Proceed with final stabilization of the PCB design:
- Grounding and validation:
- Fix all grounding issues and enforce a strict single star-ground topology at the 12V input only
- Ensure complete separation of analog, digital, and power return paths with no unintended coupling
- Rerun full ERC and DRC after grounding corrections and resolve all remaining violations
- Component placement:
- Place the Arduino Nano centrally between the analog front-end (TL072 + LM393) and the power driver section (TC4420 + IRF3205 + coil)
- Maintain clear physical separation between analog and power domains to minimize electromagnetic coupling
- Power integrity:
- Add bulk capacitors for each power domain:
- Analog domain: 10µF–47µF low-noise capacitor
- Digital domain: 10µF–47µF capacitor near Arduino Nano
- Power domain: 100µF–470µF near coil driver input
- Ensure each bulk capacitor is placed close to its respective power entry point
- Final review:
- Re-check decoupling placement (100nF at every IC power pin)
- Verify no routing crosses between analog and power zones
- Confirm coil driver loop remains minimal and isolated
Only proceed to final Gerber, BOM, and Pick-and-Place generation after all checks pass successfully.