Hybrid Smartwatch Design Inquiry


Enlarged the PCB from 40 mm circular to 42 mm circular on a 4-layer stackup. This keeps it within the 44 mm case target while improving density from critical to high.
Open items:
  • Routing is still tight, especially around the ESP32/RTC/regulator area.
  • A few passives may still need to move to the bottom layer for clean routing.
Suggested next steps:
  1. Spread the crowded ESP32/RTC/power components.
  2. Move low-profile passives to the bottom side.
  3. Run routing feasibility again before autorouting.
the esp doesnt fit
I’ll inspect the ESP32 module placement and board clearance, then move/orient it so the module body and antenna keepout fit within the enlarged round PCB/case constraints.
Fixed the ESP32 fit issue: U1 was protruding past the 42 mm circular board, so I moved it inward. It is now fully inside the PCB outline at approximately (0, 5 mm).
Open items:
  • Moving U1 inward created new routing congestion between U1, U5, J1, and J3.
  • The next placement pass should spread the motor driver/AMOLED connector area and possibly move small passives to the bottom side.
Suggested next steps:
  1. Re-place the crowded U1/U5/J1/J3 cluster.
  2. Move selected passives to the bottom layer.
  3. Run routing feasibility again.
Re-place and check
Re-place crowded cluster
Move passives bottom
Run layout review
Protect antenna keepout

U1
U5
J4
J1
R7
Resistance
10kΩ
R10
Resistance
100kΩ
R4
Resistance
4.7kΩ
R5
Resistance
100Ω
R3
Resistance
4.7kΩ
U4
R6
Resistance
100kΩ
R8
Resistance
100kΩ
R1
Resistance
10kΩ
R9
Resistance
100kΩ
R2
Resistance
10kΩ
TP5
C10
Capacitance
100nF
TP6
TP3
C14
Capacitance
1uF
C2
Capacitance
1uF
C11
Capacitance
100nF
J2
C3
Capacitance
22uF
TP2
C7
Capacitance
100nF
C5
Capacitance
10uF
L1
Inductance
2.2uH
D2
C1
Capacitance
100nF
C8
Capacitance
100nF
C13
Capacitance
10uF
TP1
TP4
C6
Capacitance
10uF
TP7
C12
Capacitance
4.7uF
C15
Capacitance
1uF
C4
Capacitance
10uF
C9
Capacitance
100nF
D1
U3
J3
U6
U2
Q1
Hand Module Sourcing and Mechanism Plan
Decision
No readily purchasable drop-in no-hole AMOLED compatible hand module was found. The design should proceed with a provisional actuator interface and mechanical space reserved for one of two realistic implementation paths:
  1. Preferred production path: sourced/OEM hybrid movement module from a supplier such as MMT or smartwatch ODM partner.
  2. Preferred prototype path: custom edge-driven “mystery dial” style mechanism using transparent annular discs or ring gears above the no-hole AMOLED.
What was found
MMT / Manufacture Modules Technologies
  • URL: https://mmt.ch/smartwatch/modules/
  • Strongest hybrid movement/module supplier lead.
  • Offers connected hybrid smartwatch movement modules with analog hands, sensors, vibration, display options, and custom anadigit configurations.
  • Likely B2B/OEM rather than hobbyist catalog parts.
  • Action: contact for whether they can supply a low-profile 2-hand module compatible with a 44 mm case and a no-hole AMOLED below the hands.
MyKronoz ZeTime precedent
  • ZeTime proved physical hands over a display can work, but its system appears proprietary.
  • Public information says both hands had their own motor and the CPU could move the hands independently.
  • The ZeTime used a TFT display with a center hole, not the no-hole AMOLED path selected here.
  • Useful as proof of concept, not as a sourceable module.
Fossil / Garmin / Kronaby / Miyota hybrid precedents
  • These validate the broader hybrid watch category.
  • Publicly available parts are generally complete watches or proprietary movement platforms, not simple drop-in modules for independent product design.
Mystery dial / transparent disc mechanism
  • Traditional “mystery watch” mechanisms move hands via transparent discs or edge-driven wheels.
  • This is the cleanest no-hole-display mechanical concept: the display remains intact and hands/discs are driven from the bezel/perimeter.
  • Requires custom mechanical design but avoids custom AMOLED fabrication.
Use a bezel-hidden edge drive:
  • Minute hand attached to a thin transparent disc or annular ring above the AMOLED.
  • Hour hand attached to a second coaxial transparent disc/ring or reduction stage.
  • Drive teeth/magnetic features live near the outer perimeter under the bezel, outside the 33.55 mm active AMOLED area.
  • A small center cap hides disc pivots or hand attachment features.
  • Optional home/index sensors detect hand position at 12 o'clock.
Electrical implications
Keep the existing schematic blocks:
  • DRV8833 driver as provisional dual-coil / dual-motor actuator driver.
  • J3 4-pin connector as provisional hand-module interface.
  • ESP32 controls hand correction and calibration.
  • RTC provides accurate timekeeping.
Likely later changes:
  • Add home/index sensor inputs if the final mechanism is software-positioned.
  • Replace DRV8833 if the final module needs a lower-power watch-stepper pulse driver or a single-coil Lavet drive.
  • Add current sensing or motor fault detection only if the selected mechanism benefits from it.
PCB/mechanical keepouts to reserve
  • Keep the AMOLED unpierced.
  • Reserve a visible/cosmetic center hub zone of 4–6 mm diameter on the display, not a through-hole.
  • Reserve an annular mechanical drive zone under the bezel, roughly outside the AMOLED active diameter.
  • Avoid placing tall components in the hand-drive sector.
  • Keep the hand-drive motor/gear sector away from the ESP32 antenna.
  • Place J3 near the chosen hand-drive sector.
Open questions for sourcing
  1. Can MMT or another supplier provide a 2-hand hybrid module without requiring a center-hole display?
  2. What minimum module height is achievable under the crystal?
  3. Are hands independently controllable, or time-only with periodic correction?
  4. Does the module expose coil terminals, a serial interface, or a self-contained movement input?
  5. Is a home/index sensor integrated?
  6. Can the module fit inside a 44 mm case with a 33.55 mm active display?
  • Decision

  • What was found

  • MMT / Manufacture Modules Technologies

  • MyKronoz ZeTime precedent

  • Fossil / Garmin / Kronaby / Miyota hybrid precedents

  • Mystery dial / transparent disc mechanism

  • Recommended mechanism architecture

  • Electrical implications

  • PCB/mechanical keepouts to reserve

  • Open questions for sourcing