• Terminal
    Terminal
    An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.
  • Ground
    A common return path for electric current. Commonly known as ground.
  • Net Portal
    A net identifier used to create connectivity to other Net Portal with the same designator. #portal
  • Power Net Portal
    Power net portal is a special schematic object used to define a power or ground net. Power ports allow you to conveniently indicate a power net at any location in the design. Power nets of the same designator automatically connect throughout your design #portal #power
  • Generic Resistor
    A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
  • Generic Capacitor
    A generic fixed capacitor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
  • Generic Inductor
    A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
  • RMCF0805JT47K0
    47 kOhms ±5% 0.125W, 1/8W Chip Resistor 0805 (2012 Metric) Automotive AEC-Q200 Thick Film #forLedBlink
  • 875105359001
    10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcan
  • CTL1206FYW1T
    Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlink
U2
U1 P0 - K1 A1
U1 P0 - K1 A1
5V_DC
K1
U1 P0 - K1 A1
U6 GND - U1 VSS
Q1

[2-layer] JLCPCB Constraints 9PQK

[2-layer] JLCPCB Constraints 9PQK
Description

Created
December 8th 2024
Last updated by mertglm
2 months ago
1 Contributor(s)
mertglm

Controls

Properties

Preferred Distributors
LCSC

Availability & Pricing

DistributorQty 1
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Digi-Key$4.75–$8.57
LCSC$2.92
Mouser$8.01
Verical$5.02–$7.18

Assets

Simulation

µs

Simulation Speed

PCF8574DWR is output high or low? how should I connect my relay to that?
@copilot PCF8574DWR is output high or low? how should I connect my relay to that?
2mo
The PCF8574DWR is an I2C I/O expander from Texas Instruments. Each of its I/O pins can be configured as either an input or an output. When configured as an output, each pin can be set to high (VDD) or low (VSS).
To control a relay using an output pin from the PCF8574DWR, you'll typically use the I/O pin to drive a transistor, which in turn will control the relay coil.
Connection Guide:
  1. Transistor Selection:
    • Use an NPN transistor or an N-MOSFET that can handle the relay coil's current.
    • A common choice for NPN is the 2N3904 or for N-MOSFET, the 2N7000.
  2. Connections:
    • PCF8574DWR Output: Connect the desired output pin (e.g., U1:P0) to the base/gate of the transistor through a current-limiting resistor (e.g., 1 kΩ).
    • Transistor Emitter/Source: Connect to ground (GND).
    • Transistor Collector/Drain: Connect to one terminal of the relay coil.
    • Relay Coil: Connect the other terminal of the relay coil to the positive voltage supply (e.g., 5V).
    • Flyback Diode: Place a diode (e.g., 1N4001) across the relay coil with the cathode connected to the positive supply and the anode to the transistor collector/drain. This diode protects against voltage spikes when the relay coil is de-energized.
  3. Control Logic:
    • Set the PCF8574DWR output pin high to turn on the transistor, energizing the relay coil.
    • Set the output pin low to turn off the transistor, de-energizing the relay coil.
Here's how to connect it in text form:
  • Connect U1:P0 to the base of the NPN transistor through a 1 kΩ resistor.
  • Connect the emitter of the transistor to ground.
  • Connect the collector of the transistor to one terminal of the relay coil.
  • Connect the other terminal of the relay coil to 5V.
  • Place a flyback diode across the relay coil with the cathode connected to 5V and the anode connected to the collector.
This setup will allow you to control the relay using the outputs of the PCF8574DWR. Let me know if you need help with anything else!
2mo
how can I connec the npn to circuit?
2mo
To connect the NPN transistor into your circuit for controlling the relay, you'll need to ensure that the transistor is correctly configured to switch the relay coil on and off. Let's assume you have an NPN transistor like the 2N3904.
Step-by-Step Connection Guide:
  1. Transistor Connections:
    • Base (B): Connect this to an I/O pin of the PCF8574DWR (e.g., U1U1:P0) using a current-limiting resistor (usually about 1 kΩ). This resistor prevents excessive current from flowing into the base.
    • Collector (C): Connect this to one terminal of the relay coil.
    • Emitter (E): Connect this to ground (GND).
  2. Additional Components:
    • Flyback Diode: Place a diode (e.g., 1N4001) across the relay coil to protect the circuit from voltage spikes. The cathode should be connected to the supply voltage (e.g., 5V), and the anode should be connected to the collector of the transistor.
