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1. میکروکنترلر RP2040: این تراشه ساخت Raspberry Pi است و دو هسته ARM دارد که برای وظایف محاسباتی و ارتباطی در پروژه‌های تعبیه‌شده کاربرد زیادی دارد.
2. سنسور دما SHT31: این سنسور دما ساخت Sensirion AG است و با دقت بالا دما و رطوبت را اندازه‌گیری می‌کند و از طریق پروتکل I2C برای ارتباط با میکروکنترلر استفاده می‌شود.
3. ماژول LoRa RFM95: برای ارتباط با بردهای دیگر با استفاده از فناوری LoRa که برای ارتباطات برد بلند و مصرف توان پایین طراحی شده است. این ماژول از طریق پروتکل SPI به میکروکنترلر متصل می‌شود.
4. منابع تغذیه: مدار شامل رگولاتور ولتاژ AP2112K-3.3TRG1 است که ولتاژ ورودی را به 3.3 ولت برای تغذیه قطعات مدار تنظیم می‌کند.
5. کانکتورها و پین‌هد: شامل J3 و J1 که برای ارتباطات و تغذیه خارجی استفاده می‌شوند.

copilot

• The project aims to create a temperature sensor module that utilizes LoRa communication to send temperature data wirelessly.

• RP2040: A microcontroller from Raspberry Pi, responsible for managing the sensor and communication tasks.

• SHT31: A high-accuracy temperature and humidity sensor by Sensirion AG.

• RFM95: This module is used for LoRa communication, allowing long-range data transmission to a LoRaWAN base station or a similar receiver.

• Voltage Regulator (AP2112K-3.3TRG1): Provides a stable 3.3V power supply for the circuit.

• Resistors and Capacitors: These are used throughout the circuit for various purposes such as filtering, pull-up/pull-down resistors, etc.

  • Notable resistors include R1 $28 , \text{k}\Omega$, R2 $80 , \text{k}\Omega$, and R6 $27 , \Omega$.
  • Capacitors like C1 $0.1 , \mu \text{F}$, C3 $15 , \text{nF}$, and C9 $0.1 , \mu \text{F}$ are used for power stabilization and signal smoothing.

• J1: A USB Type-C connector for power and possibly data connections.
• J3: A 2-pin connector for interfacing with external peripherals or power inputs.

• I2C: Used to communicate between the RP2040 and the SHT31 temperature sensor.
• SPI: Used for communication with the RFM95 module for LoRa transmissions.

• Power Nets: 3V3, VIN, VBAT, +1V1 for powering various components.
• Data Nets: I2C_SCL, I2C_SDA, SPI_SCK, SPI_MISO, SPI_MOSI, which are used for serial communications.

1. Data Acquisition: The SHT31 sensor measures temperature and humidity.
2. Data Processing: The RP2040 reads the sensor data using the I2C interface.
3. Data Transmission: The processed data is sent via the RFM95 LoRa module using the SPI interface.

aurared961671

copilot

• LEDs: Al menos uno, pero puedes usar más dependiendo de cuánto brillo desees.
• Resistencias: Para limitar la corriente que pasa por los LEDs.
• Transistor: Para controlar el encendido y apagado rápido del LED.
• 555 Timer IC: Este se usará para generar las pulsaciones necesarias para el efecto de estrobo.
• Capacitores: Para filtrar y estabilizar la señal.
• Fuente de Alimentación: Adecuada para los LEDs y el circuito (puede ser una batería de 9V o similar).

1. Configuración del 555 Timer IC en modo astable:

   • El 555 Timer se configurará para generar una señal de onda cuadrada, que encenderá y apagará el LED.
   • Conecta el pin 1 a GND.
   • Conecta el pin 8 y pin 4 a VCC (normalmente entre 4.5V y 15V).
   • Conecta un capacitor entre el pin 2 y GND, y conecta un resistor entre el pin 2 y el pin 6.
   • Conecta un segundo resistor entre el pin 6 y VCC.
   • Conecta un capacitor entre el pin 5 y GND (normalmente 10nF).
   • Conecta el pin 7 entre los dos resistores.

2. Control del LED:

   • Conecta el pin 3 del 555 Timer a la base de un transistor.
   • Conecta el emisor del transistor a GND.
   • Conecta el colector del transistor a un extremo de una resistencia.
   • Conecta el otro extremo de la resistencia al cátodo del LED.
   • Conecta el ánodo del LED a VCC.

• Calculo del periodo de parpadeo: La frecuencia del parpadeo está definida por los valores de los resistores y el capacitor en el circuito del 555 Timer. La frecuencia $f$ se calcula como: $f = \frac{1.44}{(R_1 + 2R_2)C_1}$ Donde $R_1$ y $R_2$ son resistencias conectadas al 555, y $C_1$ es el capacitor entre el pin 2 y GND.
• Valor de Resistencia para el LED: Asegúrate de calcular correctamente la resistencia para el LED según la fórmula: $R = \frac{V_{cc} - V_{LED}}{I_{LED}}$ donde $V_{cc}$ es la tensión de la fuente, $V_{LED}$ es la caída de tensión del LED, e $I_{LED}$ es la corriente deseada a través del LED.

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• Microcontroller (RP2040):

  • Core component responsible for system control and data processing.
  • Provides interfaces for I/O and communication.

• Temperature Sensor (SHT31):

  • Measures temperature and humidity.
  • Uses I2C for communication.

• LoRa Module (RFM95W-868S2):

  • Enables long-range wireless communication.

• Voltage Regulator (AP2112K-3.3TRG1):

  • Converts incoming voltage to 3.3V for supplying the microcontroller and peripherals.

• Connector (TYPE-C-31-M-12):

  • USB Type-C connector for power supply or communication.

• VIN: Main input voltage, connected to the USB VBUS and other components requiring 5V.
• 3V3: 3.3V regulated supply powering most of the components.
• VBAT: Battery voltage input, connected directly to the battery and related circuits.
• GND: Common ground for all components.

• I2C: Used to communicate with the SHT31 temperature sensor (U1).

  • Pins: SCL (clock) and SDA (data).

• SPI: Used for LoRa communication with the RFM95 module (U3).

  • Pins: SCK (Clock), MOSI (Master Out Slave In), MISO (Master In Slave Out), NSS (Chip Select).

• Net 25: Connecting SPI chip select pins.
• Net 18: Connecting the crystal oscillator required for generating the system clock of the RP2040.
• Net 4: Power distribution from the main voltage input to various components.
• Net 19 & Net 21: Handling USB data lines for communication.

• Decoupling Capacitors (Various Designators): Help stabilize the power supply voltage.
• Resistors (Various Designators): Used for various pull-up, pull-down, and current-limiting purposes.

• J1: USB Type-C connector used for power input.
• J3: For battery connection.

• Power Management: Add a low-dropout regulator if higher efficiency power conversion is required.
• Enhanced Protection: Utilize TVS diodes for input protection from voltage spikes.
• Testing Points: Add test points to facilitate debugging.

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