# Zoophagous Amaranth Electromagnetic Shrinking Machine
## Description
Compact USB-C BLE Dongle with Integrated USB Device Support
## Project Details
- **Owner:** rintoj
- **Created:** 10/7/2025
- **Last Updated:** 10/7/2025
- **Visibility:** Public
- **layout_review_issues:** Duplicate GND nets found (two separate nets named "GND") — merge into a single ground net to avoid split returns; ensure all shields and GND pins join the same GND net.
Place VBUS protection and fuse: locate F1 and required TVS as close as possible to J1 VBUS pads; keep VIN trace from J1 to U2 <5 mm and as wide/short as feasible.
USB data routing: route D+ and D- as a controlled-impedance differential pair with matched lengths and consistent spacing; minimize stubs to TVS/CM choke and place TVS with minimal stub. Verify TVS capacitance <1 pF per data line.
Common-mode choke and TVS placement: place L1 and D1 immediately after connector on the data lines; keep differential pair routing continuous through L1.
Power decoupling and LDO: place C1 (VIN decoupling) and C2 (VOUT decoupling) as close as possible to U2 pins with short traces and ground vias; verify capacitor types/values meet XC6220B331MR datasheet stability requirements.
U1 ground/EP: connect the nRF52840 EP (exposed pad) to the GND plane with multiple thermal/ground vias; ensure a continuous ground plane and stitching vias around RF section.
Antenna and RF routing: provide antenna keepout, route RF feed from ANT/U.FL as 50 Ω transmission line, avoid ground pours under the antenna, and maintain required clearance from metal and mounting holes.
SWD header and programming accessibility: ensure J2 is accessible and SWD traces (SWDIO, SWDCLK, nRESET) are short and free of vias where possible.
General layout checks: run ERC/DRC for missing footprints, airwires, overlapping copper, trace-to-pad clearances, minimum trace widths, and verify no copper under antenna keepout.
Priority actions: 1) Fix duplicate GND nets (critical). 2) Re-locate/confirm placement of F1, TVS, and L1 at J1 (high). 3) Check LDO decoupling placement and EP stitching (high). 4) Review USB differential pair routing and antenna keepout (high).
- **Power Requirements:** USB
- **Connectivity:** USB
- **Domain:** Consumer Electronics
- **Connectivity:** Bluetooth
- **Operating Voltage:** 3.3V
- **manufacturability_review:** Consolidated manufacturability analysis and prioritized recommendations:
1) Duplicate GND nets: Multiple nets named "GND" exist — merge into a single GND net so all shield and GND pins share the same return. This is critical to avoid split returns and EMI issues.
2) VBUS protection & placement: Place F1 (PTC/fuse) and the dedicated VBUS TVS as close as possible to J1 VBUS pads. Keep the VIN trace from J1 to U2 <5 mm and as short/wide as practical.
3) USB data protection & routing: Ensure bidirectional TVS on D+ and D- has ≤1 pF capacitance per line. Place the common‑mode choke (L1) immediately after J1, with the differential pair routed continuously through it. Minimize stubs to TVS/CM choke.
4) Differential pair integrity: Route D+ / D- as a matched-length controlled-impedance differential pair (target ~90 Ω diff), consistent spacing, length-matched, with no unnecessary vias; verify settled lengths for USB2.0 timing.
5) LDO decoupling & EP stitching: Place VIN decoupling (C1) and VOUT decoupling (C2/C3) immediately adjacent to U2 VIN/VOUT pins with short traces and ground vias. Verify C type/values meet XC6220B331MR stability and transient requirements. Connect U2 exposed pad to ground plane with multiple thermal/ground vias and stitching around RF area.
6) Antenna & RF keepout: Enforce antenna keepout region, route RF feed as a 50 Ω transmission line (microstrip/stripline per stackup), avoid copper pours under antenna, and maintain required clearances from mounting holes and metal. Add stitching vias at ground plane edges near RF as needed.
7) SWD/programming accessibility: Ensure J2 is physically accessible; keep SWDIO, SWDCLK, and nRESET traces short and avoid vias where possible for reliability during programming.
8) Footprints & assembly: Verify all footprints, pad sizes, solder mask, and courtyard clearances for manufacturability; ensure board-edge USB-C mechanical clearance and pick-and-place access; include fiducials.
9) ERC/DRC checks: Run full ERC/DRC for missing footprints, airwires, overlapping copper, trace-to-pad clearances, minimum trace widths, and copper in antenna keepout. Fix high-priority items before fabrication.
Prioritized next actions:
1) Merge duplicate GND nets (critical).
2) Re-locate/confirm placement of F1, TVS (VBUS), and L1 at J1 (high).
3) Verify LDO decoupling placement, component values, and EP stitching for U2 (high).
4) Review USB D+/D- differential routing and verify TVS capacitance <1 pF (high).
5) Validate antenna keepout and 50 Ω feed geometry (medium).