    • Relay: Connect the other terminal of the relay coil to the power supply (e.g., 5V).
Connection Summary:
  • Connect [PCF8574DWR] (U1U1:P0) to the base of the transistor through a 1 kΩ resistor.
  • Connect the collector of the transistor to one terminal of the relay coil.
  • Connect the emitter of the transistor to GND.
  • Connect the other terminal of the relay coil to 5V.
  • Place a flyback diode (e.g., 1N4001) across the relay coil, ensuring the cathode is connected to 5V and the anode to the collector.
Control Logic:
  • To energize the relay coil, set the output pin on the PCF8574DWR high. This allows current to flow through the base, turning the transistor on and energizing the relay coil.
  • To de-energize the relay coil, set the output pin low.
By following this setup, you'll successfully integrate the NPN transistor into your circuit for relay control. Let me know if there's anything else you'd like to know or if you need further clarification!
2mo
how can I connect the k1 to q1?
2mo
To connect the relay K1 to the NPN transistor Q1, you'll need to connect the relay's coil to the transistor in such a way that the transistor acts as a switch for the relay.
Connection Details:
  1. Relay Coil:
    • K1 has two pins for its coil, K1:A1 and K1:A2.
    • You should connect one of these pins to the power supply (e.g., 5V).
  2. Transistor:
    • Connect K1:A1 (assuming this is connected to the collector) to Q1:C (collector pin).
    • Connect K1:A2 to the 5V power supply directly.
  3. General Reminder:
    • Connect Q1:E (emitter) to ground.
    • Connect the base of Q1 to the controlling output pin (e.g., U1:P0) on the PCF8574DWR through a current-limiting resistor.
Safety Note:
  • Add a flyback diode across the relay coil, ensuring the cathode is connected to the power supply and the anode is connected to K1:A1 (where it connects to the transistor collector).
Connection Summary:
  • Connect K1:A1 to Q1:C.
  • Connect K1:A2 to 5V.
  • Connect a flyback diode across K1:A1 and K1:A2.
By setting it up in this way, the transistor will control the relay, allowing you to switch the relay on and off using the output from the PCF8574DWR. If you have any questions or need further details, feel free to ask!
2mo
can you labeling again bc it didnt work before?
@copilot can you labeling again bc it didnt work before?
2mo
It seems like you're asking about labeling components or nets in your project. Could you clarify what specifically you would like to label or rename? Are you looking to adjust the labels of designators, nets, or something else within your schematic? Let me know how I can assist you with the labeling!
2mo
Connect 5V output to ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN. PCF8574DWR Power: Connect 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD PCF8574DWR:VDD. Relay Coil Power: Connect 5V output to the coil terminal of SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2 SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2. GND Connections: ESP32 Ground: Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND to the common ground. PCF8574DWR Ground: Connect PCF8574DWR:VSS PCF8574DWR:VSS to the common ground. Relay Ground: Connect all SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND pins to the common ground.
2mo
Let's go through the connections you've mentioned, ensuring everything is set correctly:
Power Connections
  • ESP32-DEVKIT-V1 Power:
    • Connect 5V output to ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN and make sure it is correctly powered.
  • PCF8574DWR Power:
    • Connect 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD to supply voltage to the chip.
  • Relay Coil Power:
    • Connect 5V output to SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2 to power the coil terminal of the relay.
Ground Connections
  • ESP32 Ground:
  • PCF8574DWR Ground:
  • Relay Ground:
If you're encountering issues with labeling or connections within Flux, double-check that each component is properly linked in the schematic. If something still isn't working, feel free to provide more details or screenshots if possible, and I'll help troubleshoot further!
2mo
can you label again. now I added a power net portal 5v_dc. so you will label the devices with this power portal
2mo
Great! You've added a power net portal labeled 5V_DC. Let's relabel the devices to correctly reflect connections to this power portal. Here’s how you can establish those connections:
Power Connections Ground Connections
Ensure all components have a common ground as described earlier, using an additional ground portal if necessary.
Let me know if you need any more adjustments or further assistance with your schematic!
2mo
can you check relay would work? is there any wrong onnection?
2mo
Let's review the relay connections to ensure everything is set up correctly for the SRD-05VDC-SL-C relay. Relay wiring can be crucial for its operation, so here's a quick check:
Relay Connections
  1. Power to the Coil:
    • You've connected 5V_DC to the coil terminal SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2. This is correct to energize the relay coil.
