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Phase Output Simulation
Functional and enhanced simulations of the three ESC motor output pads: A_PAD, B_PAD, and C_PAD.
Schematic Mapping
Table
| Output pad | Driver | MOSFET pair | Switch node |
|---|---|---|---|
| A_PAD | U2 / MP1907AGQ-P | Q1, Q2 / TPN2R703NL | Phase A |
| B_PAD | U4 / MP1907AGQ-P | Q3, Q4 / TPN2R703NL | Phase B |
| C_PAD | U5 / MP1907AGQ-P | Q5, Q6 / TPN2R703NL | Phase C |
Baseline Ideal Six-Step Model
Initial idealized assumptions:
- VBAT = 12 V
- PWM frequency = 20 kHz
- PWM duty cycle = 60%
- Electrical commutation frequency = 1 kHz
- Duration = 2 ms
- Time step = 1 µs
- Each 60° sector drives one phase high-side PWM, one phase low-side ON, and one phase floating / high-Z
Baseline phase-to-ground results ignoring floating / high-Z samples:
Table
| Output | Average | RMS |
|---|---|---|
| A_PAD | 3.7725 V | 6.7283 V |
| B_PAD | 3.5495 V | 6.5265 V |
| C_PAD | 3.4775 V | 6.4599 V |
Baseline phase-to-phase peak values:
Table
| Measurement | Minimum | Maximum | Peak absolute |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vab | -12.0000 V | 12.0000 V | 12.0000 V |
| Vbc | -12.0000 V | 12.0000 V | 12.0000 V |
| Vca | -12.0000 V | 12.0000 V | 12.0000 V |
Baseline output files:
Enhanced Inverter + Motor Winding Model
This rerun adds motor winding R/L, MOSFET on-resistance, dead time, and simple diode clamping.
Assumptions:
- VBAT = 12 V
- PWM frequency = 20 kHz
- PWM duty cycle = 60%
- Electrical commutation frequency = 1 kHz
- Duration = 2 ms
- Time step = 50 ns
- TPN2R703NL RDS(on) = 2.7 mΩ per MOSFET when on
- Dead time = 300 ns at PWM switching transitions
- Motor winding phase-to-neutral resistance = 80 mΩ
- Motor winding phase-to-neutral inductance = 15 µH
- Wye-connected motor with floating neutral
- No back-EMF and no rotor/load dynamics
- Simple body-diode clamp approximation at about -0.7 V and VBAT + 0.7 V
- Six-step commutation sequence: A+ B-, A+ C-, B+ C-, B+ A-, C+ A-, C+ B-
Enhanced pad voltage results:
Table
| Pad | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|
| A_PAD | -0.7893 V | 12.7872 V |
| B_PAD | -0.7858 V | 12.7851 V |
| C_PAD | -0.7893 V | 12.7755 V |
Enhanced phase current results:
Table
| Current | Minimum | Maximum | RMS |
|---|---|---|---|
| ia | -33.0698 A | 33.0667 A | 21.8347 A |
| ib | -31.6987 A | 31.7908 A | 20.6008 A |
| ic | -33.0667 A | 33.0698 A | 21.1606 A |
Enhanced phase-to-phase voltage results:
Table
| Measurement | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|
| Vab | -13.5567 V | 12.7872 V |
| Vbc | -13.5510 V | 12.7850 V |
| Vca | -13.5744 V | 12.7754 V |
Estimated MOSFET conduction loss using I² × RDS(on), commanded-on devices only:
Table
| Item | Average loss |
|---|---|
| Total inverter over full 2 ms | 2.6505 W |
| Phase A, full-time average | 0.9459 W |
| Phase B, full-time average | 0.7963 W |
| Phase C, full-time average | 0.9082 W |
| Phase A, average while on | 1.7544 W |
| Phase B, average while on | 1.5137 W |
| Phase C, average while on | 1.7374 W |
Enhanced output files:
- A/B/C pad voltages over 2 ms
Image
- A/B/C pad voltages zoom, 0 to 120 µs
Image
- Phase currents over 2 ms
Image
- https://cdn2.flux.ai/flux-comment-files/files/commentFileId-908acfabdd818eea01dcf6c9fc8a4d763c0acfad853f073866ea11dd2e637d2b.csv?GoogleAccessId=autopilot-sa-d60c62b%40graviton-mvp.iam.gserviceaccount.com&Expires=4935384855&Signature=IpYd0jRPxe3psFLld3zt8ikIfXtmHHuwC7UpghVn0zPsfoUnpLi42IXcxwyogHEYqVEwLWtrcMhYnMLLJYrgCf5IgD0%2FCZYxLUkaLpXEHk6Xh8Gfe1s9pCyJEj0ep%2FgoYLc4Ub9MmxHEA%2B9b4AUdVWjpj7yDkkkDKXR7lNbrgQzWoifx5h%2BKpOVuWqggEWbyV%2B9iT79w15NO28GSghTR6xn9WjJTDXlj%2BO3ibA3vVgcytjds3QWddy9yj7EXX%2BCBoMV%2FUlv%2BUq9GFO5Yj0RvY8jdVZixM2FAYY8LbdP80%2FNAMjXhvrAwMfMKtXTPYXSEg4s0npYyqSefBcq6I0%2Fgpg%3D%3D
Limitations
The enhanced model is still a behavioral simulation. It does not include:
- Exact MP1907 gate-driver propagation delays, bootstrap refresh limits, UVLO, or real gate-drive current
- TPN2R703NL capacitances, nonlinear body diode behavior, reverse recovery, avalanche, or temperature-dependent RDS(on)
- PCB trace/via/package parasitics, ringing, overshoot, or EMI behavior
- Motor back-EMF, rotor position, torque load, or BLHeli_S timing details
- Current limiting, desaturation behavior, or firmware protection loops
Use this simulation to understand expected phase-node switching and first-order motor current behavior. Use a transistor-level SPICE model plus measured motor parameters for switching-loss, thermal, and EMI validation.
Schematic Mapping
Baseline Ideal Six-Step Model
Enhanced Inverter + Motor Winding Model
Limitations