• Terminal
    Terminal
    An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.
    natarius
  • Ground
    Ground
    A common return path for electric current. Commonly known as ground.
    jharwinbarrozo
    20.5M
  • Net Portal
    Net Portal
    A net identifier used to create connectivity to other Net Portal with the same designator. #portal
    jharwinbarrozo
    43.0M
  • Power Net Portal
    Power Net Portal
    Power net portal is a special schematic object used to define a power or ground net. Power ports allow you to conveniently indicate a power net at any location in the design. Power nets of the same designator automatically connect throughout your design #portal #power
    jharwinbarrozo
    11.4M
  • Generic Resistor
    Generic Resistor
    A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.5M
  • Generic Capacitor
    Generic Capacitor
    A generic fixed capacitor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.5M
  • Generic Inductor
    Generic Inductor
    A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
    jharwinbarrozo
    14.3k
  • 875105359001
    875105359001
    10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcan
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.2M
  • CTL1206FYW1T
    CTL1206FYW1T
    Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlink
    jharwinbarrozo
    1.1M
  • 1070TR
    1070TR
    Battery Holder (Open) Coin, 20.0mm 1 Cell SMD (SMT) Tab bate or batt #forLedBlink
    jharwinbarrozo
    700.5k
give me pinout for AVR JTAG
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot give me pinout for AVR JTAG
10mo

copilot

The AVR JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) interface is used for on-chip debugging and programming of AVR microcontrollers. The standard JTAG interface for AVR microcontrollers consists of the following pins:

  1. TCK (Test Clock) - provides the clock signal to the TAP (Test Access Port).

  2. TDI (Test Data In) - used to send data into the device’s test logic.

  3. TDO (Test Data Out) - used to send data out of the device’s test logic.

  4. TMS (Test Mode Select) - used to change the state of the TAP controller.

  5. TRST (Test Reset, optional) - resets the TAP controller. Not all AVR devices support this pin.

  6. GND (Ground) - Common ground.

  7. VCC or VREF (Power Supply for Input Thresholds) - Provides the reference voltage for the JTAG interface; it is not used to power the device.

An example of a basic connection for AVR’s JTAG interface excluding TRST (if not used or unavailable on the specific AVR model) would be:

  • TCK to JTAG TCK pin on AVR

  • TDI to JTAG TDI pin on AVR

  • TDO to JTAG TDO pin on AVR

  • TMS to JTAG TMS pin on AVR

  • GND to Ground pin on AVR

  • VCC/VREF to the voltage reference (often connected to VCC of the target board)

Keep in mind that the actual pin numbers for these signals can vary widely among different AVR chips. Always refer to the specific datasheet for your AVR microcontroller to find the exact JTAG pin configuration.
10mo
is there a way to hide a schematic symbol and only leave the name?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot is there a way to hide a schematic symbol and only leave the name?
10mo

copilot

In the context of using Flux.ai for designing electronic schematics and PCB layouts, hiding a schematic symbol while retaining its name or label isn't directly supported as a singular action. Schematic symbols are used primarily for their visual representation in the schematic layout to convey connections and function. Typically, removing or hiding a symbol would remove that visual information, which is crucial for understanding the circuit's functionality.
However, there are a few alternative approaches you could consider to achieve a similar effect or manage the visual clutter in your schematic:

  1. Use Notes or Text Labels: Instead of hiding the symbol, you might consider using minimalistic symbols (if available) and relying heavily on text labels or note annotations for component identification and additional details. This approach keeps the schematic legible but reduces visual complexity.

  2. Organize with Blocks or Hierarchical Design: For complex schematics, consider organizing components into functional blocks or using a hierarchical design approach. This methodology involves creating sub-circuits that can be represented as single blocks on the main schematic. Each block can be labeled with names or identifiers. Double-clicking on a block would then open the detailed schematic of that sub-circuit. While this doesn't hide symbols per se, it simplifies the main schematic view.

  3. Custom Components: Although it might require extra effort, creating custom schematic symbols that are visually minimalistic (or perhaps just a box with the component name) could be a workaround. This way, you can ensure that the schematic looks cleaner while retaining essential identifying information.

  4. Documentation Layers: Depending on the flexibility of the CAD tool, you might be able to use layers dedicated to documentation or comments. While not exactly hiding existing symbols, you could possibly overlay or associate simple text objects with parts on these layers, emphasizing the names over the symbols. This would depend on the capability to control the visibility of layers within the software.

Remember that the primary goal of a schematic is to communicate the circuit design clearly. If you're simplifying for presentation purposes, ensure that the essential electrical and connectivity information remains accessible, either in the simplified main schematic or in detailed sub-circuits/documentation.
Since software capabilities and features can evolve, it's also worth checking the latest documentation or support resources for Flux.ai for any new features that might directly support your needs.
10mo
10
are there any passive generic components that I may not find a component for on ...
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot are there any passive generic components that I may not find a component for on this?
9mo

copilot

In your project, most of the passive components are specified with common values and packages, which should be readily available as components in most electronic design tools, including Flux. However, there might be some general considerations and exceptions to keep in mind when working with passive components in any design software:

  1. Custom or Non-standard Values: If you're using highly specific, non-standard values for resistors, capacitors, or inductors that aren't typically stocked by manufacturers or distributors, you might not find an exact match in the component library. In these cases, you may have to select the closest available component and adjust your design accordingly or add a custom component to the library if the software allows.

  2. Specific Physical Sizes or Tolerances: Some designs might require components with precise physical dimensions for tight layout constraints or specific tolerances for critical applications. Ensure that the selected components in the design tool match these requirements. If not, you may need to manually adjust or look for alternate components.

