• Terminal
    Terminal
    An electrical connector acting as reusable interface to a conductor and creating a point where external circuits can be connected.
  • Ground
    A common return path for electric current. Commonly known as ground.
  • Net Portal
    A net identifier used to create connectivity to other Net Portal with the same designator. #portal
  • Power Net Portal
    Power net portal is a special schematic object used to define a power or ground net. Power ports allow you to conveniently indicate a power net at any location in the design. Power nets of the same designator automatically connect throughout your design #portal #power
  • Generic Resistor
    A generic fixed resistor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard resistor values: 1.0Ω 10Ω 100Ω 1.0kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1.0MΩ 1.1Ω 11Ω 110Ω 1.1kΩ 11kΩ 110kΩ 1.1MΩ 1.2Ω 12Ω 120Ω 1.2kΩ 12kΩ 120kΩ 1.2MΩ 1.3Ω 13Ω 130Ω 1.3kΩ 13kΩ 130kΩ 1.3MΩ 1.5Ω 15Ω 150Ω 1.5kΩ 15kΩ 150kΩ 1.5MΩ 1.6Ω 16Ω 160Ω 1.6kΩ 16kΩ 160kΩ 1.6MΩ 1.8Ω 18Ω 180Ω 1.8KΩ 18kΩ 180kΩ 1.8MΩ 2.0Ω 20Ω 200Ω 2.0kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2.0MΩ 2.2Ω 22Ω 220Ω 2.2kΩ 22kΩ 220kΩ 2.2MΩ 2.4Ω 24Ω 240Ω 2.4kΩ 24kΩ 240kΩ 2.4MΩ 2.7Ω 27Ω 270Ω 2.7kΩ 27kΩ 270kΩ 2.7MΩ 3.0Ω 30Ω 300Ω 3.0KΩ 30KΩ 300KΩ 3.0MΩ 3.3Ω 33Ω 330Ω 3.3kΩ 33kΩ 330kΩ 3.3MΩ 3.6Ω 36Ω 360Ω 3.6kΩ 36kΩ 360kΩ 3.6MΩ 3.9Ω 39Ω 390Ω 3.9kΩ 39kΩ 390kΩ 3.9MΩ 4.3Ω 43Ω 430Ω 4.3kΩ 43KΩ 430KΩ 4.3MΩ 4.7Ω 47Ω 470Ω 4.7kΩ 47kΩ 470kΩ 4.7MΩ 5.1Ω 51Ω 510Ω 5.1kΩ 51kΩ 510kΩ 5.1MΩ 5.6Ω 56Ω 560Ω 5.6kΩ 56kΩ 560kΩ 5.6MΩ 6.2Ω 62Ω 620Ω 6.2kΩ 62KΩ 620KΩ 6.2MΩ 6.8Ω 68Ω 680Ω 6.8kΩ 68kΩ 680kΩ 6.8MΩ 7.5Ω 75Ω 750Ω 7.5kΩ 75kΩ 750kΩ 7.5MΩ 8.2Ω 82Ω 820Ω 8.2kΩ 82kΩ 820kΩ 8.2MΩ 9.1Ω 91Ω 910Ω 9.1kΩ 91kΩ 910kΩ 9.1MΩ #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
  • Generic Capacitor
    A generic fixed capacitor for rapid developing circuit topology. Save precious design time by seamlessly add more information to this part (value, footprint, etc.) as it becomes available. Standard capacitor values: 1.0pF 10pF 100pF 1000pF 0.01uF 0.1uF 1.0uF 10uF 100uF 1000uF 10,000uF 1.1pF 11pF 110pF 1100pF 1.2pF 12pF 120pF 1200pF 1.3pF 13pF 130pF 1300pF 1.5pF 15pF 150pF 1500pF 0.015uF 0.15uF 1.5uF 15uF 150uF 1500uF 1.6pF 16pF 160pF 1600pF 1.8pF 18pF 180pF 1800pF 2.0pF 20pF 200pF 2000pF 2.2pF 22pF 20pF 2200pF 0.022uF 0.22uF 2.2uF 22uF 220uF 2200uF 2.4pF 24pF 240pF 2400pF 2.7pF 27pF 270pF 2700pF 3.0pF 30pF 300pF 3000pF 3.3pF 33pF 330pF 3300pF 0.033uF 0.33uF 3.3uF 33uF 330uF 3300uF 3.6pF 36pF 360pF 3600pF 3.9pF 39pF 390pF 3900pF 4.3pF 43pF 430pF 4300pF 4.7pF 47pF 470pF 4700pF 0.047uF 0.47uF 4.7uF 47uF 470uF 4700uF 5.1pF 51pF 510pF 5100pF 5.6pF 56pF 560pF 5600pF 6.2pF 62pF 620pF 6200pF 6.8pF 68pF 680pF 6800pF 0.068uF 0.68uF 6.8uF 68uF 680uF 6800uF 7.5pF 75pF 750pF 7500pF 8.2pF 82pF 820pF 8200pF 9.1pF 91pF 910pF 9100pF #generics #CommonPartsLibrary
  • Generic Inductor
    A generic fixed inductor for rapid developing circuit topology. *You can now change the footprint and 3D model at the top level anytime you want. This is the power of #generics
  • 875105359001
    10uF Capacitor Aluminum Polymer 20% 16V SMD 5x5.3mm #forLedBlink #commonpartslibrary #capacitor #aluminumpolymer #radialcan
  • CTL1206FYW1T
    Yellow 595nm LED Indication - Discrete 1.7V 1206 (3216 Metric) #forLedBlink
  • 1070TR
    Battery Holder (Open) Coin, 20.0mm 1 Cell SMD (SMT) Tab bate or batt #forLedBlink
explain this project.