6) Run ERC/DRC and iterate on layout to resolve any remaining DRC/assembly issues (medium).
End of manufacturability_review.
- **Operating Voltage:** 5V
## Key Components
### D1 — [ESD321DPYR](https://www.flux.ai/corvus96/esd321dpyr~2s.md)
- Datasheet URL: https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/esd321.pdf?HQS=dis-dk-null-digikeymode-dsf-pf-null-wwe&ts=1690491326127&ref_url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.ti.com%252Fgeneral%252Fdocs%252Fsuppproductinfo.tsp%253FdistId%253D10%2526gotoUrl%253Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.ti.com%252Flit%252Fgpn%252Fesd321
- Role Details: Bidirectional TVS diode for USB D+ and D- lines
- Role: Protection
- Manufacturer Name: Texas Instruments
- Manufacturer Part Number: ESD321DPYR
- DataLine_Capacitance_Limit: Verify protection capacitance <= 1pF per data line to meet USB2.0 signal integrity requirements; if part exceeds, select lower-capacitance TVS.
**Pins:**
- GND [pin 2]
- IO [pin 1]
### F1 — [0603L050YR](https://www.flux.ai/jecstronic/0603l050yr~fdt.md)
- Manufacturer Part Number: 0603L050YR
- Role Details: Overcurrent protection for USB VBUS line
- Manufacturer Name: Littelfuse Inc.
- Part Type: Fuse
- License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Datasheet URL: https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/240/media-3321531.pdf
- Role: Protection
- PTC_Fuse_Review: Required — validate hold/trip currents and inrush behavior for USB bus-power; ensure fuse selection does not prevent regulator startup or normal operation.
**Pins:**
- P1 [pin 1]
- P2 [pin 2]
### J1 — [2024100002](https://www.flux.ai/adrian95/2024100002~atk.md)
- Manufacturer Name: Molex
- VBUS_Transient_Protection: Required — add dedicated VBUS transient/surge protection (low-leakage, low-capacitance TVS or surge clamp rated for 5V bus) and document recommended part characteristics.
- Manufacturer Part Number: 2024100002
- Role Details: USB-C receptacle, USB 2.0 differential data lanes + VBUS/GND
- Part Type: Connector
- License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Datasheet URL: https://mm.digikey.com/Volume0/opasdata/d220001/medias/docus/834/202410002_Pkg_Spec.pdf
- Role: Connector
**Pins:**
- CC1 [pin A5]
- CC2 [pin B5]
- DA- [pin A7]
- DA+ [pin A6]
- DB- [pin B7]
- DB+ [pin B6]
- GND1 [pin A1]
- GND2 [pin A12]
- GND3 [pin B1]
- GND4 [pin B12]
- RX1- [pin B10]
- RX1+ [pin B11]
- RX2- [pin A10]
- RX2+ [pin A11]
- SBU1 [pin A8]
- SBU2 [pin B8]
- SHIELD1 [pin SH1]
- SHIELD2 [pin SH2]
- SHIELD3 [pin SH3]
- SHIELD4 [pin SH4]
- TX1- [pin A3]
- TX1+ [pin A2]
- TX2- [pin B3]
- TX2+ [pin B2]
- VBUS1 [pin A4]
- VBUS2 [pin A9]
- VBUS3 [pin B4]
- VBUS4 [pin B9]
### J2 — [ARM JTAG SWD 10Pin 0.05" Connector](https://www.flux.ai/vasy_skral/arm-jtag-swd-10pin-005-connector~y0b.md)
- Role: Connector
- Manufacturer Name: Analog Devices
- Role Details: SWD programming/debug header, 10-pin ARM JTAG/SWD 1.27 mm
- Datasheet URL: https://suddendocs.samtec.com/catalog_english/ftsh_smt.pdf
- Part Type: Connector
- Manufacturer Part Number: FTSH-105-01-L-DV-007-K
**Pins:**
- ~RESET~ [pin 10]
- GND [pin 5]
- GND [pin 3]
- GNDDetect [pin 9]
- NC/TDI [pin 8]
- SWDCLK/TCK [pin 4]
- SWDIO/TMS [pin 2]
- SWO/TDO [pin 6]
- VTref [pin 1]
### J3 — [U.FL-R-SMT-1(10)](https://www.flux.ai/jecstronic/upfl-r-smt-110~du.md)
- License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Manufacturer Part Number: U.FL-R-SMT-1(10)
- Role: Connector
- Manufacturer Name: Hirose Electric Co Ltd