  3. Advanced Materials or Technologies: Certain advanced materials (like High-Q capacitors, ultra-low ESR capacitors, or precision thin-film resistors) or technologies (such as RF-specific inductors) might not be represented as generic components. These would require specific part numbers and might need to be imported or created as custom components in your design tool.

For your design, common components like SMD resistors (R1-R31), ceramic capacitors ($C1, C2, C3$, etc.), and electrolytic capacitors (For example, $C12, C14$) are widely used and should be available in Flux. If you do encounter a component that isn’t in Flux's library:

  • Use a Generic Component: Many design tools, including Flux, allow you to use a generic component with the possibility of specifying the values and sometimes even the footprint manually.

  • Create a Custom Component: If a specific component is crucial for your design and isn’t available, you might need to create a custom component. This typically involves defining the electrical properties, footprint, and 3D model if necessary.

Remember, when in doubt or if you're using a component with tight performance specifications, always double-check the manufacturer's datasheets and ensure that the selected or created component in your design tool accurately represents what you plan to use in the real-world application.
9mo
12
Find a subsitution for U1 with the same package
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot Find a subsitution for U1 with the same package
8mo

copilot

For substituting U1, which is an IFX25401TEV50ATMA1 from Infineon Technologies, we need to consider a regulator that matches its key characteristics and package. The IFX25401TEV50ATMA1 is a low dropout voltage regulator (LDO) with certain specific features:

  • Input Voltage $I$: This dictates the range of input voltages the regulator can handle.

  • Enable pin $EN$: A control pin used to enable or disable the output.

  • Ground $GND$: The common reference point for all circuitry in the device.

  • No Connect $NC$: A pin not internally connected, serving no function in this product version.

  • Output $Q$: The regulated output voltage pin.

Additionally, this component is in a package that is not directly mentioned but inferred to be compatible with automotive applications and has a specific output voltage of 5V.
A suitable substitution would require:

  • Matching or compatible input voltage range.

  • An output voltage of 5V, as that is the specific part number designation $50$ in IFX25401TEV50ATMA1 indicates a 5.0V output.

  • The presence of an enable pin function, to allow for similar power management capabilities.

  • Compatible ground and no-connect configurations.

  • Package compatibility to ensure physical fitting and thermal properties match the original design requirements, though the specific package for U1 is not listed, we will assume a common automotive-grade package for LDOs such as DPAK or similar.

Assuming we require a similar automotive-grade LDO regulator, one potential substitute could be the TPS7A4501 from Texas Instruments. However, without the specific package details of U1, recommending a direct substitute is challenging. The TPS7A4501 offers:

  • An output voltage range up to 20V, which is adjustable down to 5V with external resistors.

  • An enable pin to control the output.

  • Suitable for automotive applications.

  • Available in several packages, including the TO-220, which is common for automotive power applications and may offer similar thermal and mounting characteristics to the U1's package.

Before selecting a substitute, check:

  • The package compatibility: Ensure that the substitute's physical dimensions and pinout match the original component's footprint on the PCB.

  • Output current requirements: Ensure the substitute can supply sufficient current for your application.

  • Thermal considerations: Verify that the substitute can handle the thermal load under operational conditions without overheating.

Remember, substituting a component in an automotive application requires carefully reviewing the datasheets to ensure all electrical, thermal, and regulatory requirements are met, especially concerning automotive standards for reliability and safety.
8mo
14
I need a Dual Bilateral Analog Switch for this project to quickly charge capacit...
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot I need a Dual Bilateral Analog Switch for this project to quickly charge capacitors on startup, bypassing the large 100k resistor values for the 220uF capacitors (r21,r11,C18,C10)
10mo

copilot

For your requirement of quickly charging the capacitors at startup, bypassing the large 100kΩ resistors ((R21), (R11)) associated with the 220uF capacitors ((C18), (C10)), a dual bilateral analog switch would indeed be a suitable solution. Considering your project components and requirements, I recommend using the CD4066B which is a quad bilateral switch. This component provides four independent switches for precision analog/digital multiplexing and demultiplexing. Though you mentioned a dual switch, the quad switch offers additional flexibility if you decide to expand the requirement or for future projects.
Specifications for CD4066B:

  • Switch Type: CMOS Quad Bilateral Switch

  • Control Voltage Range: ±5V to ±15V

  • On-state Resistance: Typically 100Ω (depends on (V_{DD}-V_{SS}) and (V_{CONTROL}))

  • Package Type: Available in DIP-14, SOIC-14, and other surface-mount packages

Connection Guidelines:
Given your project components, you would only need to utilize two switches from the CD4066B. The basic idea is to use the switch to temporarily connect the capacitor directly to the voltage supply, bypassing the resistor during startup. Once the capacitor is charged, you can turn off the switch to resume normal operation through the resistor.

  • Control Logic: Use a digital I/O from your microcontroller ((U4)) to control the switch. This could be set high at startup to close the switch, and brought low after a delay defined in your firmware.

Suggested Connections:

  • (CD4066B) Switch 1 IN/OUT to one terminal of (C18)

  • (CD4066B) Switch 1 OUT/IN to (5V) power net (for charging (C18))

  • (CD4066B) Switch 2 IN/OUT to one terminal of (C10)

  • (CD4066B) Switch 2 OUT/IN to (5V) power net (for charging (C10))

  • Control Pins of Switch 1 and 2 from (U4) digital I/O pins (e.g., (PD)-lines)

  • Ground the Unused Input/Output pins of the unused switches to avoid floating pins, which could potentially switch due to noise.