@copilot what does the red circle indicate
10mo
The red circle you're referring to might not be directly described in the snippets provided or in the Flux.ai-specific documentation I have access to. However, in many electronic design applications, including PCB layout and schematic drawing tools like Flux, a red circle can indicate several things depending on the context:

  1. Error or Warning: It might indicate an error or warning in your design. This could be related to connectivity issues, component placement errors, or violations of design rules.
  2. Selection Highlight: If you've selected a component or a part of your design, a red circle might be used to highlight your selection or focus area.
  3. Unconnected Pin or Net: In schematic or PCB layout, a red circle could represent an unconnected pin or net, signaling that there's a part of your circuit that needs attention.
  4. Breakpoint or Marker: In some tools, red circles are used as breakpoints or markers for debugging or for paying special attention to certain parts of the design.
Without more specific details about where you're seeing this red circle and what you're currently doing in Flux, it's challenging to provide a precise answer. If you're encountering an error message or something seems to be malfunctioning, it could relate to the snippet about encountering an error and seeing a big red box[1]. If this description matches your situation, it's recommended to report the issue for further assistance.
10mo
@copilot explain this project.
10mo
This project outlines the design of a shield for Arduino MKR boards, specifically compatible with the Arduino MKR Zero. A shield, in this context, is an add-on module that plugs directly into a standard Arduino board to enhance its functionality, either by adding sensors, actuators, communication modules, etc. The design includes the necessary connections for interfacing with the Arduino MKR Zero and additional components for expanded capabilities. Here's a breakdown of the project's key elements and connections:
Components:

  • U1 (ARDUINO MKR ZERO): This is the central microcontroller board, an Arduino MKR Zero, around which the shield is designed. It features a multitude of pins for various functions, including analog inputs (A0 to A6), digital I/O (pins 0 to 7), SPI (MISO, MOSI, SCK), I2C (SDA, SCL), serial communication (TX, RX), and power-related pins (AREF, GND, 3V3, VIN, 5V).
  • Vi2c (691137710002): A connector, possibly for I2C communication, given its designator and the nets it's connected to. There are duplications in the project description, which might be a clerical error or indicate multiple points for I2C connections on the shield.
  • RX/TX-V/GND (691137710002): This is likely a connector for serial communication (RX, TX) and might include connections for power (V) and ground (GND).
  • J1: Appears to be a generic connector or jumper array with unspecified function but connected to various nets implying its versatile use in the project. The lack of a specific MPN suggests it might be a custom or generic part.
  • Vin (691137710002): Another connector, likely intended for power input given its connection to the VIN pin of the Arduino and its name.
Connections (Nets):