  2. Common Ground:
    • Ensure SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND is connected to the common ground. However, the relay does not have a specified ground pin for basic models like SRD-05VDC-SL-C, as it relies on the switching mechanism. The coil sides are internally connected.
  3. Relay Contacts:
    • COM (Common) Pin: Usually connected to one terminal of the circuit you wish to control. For the SRD-05VDC-SL-C, this would be SRD-05VDC-SL-C:COM.
    • NO (Normally Open) / NC (Normally Closed) Pins:
      • NO: Connect the terminal of your load if you want it to only receive power when the relay is activated (SRD-05VDC-SL-C:NO).
      • NC: Used less frequently, but this would keep the circuit closed until the relay is activated (SRD-05VDC-SL-C:NC).
Checking Inputs
  • Ensure that the relay coil is properly driven by an I/O pin or a transistor circuit capable of providing sufficient current to activate the coil, depending on your control requirements.
If any part of the circuit isn't working as expected, verify the coil is receiving enough current and that there are no issues with the connections to the load you are controlling. If you can share the specific use case or loads connected, it could further help in troubleshooting!
2mo
can you label the all ESP32 Power: Connect 5V output to ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN ESP3...
@copilot can you label the all ESP32 Power: Connect 5V output to ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN.
PCF8574DWR Power: Connect 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD PCF8574DWR:VDD.
Relay Coil Power: Connect 5V output to the coil terminal of SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2 SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2.
GND Connections: ESP32 Ground: Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND to the common ground.
PCF8574DWR Ground: Connect PCF8574DWR:VSS PCF8574DWR:VSS to the common ground.
Relay Ground: Connect all SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND pins to the common ground.
2mo
Certainly! Let's go through the labeling of each component based on your description:
ESP32 Power
  • Connect 5V output to:
    • ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN
    • Note: Typically, ESP32 boards like the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1 are powered by 3.3V. Double-check the board's specifications to ensure it can take 5V at VIN.
PCF8574DWR Power Relay Coil Power GND Connections
Ensure that all the power and ground connections are properly routed on your PCB layout in Flux. If any assumptions don't align with your intentions, feel free to clarify!
2mo
But I should connect k1 to first PCF8574DWR then esp32. bc at the end I will hav...
@copilot But I should connect k1 to first PCF8574DWR then esp32. bc at the end I will have 16 realy
2mo
Since you plan to control 16 relays using the PCF8574DWR and ESP32-DEVKIT-V1, you'll want to utilize these as follows:
  1. Connect PCF8574DWR to ESP32:
  2. Connect Relays to PCF8574DWR:
    • Each relay (like K1) can be controlled using the output pins of the PCF8574DWR.
    • Connect PCF8574DWR:P0 to K1:A1. You will repeat this for each additional relay, connecting to subsequent output pins $P1, P2, \ldots$ up to $P7$ of the PCF8574DWR and then potentially using additional PCF8574DWRs for more relays.
    • Make sure K1:GND pin is also connected to the system's ground.
  3. Power Connections:
    • Connect PCF8574DWR:VDD to your 3.3V power source if the relays are 3.3V driven; otherwise, ensure you have a suitable power source to drive the relays.
    • For the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1, use a 5V power source to VIN or a 3.3V power source to 3V3 pin depending on your circuit design.
This setup assumes you need total control over each relay from the ESP32 through I2C using the PCF8574DWR for simplifying GPIO control. Let me know if you have any more specific questions or need further guidance!
2mo
ı cant find the d21 in this
2mo
You're correct, and I apologize for the confusion earlier. The ESP32-DEVKIT-V1\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1} in your project has different pin labeling. Let's use the correct pins for I2C communication:
  1. ESP32 I2C Pins:
    • The default I2C pins are typically GPIO22 for SCL and GPIO21 for SDA. In your board, these would correspond to D22\text{D22} and D21\text{D21}.
Let's make the connections with your components accordingly:
  1. Connect PCF8574DWR\text{PCF8574DWR} to ESP32:
    • Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:D22 (SCL)\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1} : \text{D22 (SCL)} to PCF8574DWR:SCL\text{PCF8574DWR} : \text{SCL}.
    • Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:D21 (SDA)\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1} : \text{D21 (SDA)} to PCF8574DWR:SDA\text{PCF8574DWR} : \text{SDA}.
