Open-Source Modular Rockbox Player — Project Specification
1. Product Vision
Create a repairable, open-source portable music player that combines Echo's Rockbox-compatible architecture with lessons from Tangara's open hardware and touch-wheel implementation. The physical design should blend vintage transparent Game Boy character with the modern, functional transparency associated with Nothing.
2. First-Version Scope
Phase-1 Bring-Up Revision (current schematic scope)
- Echo R1 Rev1-derived STM32H743 + 32 MiB SDRAM motherboard.
- Two distinct microSD interfaces: an external music card on SDMMC1 and an internal service-access system/Rockbox card on SPI2.
- Fixed D-pad, A/B/X/Y, Start, Select, reset, hold/power access, and a volume encoder with push-to-mute.
- DLC0240PZG 2.4-inch 320 × 240 RGB666 panel interface on a sourced 40-position, 0.5 mm-pitch FPC connector.
- USB-C device with USB3320 ULPI high-speed PHY and external ESD protection.
- TLV320AIC3104 codec with separate volume-controlled headphone and fixed line outputs.
- Connectorized 1-cell LiPo with power-path charging, NTC provision, and battery measurement.
- Smart pogo modules, touch wheel, magnets, wireless, and enclosure geometry are explicitly deferred.
- Portable, vertically oriented dedicated music player.
- Echo-compatible Rockbox baseline; avoid unnecessary divergence from the existing target.
- One full-width, hot-swappable smart control module at a time.
- Two control modules:
- SNES-style D-pad, A/B/X/Y, Start, and Select.
- iPod-inspired capacitive touch wheel with directional click regions and center select.
- Permanent host controls: rotary volume encoder with push-to-mute and OFF / ON / HOLD slider.
- No Bluetooth in v1.
3. User Interface
Display
- 2.4-inch, 320 × 240, non-touch IPS display.
- Preserve compatibility with Echo/Rockbox display assumptions where practical.
Gamepad Module
- SNES-inspired arrangement.
- D-pad on left.
- A/B/X/Y cluster on right.
- Start and Select centered below or between primary controls.
- X is the default dedicated play/pause control.
Touch-Wheel Module
- Tangara-informed capacitive sensing architecture.
- iPod-inspired wheel interaction without copying proprietary mechanical details.
- Dedicated bottom click region for play/pause.
- Center select and remaining directional/menu click regions mapped to Rockbox actions.
Permanent Controls
- Side-mounted rotary encoder: turn for volume; press to toggle mute/unmute.
- Three-position physical slider: OFF / ON / HOLD.
4. Swappable Module Interface
- One rigid, full-width smart module installed at a time.
- Magnetic alignment and retention, with mechanical keying to prevent incorrect insertion.
- Six pogo contacts:
- Two 3.3 V contacts.
- Two ground contacts.
- I²C SDA.
- I²C SCL.
- Each module includes a small microcontroller for scanning controls, identification, event reporting, debounce, and touch processing.
- Host firmware automatically identifies the installed module.
- Hot-swap behavior must prevent bus lockup, false events, and unsafe power sequencing.
5. Storage
Phase 1 includes two electrically independent card interfaces:
- Internal microSD card under the service cover, reserved for Rockbox, themes, configuration, and recovery. It uses STM32 SPI2 and is intended to be inserted or removed only with power off; no switched-card-power isolation is claimed.
- Externally accessible microSD card for the removable music library. It uses STM32 SDMMC1 with card detect, local bypass, pull-ups, and ESD protection. It is continuously powered; insertion detection is implemented, but no load-switch power isolation is claimed.
- The music card should be replaceable without opening the enclosure.
- Firmware must add the internal SPI-card block driver and define boot, recovery, mount-order, and USB-export policy for both volumes.
6. Audio and USB
- 3.5 mm TRS volume-controlled headphone output.
- Separate 3.5 mm TRS fixed-level stereo line output, clearly labeled.
- USB-C for charging, file transfer, and digital audio where supported.
- No balanced analog output in v1.
7. Power and Repairability
The Phase-1 rail and source-current calculations are maintained in the project file Phase 1 Power Budget. Current estimates do not support claiming 20-hour runtime; operation while charging and safe thermal/NTC behavior take priority over runtime optimization in this revision.
- Target at least 20 hours of typical music playback, subject to measured power-budget validation.
- Internal LiPo pouch battery, service-replaceable rather than hot-swappable.
- Keyed battery connector; no soldering required for routine replacement.
- Screwed enclosure with no structural adhesive.
- Battery, display, jacks, controls, and module interface should be replaceable as subassemblies where practical.
8. Mechanical Direction
- Approximate starting envelope: 78 × 125 mm, 18–22 mm thick.
- Game Boy Pocket-like vertical proportions and comfortable rounded lower body.
- Permanent outer chassis frame with a smaller recessed control cassette.
- Module should sit flush or nearly flush and resist pocket shear loads independently of pogo spring force.
9. Visual Direction
- Transparent or translucent shell options with intentional internal layout.
- Vintage clear-console reference, modernized with clean geometry and restrained detailing.
- Nothing-inspired visible fasteners, structured internal graphics, and carefully routed visible elements.
- Avoid ornamental fake circuitry; exposed features should correspond to real functions.
10. Open-Source and Documentation Goals
- Publish editable schematic, PCB, mechanical CAD, firmware patches, module protocol, BOM, assembly instructions, and repair documentation.
- Prefer obtainable components with documented second-source or substitution paths.
- Document connector wear items and battery replacement procedure.
11. Validation Criteria
- Boots and runs Rockbox reliably.
- Reads both microSD cards according to their assigned roles.
- Detects either control module without rebooting or locking the I²C bus.
- All navigation and playback actions remain accessible on both modules.
- Volume encoder and mute function operate independently of installed module.
- Headphone and line outputs meet their intended level and noise requirements.
- Typical playback runtime reaches the 20-hour target or deviations are documented.
- Enclosure survives repeated module swaps and remains serviceable with ordinary tools.
12. Deferred Features
- Bluetooth audio.
- Wi-Fi or streaming services.
- Balanced analog output.
- Touchscreen UI.
- Waterproofing.
- Production certification and high-volume tooling.