Firmware Strategy:

  1. On Startup: Set control pins high to bypass resistors (R21) and (R11), allowing (C18) and (C10) to charge rapidly.

  2. After Delay: Set control pins low, reverting to charging through (R21) and (R11), ensuring a slow, controlled charge if further top-up is necessary and for regular operation.

Advantages:

  • Flexibility in controlling charge times.

  • Minimal modification to existing schematic.

Consideration:
Ensure the control voltage and switching signals are within the specification for the CD4066B to effectively switch without causing any unintended consequences on the analog signal paths.
This approach neatly integrates into your project, allowing quick capacitor charging on startup without permanently altering the circuit's behavior or performance in its standard operation.
10mo
roytaylor

roytaylor

any dual switches?
10mo

copilot

If you specifically require a dual switch for your application, the DG412 or DG202 could be more aligned with your needs, offering dual bilateral analog switches in a smaller package compared to the quad switch CD4066B. These components are designed to connect or disconnect analog or digital signals efficiently.
DG412 Specifications:

  • Switch Type: Precision Monolithic Quad SPST CMOS Analog Switch

  • Control Voltage Range: ±4.5V to ±20V

  • On-state Resistance: Typically 100Ω

  • Package Type: Available in 16-pin PDIP, SOIC, and TSSOP packages

Since DG412 is a quad switch and considering there isn't a standard "dual" version of DG412 explicitly, each DG412 switch can be used independently, leaving the unused switches unconnected (although it's good practice to tie unused inputs to ground or a defined logic level).
DG202 Specifications:

  • Switch Type: Dual SPST CMOS Analog Switch

  • Control Voltage Range: ±4.5V to ±18V

  • On-state Resistance: Typically 85Ω

  • Package Type: Available in 14-pin PDIP, SOIC

For your application, using either parts of a DG412 or DG202 would allow you to directly replace the quad switch recommendation with a component that has only dual switches to control, which might better suit your project size or complexity requirements.
Suggested Connections (Using DG202 as an example):

  • DG202 Switch 1 IN/OUT to one terminal of (C18)

  • DG202 Switch 1 OUT/IN to (5V) power net (for charging (C18))

  • DG202 Switch 2 IN/OUT to one terminal of (C10)

  • DG202 Switch 2 OUT/IN to (5V) power net (for charging (C10))

  • Control Pins of Switches 1 and 2 from (U4) digital I/O pins

Firmware Strategy remains the same:

  1. On Startup: Activate switches to bypass resistors (R21) and (R11), enabling (C18) and (C10) to charge rapidly.

  2. After Delay: Deactivate switches to revert to charging through resistors for normal operation.

Why Choose DG202 or DG412:

  • DG202 is a straight fit for dual switch requirements without unused switch sections, simplifying design and minimizing potential unused inputs handling.

  • DG412 offers additional switches that can be utilized for future expansion or other purposes within the same package, offering a form of "design headroom."

Pin Configuration Advice:
Ensure to consult the datasheet for exact pin configurations and to apply correct logic levels to control pins for switching actions, maintaining compliance with your project voltages and the switch's specifications.
10mo
roytaylor

roytaylor

I need one with low on-state resistance
10mo

copilot

For applications requiring a dual bilateral analog switch with low on-state resistance, the ADG1433 by Analog Devices is an excellent choice. The ADG1433 features ultra-low on-state resistance and is designed for use in applications where low on-state resistance is critical.
ADG1433 Specifications:

  • Switch Type: Triple SPDT (Single Pole, Double Throw)

  • Control Voltage Range: 1.8V to 5.5V

  • On-state Resistance: Typically 0.7Ω (max 1.5Ω across the full temperature range)

  • Package Type: Available in 16-lead TSSOP and 16-lead QFN (4x4 mm) packages

While the ADG1433 is a triple SPDT switch rather than dual, its ultra-low on-state resistance makes it suitable for applications where minimizing voltage drop and power loss is key. You can use two of the three available switches for your purpose and leave the third one unused, or plan for future circuit expansion.
Suggested Connections:

  • ADG1433 Switch 1:

    • TERMINAL A to (5V) power supply (for charging (C18))

    • TERMINAL B to one terminal of (C18)

    • CONTROL to a digital I/O pin on (U4)

  • ADG1433 Switch 2:

    • TERMINAL A to (5V) power supply (for charging (C10))

    • TERMINAL B to one terminal of (C10)

    • CONTROL to a digital I/O pin on (U4)

Firmware Control:

  • On Startup: Drive the control pins high to close the switches. This action will connect (C18) and (C10) directly to the (5V) supply, allowing them to charge quickly and bypass the 100kΩ resistors ((R21) and (R11)).

  • After a Set Time: Drive the control pins low to open the switches, reverting the charge path through (R21) and (R11), for standard operation.

Advantages of ADG1433:

  • Ultra-low On-state Resistance: Reduces power loss and voltage drop across the switch, important for maintaining efficiency in power-sensitive designs.

  • CMOS Technology: Offers low power consumption.

  • High Switching Speed: Beneficial for applications requiring quick charging circuits.

Considerations:

  • Unused switch: Properly terminate the unused switch to prevent it from picking up noise. It's generally advised to connect unused inputs to a known state. Check the datasheet for recommendations on handling unused switch terminals.

  • Power Supply Compatibility: Ensure the (5V) power supply used for charging the capacitors does not exceed the maximum voltage rating of the ADG1433.