    • Connect both ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1} : \text{GND} and PCF8574DWR:VSS\text{PCF8574DWR} : \text{VSS} to a common ground.
  2. Connect Relays to PCF8574DWR\text{PCF8574DWR}:
    • For controlling relays such as K1\text{K1}:
      • Connect PCF8574DWR:P0\text{PCF8574DWR} : \text{P0} to K1:A1\text{K1} : \text{A1}. Repeat for other relays, utilizing additional P-pins for each relay (up to P7).
Ensure that the relays are powered separately if they require more than what the I/O expander can supply. Let me know if any part of this needs further explanation!
2mo
can you make the definetions again?
2mo
Certainly! Let's redefine the setup for connecting the components in your project involving the PCF8574DWR, ESP32-DEVKIT-V1, and relays like the SRD-05VDC-SL-C:
Connections Overview
  1. I2C Communication between ESP32 and PCF8574DWR:
  2. Relay Control using PCF8574DWR:
    • PCF8574DWR Output Pins:
      • Output Pins for Relays: P0 to P7
    • Relay Pins:
      • Control Pin: SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A1
      • Common Ground: Connected to system GND
    • Connections for Relays:
      • Connect PCF8574DWR:P0 to SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A1 for the first relay.
      • Repeat the connection using subsequent P-pins (P1, P2, etc.) for additional relays if necessary.
  3. Power and Ground Connections:
    • Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND to PCF8574DWR:VSS.
    • Ensure all components are connected to a common power source as needed, ensuring that the power matches the specifications for each component.
Additional Notes
  • You can control up to 8 relays with one PCF8574 since it has 8 GPIO pins. If you want to control 16 relays, you'll need a second PCF8574DWR or another I/O expander.
  • Ensure your power supply can handle the current requirements for all relays when they are activated.
Feel free to ask if you need further assistance or clarification on any of the steps!
2mo
also make gnd labeling
2mo
Certainly! Let's define the connections with the appropriate ground labeling for all components involved in your project. This will help ensure that all components share a common ground reference.
Connections Overview with GND Labeling
  1. I2C Communication between ESP32 and PCF8574DWR:
  2. Relay Control using PCF8574DWR:
    • PCF8574DWR Output Pins:
      • Output Pins for Relays: P0 to P7
    • Relay Pins:
    • Connections for Relays:
      • Connect PCF8574DWR:P0 to SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A1 for the first relay.
      • Repeat the connection using subsequent P-pins (P1, P2, etc.) for additional relays if necessary.
  3. Ground (GND) Connections:
Power and Ground Considerations
  • Make sure the power source for the relays is capable of providing sufficient current for all activated relays.
  • It’s crucial to ensure all GND pins from various devices are tied to a single common ground to avoid potential ground loops.
By maintaining a consistent ground reference across all parts, you'll ensure proper operation and avoid unwanted behavior due to floating voltages. Let me know if you need anything else!
2mo
can you inport powersupply?
2mo
Certainly! Let's include a power supply in your circuit and detail how it should be connected to ensure all components function correctly.
Power Supply Integration
To power your components like the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1, PCF8574DWR, and relays like SRD-05VDC-SL-C, here's what you should do:
  1. Power Supply for ESP32:
    • The ESP32-DEVKIT-V1 typically requires a 5V power input through its VIN pin or 3.3V through its 3.3V pin.
    • For simplicity, let's assume you're using a 5V USB power source connected to VIN.
  2. Power Supply for PCF8574DWR:
    • The PCF8574DWR operates at 5V, so it can be powered from the same 5V supply as the ESP32.
    • Connect the 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD.
  3. Power Supply for Relays:
    • Ensure the relay coils are powered according to their specifications. Since SRD-05VDC-SL-C is a 5V relay, use the same 5V power supply.
    • Connect the 5V supply to the relay's coil terminal (A2), and ensure SRD-05VDC-SL-C:COM is connected to the load you wish to switch.
  4. Common Ground (GND):
Component Connections Summary
This setup ensures that all components are powered appropriately and share a unified ground reference. Let me know if you have further questions or need modifications!
2mo
can you label Component Connections Summary 5V Power Source: Connect 5V output to the VIN pin of the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1.
Connect 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD.
Connect 5V output to the coil terminal of SRD-05VDC-SL-C.
GND Connections: Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND to the common ground.
Connect PCF8574DWR:VSS to the common ground.