- Role Details: External antenna connector for BLE SoC
- Part Type: Connector
- Datasheet URL: https://media.digikey.com/pdf/Data%20Sheets/Hirose%20PDFs/EDC3-302540-10.tif.pdf
**Pins:**
- Center_Contact [pin 2]
- Outer_Contact [pin 1]
- Outer_Contact [pin 3]
### U1 — [NRF52840-QIAA-R](https://www.flux.ai/lcsc/nrf52840-qiaa-r~yts0.md)
- LCSC Part Number: C190794
- Package or Case Code: AQFN-73_L7.0-W7.0-P0.50-BL-EP4.8
- JLCPCB Part Class: Extended Part
- Part Type: RF Transceiver ICs
- Role Details: BLE SoC with native USB device support
- Product Info Url: https://lcsc.com/product-detail/Others_Nordic-Semicon_NRF52840-QIAA-R_Nordic-Semicon-NRF52840-QIAA-R_C190794.html
- Datasheet URL: https://storage.googleapis.com/graviton-electric-symbols/document_assets/lcsc/2304140030_Nordic-Semicon-NRF52840-QIAA-R_C190794.pdf
- Role: Main MCU
- Manufacturer Part Number: NRF52840-QIAA-R
- Manufacturer Name: NORDIC
**Pins:**
- ANT [pin H23]
- D- [pin AD4]
- D+ [pin B16]
- DCC [pin B3]
- DCCH [pin AB2]
- DEC1 [pin C1]
- DEC2 [pin A18]
- DEC3 [pin D23]
- DEC4 [pin B5]
- DEC5 [pin N24]
- DEC6 [pin E24]
- DECUSB [pin AC5]
- EP [pin 0]
- P0.00/XL1 [pin D2]
- P0.01/XL2 [pin F2]
- P0.02/AIN0 [pin A12]
- P0.03/AIN1 [pin B13]
- P0.04/AIN2 [pin J1]
- P0.05/AIN3 [pin K2]
- P0.06 [pin L1]
- P0.07/TRACECLK [pin M2]
- P0.08 [pin N1]
- P0.09/NFC1 [pin L24]
- P0.10/NFC2 [pin J24]
- P0.11 [pin T2]
- P0.12/TRACEDATA1 [pin U1]
- P0.13 [pin AD8]
- P0.14 [pin AC9]
- P0.15 [pin B17]
- P0.16 [pin AC11]
- P0.17 [pin AD12]
- P0.18/nRESET [pin AC13]
- P0.19 [pin AC15]
- P0.20 [pin AD16]
- P0.21 [pin D2]
- P0.22 [pin AD18]
- P0.23 [pin AC19]
- P0.24 [pin AD20]
- P0.25 [pin AC21]
- P0.26 [pin G1]
- P0.27 [pin H2]
- P0.28/AIN4 [pin B11]
- P0.29/AIN5 [pin A10]
- P0.30/AIN6 [pin B9]
- P0.31/AIN7 [pin A8]
- P1.00/TRACEDATA0 [pin AD22]
- P1.01 [pin Y23]
- P1.02 [pin W24]
- P1.03 [pin V23]
- P1.04 [pin U24]
- P1.05 [pin T23]
- P1.06 [pin R24]
- P1.07 [pin P23]
- P1.08 [pin P2]
- P1.09/TRACEDATA3 [pin R1]
- P1.10 [pin A20]
- P1.11 [pin B19]
- P1.12 [pin B17]
- P1.13 [pin A16]
- P1.14 [pin B15]
- P1.15 [pin A14]
- SWDCLK [pin AA24]
- SWDIO [pin AC24]
- VBUS [pin AD2]
- VDD [pin A22]
- VDD [pin AD14]
- VDD [pin AD23]
- VDD [pin B1]
- VDD [pin W1]
- VDDH [pin Y2]
- VSS [pin B7]
- VSS_PA [pin F23]
- XC1 [pin B24]
- XC2 [pin A23]
### U2 — [XC6220B331MR](https://www.flux.ai/kicad-part-library/xc6220b331mr~l55.md)
- Manufacturer Part Number: XC6220B331MR
- DropoutHeadroomCheck: Required — verify VIN headroom at max USB-host current; confirm VOUT (3.3V) + regulator dropout margin remains within worst-case VBUS sag and cable/connector losses; verify regulator can supply peak BLE and USB inrush currents. Reference: XC6220B331MR datasheet.
- Datasheet URL: https://www.torexsemi.com/file/xc6220/XC6220.pdf
- InputTransientRequirement: Required — specify VBUS transient protection requirements for upstream review (TVS clamping voltage, power rating, low capacitance if possible).
- Role: Power Conversion
- Package or Case Code: SOT-23-5
- Role Details: 5V to 3.3V LDO regulator for BLE SoC power rail
**Pins:**
- CE [pin 3]
- GND [pin 2]
- NC [pin 4]
- VIN [pin 1]
- VOUT [pin 5]
*The full schematic, PCB layout, bill of materials, and interactive design are available at [https://www.flux.ai/rintoj/zoophagous-amaranth-electromagnetic-shrinking-machine~ad](https://www.flux.ai/rintoj/zoophagous-amaranth-electromagnetic-shrinking-machine~ad).*
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