Implementation Note:
Before finalizing the ADG1433 for your design, consider reviewing its datasheet for detailed electrical characteristics, pin configuration, and application notes to ensure compatibility with your specific application needs, especially in terms of the control logic levels relative to your microcontroller ((U4)) operating voltage.
10mo
roytaylor

roytaylor

What if i connect the capacitor to the output of U2 at pin one to the positive side of the capacitor such as c18, rather than directly to a voltage source?
10mo

copilot

Connecting the positive side of capacitor (C18) directly to the output of (U2) at pin 1, instead of directly to a voltage source, could be an interesting approach depending on the behavior and functionality you require from your circuit. Considering (U2) is specified as a TL074CD, which is a quad low-noise JFET-input operational amplifier, here's how this configuration would behave and affect your circuit:

  1. Operational Mode of U2:

    • The operation of (U2) at pin 1 depends on the rest of the operational amplifier's configuration. Pin 1 is the output of the first amplifier within (U2). Its behavior (voltage level, impedance) will be determined by the input signal to this op-amp section and the feedback network connected to it.

  2. Controlling the Charge Path:

    • If you intend to use (U2)'s output to quickly charge (C18), you are essentially using the op-amp's output to provide the charge current. This method would work under certain conditions:

      • The op-amp must be configured to source enough current to rapidly charge the capacitor.

      • The voltage at the op-amp's output must be sufficient to charge the capacitor to the desired level within your required timeframe.

  3. Considerations:

    • Current Capability: The TL074CD can source or sink a limited amount of current (typically in the range of 10mA to 40mA). You'll need to ensure this is sufficient to charge (C18) quickly without exceeding the op-amp's current capacity, which could lead to damage or operational failure.

    • Control Strategy: Unlike directly controlling a switch that connects a capacitor to a power supply, using an op-amp's output for charging requires that the op-amp be configured to provide the appropriate voltage. This could involve digital control (if the op-amp's input is digitally modulated) or analog control.

    • Voltage Consideration: The final voltage across (C18) will depend on the output voltage capability of (U2), which is influenced by its supply voltage and the design of the circuit around the op-amp.

  4. Benefits:

    • This approach could potentially simplify your circuit by eliminating the need for an additional switch component if you can meet the charging requirements through the op-amp alone.

    • Offers integrated control over the charging process through signal processing capabilities inherent to an operational amplifier.

  5. Challanges:

    • You'll need to carefully design the op-amp circuit to ensure it can safely and effectively charge the capacitor.

    • Risk of exceeding the op-amp's current limit, impacting both the op-amp and the overall circuit's performance.

In summary, while it's technically feasible to charge a capacitor like (C18) through the output of (U2), you must carefully consider the op-amp's limitations and ensure the circuit is designed to prevent damage while achieving the desired charging speed. Without knowing the entire circuit design around (U2), it's crucial to evaluate whether the op-amp can provide enough current and the right voltage level to efficiently charge (C18) and if this configuration aligns with the overall circuit behavior and performance requirements.
10mo
roytaylor

roytaylor

It would still be switched by an analog switch, defaulting back to normal operation after charging time
10mo

copilot

Given your intention to still use an analog switch for controlling the connection between the capacitor (e.g., (C18)) and the output of (U2) (TL074CD, a quad low-noise JFET-input operational amplifier) for the charging phase, and then defaulting back to normal operation after a set charging time, here's a refined approach to implementing this configuration:
Configuration Overview:

  • Charging Phase: During startup or a predefined condition, an analog switch connects (C18) to the output of (U2)'s first amplifier (pin 1), allowing the capacitor to charge more quickly than it would through its default resistor path. The output voltage of (U2) must be controlled to provide the desired charging voltage to (C18).

  • Normal Operation: After the charging phase, the analog switch disconnects (C18) from (U2), and the capacitor then operates in the circuit as initially intended, possibly through a resistor for slower charging/discharging or for signal processing purposes.

Steps and Considerations:

  1. Analog Switch Control:

    • The control signal for the analog switch can come from a digital I/O pin on your microcontroller ((U4)). For the charging phase, the microcontroller sets the control pin high, activating the switch. After the charging period, the control pin is set low, reverting to normal operation.

  2. Designing U2's Circuit:

    • The configuration of (U2) must ensure that its output (pin 1) can safely charge (C18). This involves setting the proper output voltage and ensuring the current capability matches the charging requirements without exceeding the op-amp's limits.

  3. Selecting an Analog Switch:

    • As previously discussed, for ultra-low on-state resistance, the ADG1433 can be an option, but considering you might be looking for a dual switch solution, and focusing on the charging aspect, consider implementing a switch like the ADG736 (CMOS, Low Voltage, Dual SPDT Switch), which provides a low on-state resistance and the dual-channel configuration you need. Each channel can be controlled independently.

  4. Possible Connection Scheme:

    • Analog Switch Channel 1:

      • Connect one terminal to (U2:OUT 1) (pin 1).

      • Connect the other terminal to the positive terminal of (C18).

      • Control pin connected to an I/O pin on (U4).

    • Operation:

      • For Charging: (U4) sets the control pin high, closing the switch, connecting (C18) to (U2)'s output.

      • For Normal Operation: (U4) sets the control pin low, opening the switch, isolating (C18) from (U2), and allowing it to function in its standard role within the circuit.

  5. Timing Considerations:

    • Implement a software delay in the microcontroller to manage the timing of the charging phase — for example, keeping the analog switch closed long enough for (C18) to charge to the required level.

Safety and Performance:

  • Verify the Maximum Current that (U2) can safely supply and ensure it matches your charging requirements.

  • Monitor the Capacitor Voltage during the charging phase to prevent overcharging, especially if (U2)'s output can exceed the capacitor's voltage rating.

  • Characterize the Charging Time in a prototype to adjust the timing in your microcontroller’s software for optimal performance.