Connect all SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND pins to the common ground.
2mo
Certainly! Here's a more structured summary with labeled connections:
Component Connections Summary
5V Power Source:
  • ESP32 Power:
    • Connect 5V output to ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:VIN}.
  • PCF8574DWR Power:
    • Connect 5V output to PCF8574DWR:VDD\text{PCF8574DWR:VDD}.
  • Relay Coil Power:
    • Connect 5V output to the coil terminal of SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2\text{SRD-05VDC-SL-C:A2}.
GND Connections:
  • ESP32 Ground:
    • Connect ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND\text{ESP32-DEVKIT-V1:GND} to the common ground.
  • PCF8574DWR Ground:
    • Connect PCF8574DWR:VSS\text{PCF8574DWR:VSS} to the common ground.
  • Relay Ground:
    • Connect all SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND\text{SRD-05VDC-SL-C GND} pins to the common ground.
This labeling should clarify the connections required for powering and grounding your components correctly. If there's anything more you'd like to adjust or explore, feel free to ask!
2mo
how can I connect the k1 ?
@copilot how can I connect the k1 ?
2mo
The relay K1 you are using, with part number SRD-05VDC-SL-C, generally comes with five pins: A1, A2, NC (Normally Closed), COM (Common), and NO (Normally Open).
Here's how you can make basic connections for K1:
  1. Coil Connections (to energize the relay):
    • Connect K1:A1 to a control signal, such as from a microcontroller GPIO pin. This might be a signal from the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1 or another controlling module. Ensure that the signal can provide enough current to energize the relay.
    • Connect K1:A2 to GND. This completes the coil circuit when K1:A1 is powered.
  2. Switching Connections (to control another circuit):
    • Connect K1:COM to one terminal of the load you wish to control—this could be a lamp, motor, heater, etc.
    • Connect K1:NO (Normally Open) or K1:NC (Normally Closed) depending on the desired action when the relay is energized. Typically, NO is used if you want the load to be off when the relay coil is de-energized.
    • The other terminal of the load should be connected to your power supply.
Note:
  • Make sure to check if the current and voltage ratings of the relay match your application's requirements.
  • It's often a good idea to use a flyback diode across the relay coil (between K1:A1 and K1:A2) to prevent voltage spikes when the relay coil is de-energized.
Please let me know if you need further assistance or adjustments based on specific requirements or additional components in your circuit!
2mo
most effient voltage for this project is what is? 12V or 5V. I will chose relay
@copilot most effient voltage for this project is what is? 12V or 5V. I will chose relay
2mo
In deciding which voltage to use for this project, there are a few considerations:
  1. Component Voltage Requirements:
    • Most of the components in your project, such as the ESP32-DEVKIT-V1, ESP32-WROOM-32D, ADS1115IDGST, and PCF8574DWR, typically operate at 3.3V or are compatible with 3.3V logic levels. However, power typically comes from 5V or 3.3V supplies depending on the power source and module input specifications.
  2. Relay Coil Voltage:
    • If you're planning to use a relay, the coil voltage requirement will also play a big role. Standard relays often come in coil voltages of 5V, 12V, and sometimes even higher. It's important to choose the relay coil voltage that matches your system power supply.
  3. Power Supply Availability:
    • If you already have a power supply that can output both 5V and 12V, you might have more flexibility. However, if you have a single fixed voltage supply, you’ll need to select that voltage.
  4. Efficiency Considerations:
    • Generally speaking, lower voltage levels (such as 5V) might lead to higher efficiency in low-power circuits due to reduced power loss $P = IV$. However, efficiency also highly depends on the regulators and converters used within the circuit.
Given these points, using 5V might be simpler and more efficient since most components onboard are designed to frequently operate at or be compatible with this voltage level, and many relays have a 5V coil variant available. You may need a voltage regulator to provide 3.3V from 5V for components like the ESP32, if applicable.
Does this align with your power supply setup, or would you like a different point of view based on specific relay coil voltage preferences?
2mo
should I put powersupply inside circuit or outside. bc this main reason is being...
@copilot should I put powersupply inside circuit or outside. bc this main reason is being circuit breaker
2mo
When deciding whether to place a power supply inside or outside your circuit enclosure, several factors should be considered:
  1. Heat Dissipation:
    • Inside: Can cause heat buildup, potentially affecting other components in the enclosure. Proper ventilation or cooling would be needed.
