avoidence system and auto return fucntions using these and more components
Creating a flight controller for an agriculture drone requires complex programming and careful wiring of components. Your MPU-9250 will be your inertial measurement unit (IMU) as it includes an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and magnetometer. The BMP280 is a barometric pressure sensor necessary for altitude hold. The NEO-6M GPS unit will help you with navigation-based features such as return to home and waypoint navigation. You'll likely use the STM32H743XI as the main processing unit for your flight controller. ESP32-DEVKITC could be used for telemetry and communication, and the pair of HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors will be useful for obstacle avoidance or terrain following.
Here's an overview of how you could connect your components:
MPU-9250 (U2) -> STM32H743XI (U1)
The MPU-9250 communicates over I2C represented by SDA and SCL. So, connect U2.SDA and U2.SCL to any of the I2C buses available on the STM32H743XI. Let's say we use I2C1, you connect U2.SDA to PB9 (I2C1_SDA), and U2.SCL to PB8 (I2C1_SCL).
BMP280 (U2) -> STM32H743XI (U1)
Likewise, the BMP280 also uses I2C for data retrieval, therefore you can connect it to the same I2C bus as the MPU-9250.
NEO-6M GPS (U3) -> STM32H743XI (U1)
The NEO-6M uses UART for communication. Connect TXD1 of U3 to any available RX pin of the STM32 (let's say PD6: USART2_RX) and U3.RXD1 to PD5 (USART2_TX) of STM32H743XI.
TRIG pin starts measurement, and Echo pin will give you the duration of echo pulse. So, connect US1.TRIG and US2.TRIG to any available digital output pins (let's say PE2 and PE3) on the STM32H743XI. Similarly, connect US1.ECHO and US2.ECHO to other available digital input capable pins (let's say PE4 and PE5).
ESP32-DEVKITC (ESP1) -> STM32H743XI (U1)
This can handle telemetry. Connect ESP1.TXD0 to a free RX pin on the STM32. Similarly, connect ESP1.RXD0 to a TX pin on the STM32. Let's say we use USART3, so connect ESP1.TXD0 to PD9 (USART3_RX) and ESP1.RXD0 to PD8 (USART3_TX).
Common Power and Ground
Ensure that U1.VDD, U2.VIN, U3.VCC, US1.VDD, US2.VDD and ESP1.3V3 are all connected together for power. Similarly, connect all corresponding GND pins together.
Remember, these are initial suggestions. You would need servo motors to control the spray mechanism, which we haven't covered.
In terms of software, you can look into using ArduPilot, which is a commonly used open-source drone firmware. It supports STM32-based flight controllers, like the one you're trying to build, and has support for all the features you're interested in plus much more.
To achieve features like Stable flight, AutoPilot and Spray tank capacity management, Brain Drain Return, Obstacle Avoidance System, and Auto Return functions, it will require a combination of integrated hardware components, sensor data processing, and complex programming.
Remember to carefully consider safety factors and regulatory requirements before building and operating such a system. Good luck with your project!
To complete your drone controller project with the features you listed, in addition to the components you already have, you might consider incorporating the following:
Motor Drivers (ESC/ Electronic Speed Controllers): The most common RC Drones use Brushless DC Motors. You'll need ESCs matching to the motors' rating to control their speed.
Brushless Motors: Motors that will actually give the drone lift are needed. The number required will depend on your desired drone configuration (quadcopter, hexacopter, etc.).
Propellers: You'll need propellers that fit your motor's specification and your drone's frame size.
Servo Motors: To control the spraying mechanism, a servo motor can be used.
Spraying mechanism: You will need some kind of electronically controllable spray nozzle and a tank to store the substance to be sprayed.
RC Transmitter and Receiver: To manually control the drone, a Radio Control (RC) transmitter and receiver is needed. Look for a transmitter that supports as many channels as you have independent functions to control.
Battery: A rechargeable Li-Po battery that provides enough current to power all components of the drone is a must. The capacity (mAh) will determine the operational time you can achieve on a full charge.
Power distribution board or cables: This is used to distribute power from the battery to all components of the drone.
Distance/Obstacle sensor: For features like obstacle avoidance and altitude hold, consider using a LiDAR or another type of distance sensor depending on your specific requirements and operating conditions.
Flight controllers frame: This is not an electronic component, but it is the physical structure that will hold all of your components, so its size and shape are going to dictate many aspects of your project.
This list includes high-level categories of the additional parts you'd likely need, but please note there are many specific options in each category. The choices would be dependent on your specific project requirements (such as size, weight, flight time, spray capacity, etc.), budget, and the regulations in the area where you intend to operate the drone.