This approach offers a smart way to accelerate capacitor charging via controlled conditions, leveraging both the analog switch for connectivity management and the operational amplifier for precise voltage application, with the flexibility to revert to normal operation post-charging.
10mo
roytaylor

roytaylor

This also helps compared to charging it with 5v because the amplifier circuit will not reach 5v with the signal it is amplifying, and if the capacitor is greating than 5v then couldnt it lead to improper amplifications?
10mo

copilot

Indeed, your consideration brings up important aspects of circuit design, particularly in the context of using operational amplifiers and charging capacitors within an analog signal chain. When using an operational amplifier (op-amp) like (U2) (the TL074CD) to directly charge a capacitor like (C18) in your circuit, there are several factors to consider:

  1. Output Voltage of Op-Amp: The output voltage that (U2) can supply to (C18) during the charging phase is inherently linked to the signal it's amplifying or the voltage level it is set to produce. If the op-amp is part of a circuit designed to produce lower voltages (for example, levels lower than (5V)), then using it to charge (C18) ensures that the capacitor doesn't receive a higher voltage than it typically would during operational conditions. This approach can be beneficial for maintaining signal integrity.

  2. Signal Integrity and Operational Behavior: Charging (C18) to a voltage level that reflects the operational peak voltage levels of (U2) helps in preserving signal integrity and preventing potential distortion or improper operation. If (C18) were charged to a voltage significantly higher than the operational voltage levels (e.g., (5V) in cases where the operational level doesn't reach (5V)), there could be a risk that the capacitor discharges back into (U2)'s output when it's not supposed to, potentially leading to improper amplifications or signal distortions.

  3. Capacitor's Voltage Rating: It's also vital to consider the voltage rating of (C18). While capacitors generally have a maximum voltage rating determining how much voltage they can safely handle, charging them to a level that aligns with their use in the circuit (i.e., not exceeding the voltage levels they would encounter during normal operation) is a prudent design choice. Charging a capacitor to a higher voltage than it ever reaches during operation doesn't offer benefits and could introduce risks if the voltage exceeds what connected components expect or can handle.

  4. Circuit Design Strategy: Your strategy takes advantage of the circuit's existing behavior and ensures that components are used within their intended operational context. This approach minimizes potential risks associated with incompatible voltage levels or unintended feedback paths.

In essence, charging (C18) using (U2)'s output, moderated through an analog switch for controlled timing, and limiting the charge to levels that are congruent with (U2)'s operational output, is a methodical way to integrate capacitor charging into the circuit's functionality without introducing discrepancies in voltage levels that could impede the circuit's intended operation. Always remember to consider the current-sourcing capability of (U2) and ensure that the charging configuration doesn't overburden the op-amp, adhering to safe design practices and component specifications.
10mo
8
C15
Capacitance
15n F
C26
Capacitance
470n F
R13
Resistance
10k Ω
2V5
R15
Resistance
10k Ω
5V
O_QH
R20
Resistance
10k Ω
R17
Resistance
100k Ω
DAC V_follower
U2
End of Life
C27
Capacitance
0.1u F
IFQ High Gain
Cap_IL
5V
5V
C12
Capacitance
220u F
DAC_PWM
IFI Low Gain
R14
Resistance
1k Ω
IFI_LG
C20
Capacitance
5600p F
R21
Resistance
100k Ω
R24
Resistance
100k Ω
R30
Resistance
470 Ω
C11
Capacitance
15n F
C28
Capacitance
0.1u F
O_IH
Out_IL
C5
Capacitance
0.1u F
R10
Resistance
100k Ω
IFI_HG
C17
Capacitance
2700p F
Out_QL
Q_LSW
Cap_IH
R18
Resistance
1k Ω
C18
Capacitance
220u F
2V5_EN
IFQ Low Gain
Bypass for init charging
IFQ_LG
R22
Resistance
3.3k Ω
IFI High Gain
IFQ_HG
Cap_QL
R23
Resistance
33k Ω
R9
Resistance
100k Ω
C13
Capacitance
5600p F
R31
Resistance
1k Ω
5V
Cap_QH
3V3
2V5
5V
C14
Capacitance
220u F
Cap_QL
Freq_Tune
Q_HSW
R19
Resistance
10k Ω
I_LSW
2V5
I_HSW
C16
Capacitance
5600p F
Cap_IH
C8
Capacitance
5600p F
C19
Capacitance
5600p F
O_IH
Cap_QH
Out_QL
IFQ
5V
C25
Capacitance
1u F
R16
Resistance
33k Ω
U7
U6
U8

Cycle Sentry: 24-GHz Radar For Bicyclist Detection

Cycle Sentry: 24-GHz Radar For Bicyclist Detection
Description

Created
October 21st 2023
Last updated by roytaylor
7 months ago
1 Contributor(s)
roytaylor

Controls

Properties

Availability & Pricing

DistributorQty 1
Digi-Key$23.64–$33.15
LCSC$25.95–$27.03
Mouser$35.61–$37.86

Assets

Simulation

µs

Simulation Speed

@copilot how can i decrease keepout distance between ground pour and components?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how can i decrease keepout distance between ground pour and components?
10mo
how to make smaller vias?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how to make smaller vias?
1y

copilot

Something went wrong, sorry. Please try again.
1y
recommend a DSP to smooth out PWM signal from the ATMEGA and convert it to analo...
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot recommend a DSP to smooth out PWM signal from the ATMEGA and convert it to analog
1y

copilot

If you need to smooth out a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal and convert it to analog, you don't necessarily need a Digital Signal Processor (DSP).
A simple and common solution for this task is to use a low-pass filter, which could be a simple RC circuit. This converts the high-frequency PWM signal into a lower-frequency analog signal by smoothing out the rapid voltage changes.
However, if your application demands complex operations, a DSP could be used. A suitable starter DSP for audio-range operations would be the Analog Devices ADSP-21369, which is a reliable and commonly used DSP. It operates up to 333MHz and comes with 4Mb on-chip RAM. However, using a DSP would be overkill if you just need to filter a PWM signal to analog and it would also cost more in terms of money, complexity, power and board space.
Here's a simple RC filter approach:

  • Connect the PWM output from your ATMEGA1284P (Pin PD3, for example) to the input of your RC circuit.