    • Outside: Easier to manage heat as the power supply is separate from heat-sensitive components.
  2. Space Constraints:
    • Inside: Requires more space within the enclosure, which might be limited.
    • Outside: Frees up internal space for other components.
  3. Safety and Compliance:
    • Inside: Requires ensuring that the enclosure isolation and component placement comply with safety standards.
    • Outside: Often simplifies compliance with safety regulations as the power supply can be separately enclosed.
  4. Accessibility:
    • Inside: May be less accessible for maintenance or replacement.
    • Outside: Easier to replace or maintain.
  5. Component Protection:
    • Inside: Protects the power supply from environmental factors if the enclosure is robust.
    • Outside: May require additional protection if in an exposed environment.
  6. Circuit Breaker Considerations:
    • Circuit Failures: If the power supply is inside and contributing to circuit breaker trips, consider checking for overload, shorts, or power supply faults.
    • Isolation: An external power supply can sometimes help isolate power issues away from the main circuit.
For your specific situation, if the power supply is suspected to be the reason for a circuit breaker issue, it would be beneficial to initially check current draw and verify the power supply's health. Moving it outside could help diagnose and manage this problem by isolating the power supply for troubleshooting or replacement.
Would you like help examining your setup further for any additional troubleshooting?
2mo
I want to tell you project purpose: it gonna be smart house circuit breaker. Thu...
@copilot I want to tell you project purpose: it gonna be smart house circuit breaker. Thus It will control the all house devices by relays. The project will be economic but should be well thinked as Im electronic and software engineer. I want 16 relay output to control home devices "lamps, plugs etc". also I want to able to measure watt of the devices. I will need energy meter for each relay. relays can be max 15 or 16 Amps, its enough for home devices. the relay board should be compoct as much as can because I will install in the house switch box.
2mo
That sounds like a fantastic project! Designing a smart house circuit breaker that can control and monitor home devices efficiently involves integrating multiple components effectively. Here's a high-level approach you might consider for your design:
Core Components:
  1. Microcontroller/SoC:
    • You already have an ESP32-DEVKIT-V1 and ESP32-WROOM-32D included in your project. These are perfect for IoT applications, given their built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities.
  2. Relays:
    • You'll need a 16-channel relay module capable of handling up to 16A of current. Ensure the relays are switched using an appropriate driver circuit to protect your microcontroller.
  3. Energy Monitoring ICs:
    • Consider using an IC like the ADE7753 or similar, which can measure parameters such as real power, apparent power, and power factor for each channel.
Layout and Design Considerations:
  • Compact PCB Design:
    • Utilize the 1-2 layer constraint of Flux's JLCPCB template to keep the board cost-effective.
    • Segment your PCB design to isolate high voltage areas safely from low voltage microcontroller control circuits.
  • Relay Control:
    • Use opto-isolators to control relays for additional protection.
    • For compactness, consider relay modules with stacked or compact relay designs.
  • Energy Measurement Connections:
    • Directly connect each energy monitoring IC to the ESP32 over I2C or SPI, allowing real-time data collection and processing.
    • For instance, connect energy meter ICs on I2C interface; you may have to deal with addressing conflicts using addr pins or alternative interface.
Example: Connecting Components
  • ESP32 Connectivity:
    • Connect U6:3V3U6:3V3 to all energy monitoring IC VDD pins for power.
    • Use U6:GNDU6:GND to all ground connections.
    • Utilize U6U6's I/O pins to control relay inputs and communicate with energy measurement ICs.
  • Energy Measurement:
    • Connect each energy-metering IC output to a relay's input to ensure it measures the connected load accurately.
    • Connect the communication pins (e.g., SDA and SCL for I2C) of all energy measurement ICs in parallel with your microcontroller.
Questions to Consider:
  • Do you have a preferred energy metering IC, or would you like recommendations?
  • Are there any other specific functionalities you'd like to include in this smart house controller besides wattage measurement and device control?
We can go into further detail on specific connections, layouts, or component choices based on your preferences!
2mo
can you tell me the steps one by one what should ı do?
@copilot can you tell me the steps one by one what should ı do?
2mo
Certainly! Based on your project details, it seems you're starting with a collection of components, including several ADS1115IDGST\text{ADS1115IDGST} ADCs, a PCF8574DWR\text{PCF8574DWR} I/O expander, and ESP32 modules. Let's outline the steps to create a functional schematic and PCB layout:
Step 1: Define the Circuit's Purpose
  • Understand the objective: Define what function this circuit will serve. Is it meant to gather analog data, control devices, or communicate data wirelessly?