  • Use an R value of 10KΩ (check if you already have such resistor in your design. I can see there is R6, R13 or R27 with the same values) and a C value of 1µF (Capacitors of this range are quite common). This will create a cut-off frequency of approximately 16Hz, which should eliminate much of the PWM frequency. Please adjust the values according to your own requirements.

  • The output of your RC filter can be then fed into your analog circuit or ADC of a microcontroller for further processing.

If you provide more specific details about your project requirements and constraints, I would be able to give you a more specific recommendation.
1y
how can i change the size of a reference silkscreen?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how can i change the size of a reference silkscreen?
1y

copilot

In Flux.ai, you can modify the silkscreen elements (like reference designators) of a component, both in terms of position and size. However, as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2023, there isn't a direct rule to change the size of the silkscreen text.
Generally, to modify designator silkscreen you need to:

  • Select the individual silkscreen element (like your reference designator) you wish to move or hide. You can do this by double you clicking on the individual silkscreen element within the component, finding it in the object tree, or by hovering over the element and pressing command to directly select the element.

  • After selecting the silkscreen element, if you move it, Flux will automatically generate a new position rule with an !important flag. The !important flag is the only way you have to modify individual elements like silkscreen content within a component.

To hide the element:

  • Once Flux has auto-generated a position rule, you can add an additional enable rule and set it to false to hide the element. Add !important to it to ensure the element will be hidden.

  • As the position rule is no longer necessary, you can delete it if you only care to hide the silkscreen content and not change its position.

For adjusting the size of silkscreen elements, you'll need to create a custom symbol for the component, and use that symbol in your schematic. Just make sure that the size of your designators in your custom symbol matches your desired size.
If you need assistance with creating custom symbols or another workaround to achieve resizing, feel free to let me know![1]
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/silkscreen-reference
1y
how do I make traces not collide with other components when routing?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how do I make traces not collide with other components when routing?
1y

copilot

When routing your board in Flux, to ensure traces don't collide with other components, you can keep in mind several practices:

  1. Plan Your Routes: Before you start routing, have a plan in place. Generally, it's advisable to route power and ground traces first, then high-speed signals, and finally the remaining signals.

  2. Utilize Design Rules: Flux provides a robust set of design rules that you can use to help with layout. These include setting the minimum distance between a trace and a component to prevent collisions. You can access this by going to "Project Settings" > "Design Rules"

  3. Use Different Layers: If the board layout is getting complex, consider using multilayer boards. You can route traces in different layers to avoid colliding with components on the surface layer.

  4. Take Advantage of Autorouting: Flux has an autorouting feature that can help you route traces automatically while avoiding collisions. After you set up your parameters and press the 'Route' button, Flux will start routing your board.

  5. Check with Design Rule Check (DRC): Regularly running DRC can help you catch any collisions or errors in your layout. It can detect overlapping traces, invalid layers, airwires, and more[1].

Remember, patience is key when routing PCBs. They are rarely perfect on the first run and usually require multiple iterations to optimize. Feel free to ask if you need more guidance.
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/design-rule-check--drc-
1y
how do i hide any filled copper zones like top ground plane?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how do i hide any filled copper zones like top ground plane?
1y

copilot

In Flux, you can control the visibility of copper fills from the Layer panel in PCB editor.
Here are the steps to hide copper filled zones:

  1. Navigate to the Layers panel in the PCB editor.

  2. Look for the drop icon near the layer for which you want to control the visibility of copper fills.

  3. Click on the drop icon to toggle the visibility of the copper fills.

Please note, toggling the visibility button will not disable the fill, it will only hide it from the view. Removing the fill altogether can only be done through the "Connected Layers" rule[1].
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/reference-ground-fills
1y
roytaylor

roytaylor

using selector based layout rules- how can i select only capacitors and resistors?
1y

copilot

To select only capacitors and resistors by using selector-based layout rules in Flux, you can utilize the designator selectors. The designator selectors permit you to select elements based on their given identifiers (like "C" for capacitors and "R" for resistors)[1].
The IDs (designators) for capacitors usually start with 'C' and for resistors with 'R'. Please note that this is a quite common but not universal convention and might differ based on your specific schematic.

  1. To select all capacitors you could use something akin to: C* (this will select all elements with a designator that starts with "C").

  2. To select all resistors you could use something akin to: R* (this will select all elements with a designator that starts with "R").