Step 2: Power Supply Setup
  • Identify power requirements: Determine if any components need specific voltage levels. For example, the ADS1115\text{ADS1115} and ESP32 modules typically need 3.3V.
  • Connect power:
    • Connect all VDD pins to a 3.3V power source.
    • Connect all GND pins to a common ground.
Step 3: I2C Communication Setup
  • Identify SDA and SCL lines: Use common SDA and SCL lines for I2C devices.
  • Connect components:
    • Connect U1:SDA\text{U1:SDA} to U3:SDA\text{U3:SDA}, U4:SDA\text{U4:SDA}, and ESP32 SDA pin.
    • Connect U1:SCL\text{U1:SCL} to U3:SCL\text{U3:SCL}, U4:SCL\text{U4:SCL}, and ESP32 SCL pin.
Step 4: Address Configuration
  • Configure I2C addresses: Set ADDR pins or relevant address lines to prevent conflicts.
    • Each ADS1115 should have a unique address configuration.
Step 5: Additional Connections
  • Attach sensors or components: Connect sensors or other peripherals to ADC inputs and I/O expander ports.
Step 6: Review Circuit
  • Check for errors: Ensure all connections are correct and that no electrical rule is violated.
Step 7: PCB Layout
  • Place Components: Start with power components, then move to I/O.
  • Route Traces: Start with power and critical signals like SDA/SCL.
  • Add Ground Plane: For stability and noise reduction.
Step 8: Manufacturing and Testing
  • Export Gerber Files: Prepare files for manufacturing.
  • Test prototype: Validate functionality before mass production.
If you need more detailed guidance or have specific queries regarding any of these steps, feel free to ask!
2mo
hangi esp32 daha ekonomik ve aralarındaki fark ne ?
@copilot hangi esp32 daha ekonomik ve aralarındaki fark ne ?
2mo
ESP32 ailesi, çeşitli modelleri içeren bir mikrodenetleyici serisidir ve fiyatlar, özellikler ve kullanım senaryolarına bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterebilir. İşte en yaygın ESP32 modellerinden bazıları ve temel farkları:
    • Genel Kullanım: Çoğu uygulama için yeterli olan en yaygın ve ekonomik modellerden biridir.
    • Fiyat: Genellikle uygun fiyatlıdır ve geniş bir destek ağına sahiptir.
    • Özellikler: Wi-Fi ve Bluetooth desteği ile entegre.
    • Genel Kullanım: Gelişmiş uygulamalar için önerilir.
    • Fiyat: WROOM-32'den biraz daha pahalıdır.
    • Özellikler: Ekstra PSRAM desteği ile birlikte gelir, bu nedenle hafıza ihtiyacının yüksek olduğu projeler için uygundur.
    • Genel Kullanım: Daha kompakt boyutlara veya entegre edilmiş modüllere ihtiyaç duyulan uygulamalar için.
    • Fiyat: Genellikle daha uygun fiyatlıdır.
    • Özellikler: Özellikle boyut ve kullanım alanı açısından avantaj sağlar.
Genel olarak, ekonomik ESP32 modelleri arasında ESP32WROOM32ESP32-WROOM-32 en popüler olanıdır. Uygulamanız için hangi ESP32 modelinin daha uygun olduğunu belirlemek amacıyla projenizin gereksinimlerini dikkate almanız gerekecektir. Özellikle ekstra hafıza veya daha küçük bir form faktörü gerekip gerekmediğini değerlendirmenizde fayda var.
2mo
16 adet röle ve akım sensörü kontrolü için ESP32 seçimi ve kontrol yöntemini açı...