But be aware that this type of selection might also select other components which start with "C" or "R".
To select only capacitors and resistors together, use the Selector List syntax by combining both selectors separated by a comma:
C*, R*
The above selector will select all capacitors and resistors.
Again, please verify if these conventions apply to your schematic as different schematics may use different conventions for part designators.
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/pcb-layout-rule-selectors
1y
roytaylor

roytaylor

the designator is 'REF', so how can i check the name of it?
1y

copilot

In Flux, you can check the name of a component by selecting it on your canvas and then referring to the Inspector panel on the right side of the screen. The name of the component would be visible under the "Properties" section in this panel [1].
Here are the steps to check the name of a component:

  1. Click on the component (REF in this case) on your canvas to select it.

  2. On the right side of the screen, look at the Inspector panel.

  3. Under the "Properties" section, you can find the "Name" field.

The "Name" field represents the name of the selected component. If it's hidden, you might need to expand the "Properties" section in the Inspector panel to see it.
Do remember to check the exact names of capacitors and resistors in your project. They might be named differently based on your schematic. You can then use this information to write your selectors correctly.
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/reference-inspector-schematic
1y
roytaylor

roytaylor

the name is under layout rules and then "content" is the name I am looking to parse- how can i create a rule
1y

copilot

In Flux, you can create a selector-based rule based on component names using the "Content" property. You will need to formulate your selector to utilize this property properly.
Here's how to create such a rule:

  1. Navigate to the "Rules" menu on the left side of the Flux interface.

  2. Click the "Add Rule" button at the bottom to create a new rule.

  3. In the "Add Rule" dialog, select "Selector" and put your desired selector based on the Content property. For example, if you wanted to select capacitors and resistors only, you might use: [Content*="capacitor"], [Content*="resistor"] This selector uses wildcard matching (*=) to select all components which have "capacitor" or "resistor" in their Content anywhere.

  4. After setting up the selector, choose the rule you want to apply, input the necessary values for the rule, and apply it.

Please note that the example selector [Content*="capacitor"], [Content*="resistor"] might match components you didn't intend to if their Content includes "capacitor" or "resistor" as a substring. Adjust the selector as needed based on your project's specific naming conventions to prevent unwanted matches [1].
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/reference-layout-rules[1][2]
[1] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/pcb-rules
[2] https://docs.flux.ai/reference/object-specific-pcb-rules
1y
How can i stop my lines from intersecting other components when routing?
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot How can i stop my lines from intersecting other components when routing?
1y

copilot

For preventing lines from intersecting other components while routing in Flux, you can follow these steps:

  1. Start routing from a pin. Click on a pad or pin to start a new route.

  2. Click along the path you wish to route. Each click will create a new corner or waypoint.

  3. Use the 'Move commands' to reposition components if required. The line should automatically avoid components if possible.

  4. When you need to pass through a crowded area with many components and nets, you can utilize 'Vias' to change layers and neatly avoid the busy area.

  5. If a crowdsourcing situation is unavoidable, consider repositioning your components to create more routing space.

Remember that Flux will automatically try to prevent traces from intersecting with any components or other traces according to design rules, and will highlight any violations to let you avoid them, but it might sometimes need assistance and manual intervention. These suggestions are using the current available flux.ai routing tool as at September 2023.
These steps are based on best practices in Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design but not directly extracted from the Flux documentation or any related Flux.ai tutorial.
Let me know if you need further assistance.
1y
how can i remove a layout in the objects? i cant seem to delete it
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot how can i remove a layout in the objects? i cant seem to delete it
1y

copilot

To remove a specific layout object in Flux PCB editor, you can follow these steps:

  1. Select the object from the layout you want to remove. You can do this by clicking on the object in the PCB canvas or from the Object Tree on the left side panel.

  2. Once the object is selected, press the Delete key on your keyboard to remove the object from your layout.

If you wish to remove a layout rule applied to an object:

  1. Select the object to which the rule has been applied.

  2. Navigate to the right-side menu and find 'Layout rules'.

  3. Click on 'Edit' -> 'Delete'.

  4. Confirm to delete the rule.

Please note that deleting a layout object or a rule is permanent and cannot be undone. Be sure you want to delete it before proceeding.
If you're still having trouble, could you provide more specific details about the object you are trying to remove? So I can be of more assistance.
1y
i need one SMD
roytaylor

roytaylor

i need one SMD
1y
i need a 100uf capacitor that is rated for 5v
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot i need a 100uf capacitor that is rated for 5v
1y

copilot

Given this is a fairly common value for a capacitor, many options are available. A popular choice would be an electrolytic capacitor given its high capacity. Take for example, the Nichicon UVR1H101MPD.
This is a 100µF, 50V capacitor in a radial, through-hole package, which should be more than enough for the 5v rating you need. The high voltage rating makes it robust against possible voltage spikes in your circuit. Here are the details:

  • Manufacturer: Nichicon

  • Series: VR

  • Part Number: UVR1H101MPD

  • Capacitance: 100uF

  • Voltage Rating: 50V

  • Tolerance: ±20%

  • Package/Case: Radial

  • Temperature Rating: -40°C to +105°C

  • Lead Spacing: 5.00mm

  • Diameter: 8mm

  • Height: 11.5mm

Please make sure to verify whether the physical dimensions of this capacitor would fit on your PCB layout. If you need an SMD version or a capacitor with different size constraints, let me know.
Remember to check with your supplier for availability and exact features you might need for your specific application. These suppliers include but are not limited to Digi-Key, Mouser Electronics, RS components and Farnell.
And remember, always ensure the capacitor's voltage rating is above your circuit's highest voltage to prevent damaging the capacitor or other potential issues.
1y
roytaylor

roytaylor

I need one SMD
1y

copilot

Sure, for an SMD style capacitor, you can consider the Tantalum Capacitors - Solid SMD from AVX Corporation, they provide good stability and have a wide range of capacitance values.
Here's an example:

  • Manufacturer: AVX Corporation

  • Series: TAJ

  • Part Number: TAJA107M006RNJ

  • Capacitance: 100μF

  • Voltage Rating: 6.3V

  • Tolerance: ±20%

  • Package/Case: 1206 (3216 Metric)

  • Operating Temperature: -55°C to +125°C

This capacitor has a voltage rating that's somewhat above 5V, giving it some headroom which is usually a good practice.
You might need to adjust the footprint or size (1206 in this case), depending on your specific needs and the available space in your PCB design. Remember to check the availability with your component supplier.
1y
take a look at my schematic- are there any comments you can make for improvement...
roytaylor

roytaylor

@copilot take a look at my schematic- are there any comments you can make for improvement based on all datasheets?
1y

copilot

While I can't directly view individual electronic schematics or datasheets for the components in your project, I can share some general recommendations and best practices that may help enhance your schematic:

  1. Schematic Clarity: Clearly label designators and connection points for readability and easy troubleshooting.

  2. Bypass Capacitors: Each IC power pin typically requires bypass capacitors for filtering higher-frequency power noise. A typical value is a 0.1uF ceramic capacitor, placed as physically close to IC power pins as possible.

  3. Decoupling Capacitors: These are normally inserted in power supply lines to manage transient responses, often in the form of large value capacitors(e.g. 10uF, 100uF).

To verify these components (C1, C6, C19, C10, etc.), you should consult the datasheets and determine necessity based on that information.

  1. Pull-up/pull-down Resistors: It's crucial to use pull-up or pull-down resistors where necessary, as in RESET lines or I/O lines. You already have some, but check each interface to see if one is required (R1, R2, R3, etc.). Also, verify their resistance values in relation to the current you want.

  2. LED Current Limiting Resistors: Limiting resistors for LEDs should be incorporated in your circuit to prevent them from drawing excessive current and burning out (R4, R5, etc.).

  3. Power Supply Rails: Check all power rails have the correct voltage levels. Verify there are no mismatches between power rails and the operating voltage range of each IC (U1, U3, U2, etc.).

  4. Unused Pins: Consult the manufacturer's data sheets for advice regarding unused pins, as some may require termination to a known state.

  5. Signal Paths: Maintain separate analog and digital signal paths, if applicable.

These are generic checks. The most accurate method of confirming your design is to review individual component datasheets for exact requirements or configurations.
1y
Hey, I’m Copilot, your AI design assistant. I can help you brainstorm ideas, deb...

copilot

Hey, I’m Copilot, your AI design assistant. I can help you brainstorm ideas, debug problems, research components, and even make wiring connections for you. Ask me questions like:

  • @copilot I'm designing a PCB for a medical device that measures heart rate and temperature. Can you give me the list of components I will need?

  • @copilot How would I connect these parts to make the LED flash at 1kHz?

  • @copilot can you choose 4 digital pins on the ATMega328P-AU that I have here to use as GPIO given that I am already using some pins for reset, the external clock, UART, and I2C.

Chat with me by tagging @copilot on comments or in the chat.
1y
Someone is typing...
Checks that the power traveling across a given resistor is under its rating with 50% headroom.
Learn more
Checks that IC pins that require pull up or pull down resistors have them.
Learn more
Checks that capacitors have appropriate voltage ratings to prevent overheating and ensure reliable circuit operation.
Checks that all parts have a part number and are available from distributors.
Des
Net
Des
Net
Pad
—
RX
ANT_RX
Pad
—
Trace aaee
ANT_RX
Pad
—
Trace 66b1
ANT_RX
Pad
—
1
ANT_RX
Trace 5e15
ANT_TX
Pad
—
Trace 0b8e
ANT_TX
Pad
—
TX
ANT_TX
Pad
—
Pad
—
1
ANT_TX
—
GND
GND
—
GND
GND
—
GND
GND
—
GND
GND
—
Trace 5650
GND
—
Via
GND
—
Trace c670
GND
Trace 5277
GND
17
—
17
—
Trace dff0
GND
17
—
Trace ec75
GND
17
—
Trace de38
GND
Trace 4a66
GND
17
—
Trace 2541
GND
17
—
17
—
Trace b1c3
GND
Reports parts that have no footprint.
Reports nodes that are assigned to a layer that doesn't exist in the layout stackup.
Designator
Ruleset
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
-
Override rules for ＊`REF`＊
Fab Shapes
Override rule for Fab Shapes
TRST
Override rule for TRST
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
9
Override rule for 9
-
Rotate resistor & cap silk
TCK
Override rule for TCK
TDO
Override rule for TDO
C＊＊
Override rule for C＊＊
VCC
Override rule for VCC
C＊＊
Override rule for C＊＊
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
VCC
Override rule for VCC
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
Circle Shape
Override rule for Circle Shape
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
ANODE
Override rule for ANODE
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
TDI
Override rule for TDI
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
GND
Override rule for GND
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
SRST
Override rule for SRST
-
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
VCC
Override rule for VCC
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
AVR-JTAG-10
Override rule for AVR-JTAG-10
Silk Shapes
Override rule for Silk Shapes
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
9
Override rule for 9
TMS
Override rule for TMS
VREF
Override rule for VREF
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
C＊＊
Override rule for C＊＊
P2
Override rule for P2
GND
Override rule for GND
-
Remove value silkscreen
Silk Shapes
Override rule for Silk Shapes
＊`REF`＊
Override rules for ＊`REF`＊
Circle Shape
Override rule for Circle Shape
-
Rotate resistor & cap silk
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
＊`REF`＊
Override rule for ＊`REF`＊
SENTRY
CYCLE
Designators
Net
P1, OUT 2
O_QH
PIN_4, ANODE
Net 10
P2, PC3
TMS
Reports nodes that are using rules that are not supported anymore.
Reports layers that have multiple copper fills of different nets. Make sure the Connected Layers rule value of nets with fills is valid.
Name
Trace e1eb
Trace 6447
Trace cbb5
Trace 2bcf
Via-3-6