@copilot 16 adet röle ve akım sensörü kontrolü için ESP32 seçimi ve kontrol yöntemini açıklayayım. ESP32 IO Genişletme ve Bağlantı ŞemasıClick to open diagram Önerilen Donanım Yapılandırması:
ESP32 Modeli:
ESP32-WROOM-32D veya ESP32-WROVER-B En az 4MB Flash GPIO sayısı yetersiz kalacağı için I2C ve SPI genişletme modülleri kullanılmalı
I/O Genişletme için:
2 adet PCF8575 I2C I/O Expander
Her biri 16 pin sağlar Röleleri kontrol etmek için kullanılacak I2C adresleri farklı olmalı
ADC Genişletme için:
4 adet ADS1115 16-bit ADC
Her biri 4 kanal sağlar Toplam 16 akım sensörü için yeterli Yüksek hassasiyet (16-bit) I2C üzerinden haberleşme
Bağlantı Detayları:
I2C Bus:
SDA: GPIO21 SCL: GPIO22 Pull-up dirençleri gerekli
SPI Bus:
MOSI: GPIO23 MISO: GPIO19 SCK: GPIO18 CS: Her modül için ayrı GPIO
Güç Gereksinimleri:
ESP32: 5V/1A Röle Modülleri: 5V/2A Sensörler: 5V/1A Toplam en az 4A kapasiteli güç kaynağı
PCB Tasarım Önerileri:
Çift katmanlı PCB Güç ve sinyal hatları ayrı EMI koruması için uygun track tasarımı Her modül için bypass kapasitörleri Röle ve sensörler için optik izolasyon
2mo
Görünen o ki, 16 röleyi ve akım sensörlerini kontrol etmek için ESP32 tabanlı bir sistem tasarımına ihtiyacınız var. Burada ESP32-WROOM-32D\text{ESP32-WROOM-32D} veya ESP32-WROVER-B\text{ESP32-WROVER-B} ile başlayıp I2C ve SPI genişletme modüllerini kullanabilirsiniz. İşte detaylandırılmış öneriler:
ESP32 Yapılandırması ve Bileşen Bağlantıları: I/O Genişletme:
  • PCF8575 I2C I/O Expander
    • PCF8575 kullanarak iki adet modül ile toplam 32 GPIO pini elde edebilirsiniz.
    • I2C Adresleme: Her modül için farklı I2C adresi belirleyin. Örn: 0x20,0x210x20, 0x21.
    • Röle modülleri için bu giriş/çıkış pinlerini kullanın.
ADC Genişletme:
  • ADS1115 16-bit ADC
    • ADS1115 kullanarak dört adet modül ile 16 kanallı ADC kapasitesi sağlayabilirsiniz.
    • I2C Adresleme: Modüller için farklı I2C adresleri ayarlayın. Örn: 0x48,0x49,0x4A,0x4B0x48, 0x49, 0x4A, 0x4B.
    • Akım sensörlerinin her birine bu ADC kanallarını bağlayın.
Bağlantı Detayları: I2C Bus:
  • SDA: GPIO21
  • SCL: GPIO22
  • Pull-up dirençleri (10k ohm önerilir) gereklidir.
SPI Bus:
  • MOSI: GPIO23
  • MISO: GPIO19
  • SCK: GPIO18
  • CS: Her SPI aygıtı için farklı bir GPIO pini kullanın.
Güç Gereksinimleri:
  • ESP32: 5V/1A
  • Röle Modülleri: 5V/2A
  • Sensörler: 5V/1A
  • Toplam: En az 5V/4A sağlayabilecek bir güç kaynağı kullanın.
PCB Tasarım Önerileri:
  • Çift katmanlı PCB kullanarak, güç ve sinyal hatları arasında ayrım yapabilirsiniz.
  • EMI koruması için sinyal hatlarının üzerinden veya yanında güç hatları geçmediğinden emin olun.
  • Her modül için bypass kapasitörleri ekleyin. Önerilen değer 100nF'dir.
  • Röle ve sensörler için optik izolasyon kullanın. Bu, sisteminizi EMI sorunlarından ve rölenin geri beslemelerinden korur.
Bu öneriler doğrultusunda aklınıza takılan bir şey varsa veya daha fazla detaya ihtiyaç duyarsanız, her zaman sorabilirsiniz! İyi çalışmalar dilerim.
2mo
Hi! I'm Copilot, I can help with your projects: To learn more, check out Gettin...
Hi! I'm Copilot, I can help with your projects:
@copilot can you partner up with me to design a PCB?
@copilot give me a few architecture options for an affordable AI pendant.
@copilot how can I build a schematic with Flux?
To learn more, check out Getting Started with Copilot.
2mo
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Checks that the power traveling across a given resistor is under its rating with 50% headroom.
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Checks that IC pins that require pull up or pull down resistors have them.
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Checks that capacitors have appropriate voltage ratings to prevent overheating and ensure reliable circuit operation.
Checks that all parts have a part number and are available from distributors.
Reports copper elements that are shorting.
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