  • Connection between RX/TX and U1 signifies serial communication setup, with RX/TX(P1) connected to U1(14_TX) for transmission, and U1(13_RX) to RX/TX(P2) for reception.
  • Power connections include Vin to U1(VIN) for power input, Vi2c(P2) to U1(3V3) for 3.3V power, and RX/TX-V/GND(P1) to U1(5V) for 5V power.
  • I2C communication is set up with Vi2c(P2) to U1(11_SDA) for data and Vi2c(P1) to U1(12_SCL) for clock.
  • Ground connections are extensively made through Vi2c(P1) to multiple points including J1(Pin_1 to Pin_4), U1(GND), and Vin(P2), indicating a common ground for the shield functionality.
Assumptions:

  • Number of Vi2c components: The project description lists Vi2c three times, which might be an error. I assumed there's either one or two with intended different connections.
  • MPNs and specific designator details: Some components like J1 don't have specific MPNs or detailed pin functions listed, so I assumed generic functionality.
  • Purpose of the shield: Based on the components and connections, the shield aims primarily to facilitate I2C and serial communications with additional power input options but the full range of intended capabilities might extend beyond this based on the use of J1 and any additional components not listed.
The project sets a foundation for further expansion and customization based on specific use-cases by adding sensors, actuators, or other modules via available connectors and pins.
10mo
Someone is typing...
new mensage

@copilot new mensage
1y
Hello! How can I help you with your Arduino MKR Shield Template project? If you have any questions or need assistance with electronic circuit schematics and PCB layouts, feel free to ask!
1y
Someone is typing...
2
Check this device for errors in the connection

@copilot Check this device for errors in the connection
1y
Someone is typing...
3
U1 3V3 - Vi2c P2
RX/TX P1 - U1 14_TX
i2c
U1 11_SDA - i2c P2
RX/TX-V/GND
Vi2c
U1 12_SCL - i2c P1
U1 12_SCL - i2c P1
RX/TX P2 - U1 13_RX
U1 11_SDA - i2c P2
RX/TX P1 - U1 14_TX
Vin
U1 VIN - Vin P1
U1 GND - Vin P2
RX/TX-V/GND P1 - U1 5V
RX/TX P2 - U1 13_RX
U1 GND - Vin P2
RX/TX-V/GND P1 - U1 5V
U1 3V3 - Vi2c P2
U1 VIN - Vin P1
U1
RX/TX

[Example] Arduino MKR Shield Template

[Example] Arduino MKR Shield Template
Created
March 7th 2023
Last updated by ecadpcb
5 months ago
4 Contributor(s)
ecadpcb
fenrrich
hstagboom
rosa.maroon277445

Controls

Properties

Availability & Pricing

DistributorQty 1
Digi-Key$2.05
Mouser$2.05

Assets

    Thumbnail
  • thumbnail
    arduino-mkr-zero.png

    id=arduino-mkr-zero

Simulation

µs

Simulation Speed

Si @copilot envio como referencia esta imagen: "RMS-to-DC\_reference\_LH0091.jpg...
Si @copilot envio como referencia esta imagen: "RMS-to-DC_reference_LH0091.jpg"

Image


4mo
The image you provided is a reference for the RMS-to-DC converter based on the LH0091 IC. Let's discuss how you can integrate it into your Flux.ai project.
To integrate an RMS-to-DC converter into your project, you need to follow these steps:

  1. Component Selection: Choose the appropriate RMS-to-DC converter IC. In this case, it's the LH0091.
  2. Schematic Design: Design the schematic based on the reference image you provided.
  3. Connections to Existing Components: Connect this schematic to your existing Arduino MKR Zero project in Flux.ai.
  4. Voltage and Ground Connections: Ensure proper power supply and grounding.
Steps for Integration 1. Adding the LH0091 to Your Schematic

  1. Create a new component for the LH0091 with the following pin configuration:

    Table


    PinName
    1NC
    2VIN
    3LOG
    4S-
    5S+
    6EOUT
    7FB
    8NC
    9NC
    10VCC
    11NC
    12LOG
    13VOUT
    14FB
  2. Recreate the simplified schematic from the reference image, ensuring you maintain all connections and use the correct resistor and capacitor values.
2. Integrating into Arduino MKR Zero
To integrate this into your Arduino MKR Zero project, you will need to connect the relevant pins.
Here's an example of component integration:

  • Power Supply: Ensure that the VIN and VCC pins of the LH0091 are connected to the appropriate voltage sources.
  • GND: Connect the GND pin of the LH0091 to the ground net of the MKR Zero.
  • Input Signal: Connect the input signal (e.g., an AC signal to be measured) to the VIN pin of the LH0091.
  • Output: Connect the EOUT pin to an analog input pin on the MKR Zero to read the DC output.
Example Connections
Assuming you're connecting it to the analog input A0 on the MKR Zero:

  • Connect LH0091:VIN to the input signal.
  • Connect LH0091:EOUT to U1:2U1:2.
  • Connect LH0091:VCC to a 5V power source, analogous to U1:28(5V)U1:28 \, (5V).
  • Connect LH0091:GND to U1:25(GND)U1:25 \, (GND).
Final Steps

  1. Simulation: Once your schematic is set up, use Flux.ai to simulate the circuit to ensure proper operation.
  2. PCB Layout: After confirming the schematic's functionality, proceed to the PCB layout in Flux.ai, placing components and routing traces accordingly.
By following these steps, you should be able to integrate the LH0091 RMS-to-DC converter into your Arduino MKR Zero project on Flux.ai. Let me know if you need further assistance!
4mo
Gracias, ahora lo puedes ahcer con Operacionales y pasivos (resistencias, transi...
@copilot Gracias, ahora lo puedes ahcer con Operacionales y pasivos (resistencias, transistores, diodos, capcitores)
4mo
Claro, podemos crear un diseño que incluya operacionales y componentes pasivos como resistencias, transistores, diodos y capacitores. Podrías especificar qué tipo de circuito te gustaría diseñar? Algunos ejemplos podrían ser:

  • Un amplificador operacional.
  • Un filtro activo.
  • Un oscilador.
  • Un regulador de voltaje.
Si tienes algún requisito específico o un tipo de circuito en mente, por favor indícalo para avanzar mejor en el diseño.
4mo
@copilot no tengo otro requisito
4mo
Perfecto, diseñaremos un circuito básico de amplificador operacional. Esto involucrará un amplificador inversor con algunos componentes pasivos como resistencias y condensadores.
Proyecto Diseño del Amplificador Inversor
Usaremos un amplificador operacional junto con resistencias y un condensador para estabilización.
Componentes

  1. Amplificador Operacional: LM741
  2. Resistencias:

    • $ R_1 $: 10kΩ
    • $ R_2 $: 22kΩ
  3. Condensador: $C_1$: 100nF
Esquema de Conexión

  1. Amplificador Operacional:

    • U1: LM741

      • Pin 2: (-) Entrada inversora
      • Pin 3: (+) Entrada no inversora
      • Pin 4: V-
      • Pin 6: Salida
      • Pin 7: V+
  2. Resistencias:

    • R1: 10kΩ

      • Conecta $ U1:6 $ a $ U1:2 $
    • R2: 22kΩ

      • Conecta $ Entrada $ a $ U1:2 $
  3. Condensador:

    • C1: 100nF

      • Conecta $ U1:3 $ a $ Tierra $
Conexiones

  • Conecta R1:1 a U1:6.
  • Conecta R1:2 a U1:2.
  • Conecta R2:1 a la entrada de la señal.
  • Conecta R2:2 a U1:2.
  • Conecta C1:1 a U1:3.
  • Conecta C1:2 a tierra.
Potenciales del Amplificador

  • Conecta U1:7 a V+ (ej. +12V).
  • Conecta U1:4 a V- (ej. -12V).
Este esquema es un simple amplificador inversor con una ganancia de R2R1=22kΩ10kΩ=2.2\frac{R_2}{R_1} = \frac{22k\Omega}{10k\Omega} = 2.2.
Puedes ajustar los valores de las resistencias para obtener la ganancia deseada. ¿Te gustaría agregar o modificar algo más en este diseño?
4mo
@copilot puedes hacer el dise;o que sea log-antilog RMS a CC
4mo
¡Claro! Vamos a diseñar un circuito que convierta una señal de RMS a DC utilizando amplificadores logarítmicos y antilogarítmicos como componentes principales. Este tipo de circuitos es útil para medir la potencia de señales AC en términos de su valor RMS.
Circuito Log-Antilog RMS a DC
El diseño incluirá:

  1. Amplificadores operacionales logarítmicos y antilogarítmicos.
  2. Componentes pasivos como resistencias y condensadores.
Componentes y Conexiones Sección Logarítmica

  1. Amplificador Operacional Logarítmico: U1U1 (LM741)

    • Inversor logarítmico: Se conecta un diodo en la retroalimentación negativa para la función logarítmica.
  2. Diodo: D1D1 (1N4148)

    • Conecta U1U1:6 a U1U1:2 (Coloca el diodo en inversión para generar la función logarítmica).
  3. Resistencia: R1R1

    • Conecta R1R1:1 a la entrada de señal.
    • Conecta R1R1:2 a U1U1:2.
Sección de Cuadratura y Media Aritmética

  1. Amplificador Operacional para Cuadratura: U2U2 (LM741)

    • Conectaremos el amplificador para cuadrar la señal y promediarla.
  2. Resistencias y Capacitores:

    • R2R2 y C1C1 para la retroalimentación.
Sección Antilogarítmica

  1. Amplificador Operacional Antilogarítmico: U3U3 (LM741)

    • Aplicaremos la función antilog utilizando un diode similar al logarítmico.
  2. Diodo: D2D2 (1N4148)

    • Conecta U3U3:6 a U3U3:2 (Coloca el diodo en forma inversa).
Ejemplo de Conexión
Voy a listar las conexiones específicas:

  1. Amplificador Logarítmico:

    • Conecta R1R1:1 a la entrada de señal (AC).
    • Conecta R1R1:2 a U1U1:2.
  2. Diodo D1D1:

    • Conecta U1U1:6 a U1U1:2 con el cátodo ( - ) conectado al pin 2.
  3. Cuadratura y Media Aritmética:

    • Conecta la salida de U1U1:6 a la entrada del amplificador U2U2:3.
    • Utiliza R2R2 y C1C1 para la retroalimentación.
  4. Amplificador Antilogarítmico:

    • Conecta la salida de U2U2:6 a la entrada de U3U3:2.
    • Conecta U3U3:6 a U3U3:2 con el cátodo de D2D2.
Potenciales de Operacionales

  • Conecta U1,U2,U3U1, U2, U3:4 a V- (ej. -12V).
  • Conecta U1,U2,U3U1, U2, U3:7 a V+ (ej. +12V).
Este es un bosquejo general del circuito convertidor log-antilog de RMS a DC. ¿Te gustaría algún ajuste específico o algún componente adicional?
4mo
Gracias, ahora lo puedes ahcer con Operacionales y pasivos (resistencias, transi...
Gracias, ahora lo puedes ahcer con Operacionales y pasivos (resistencias, transistores, diodos, capcitores)
4mo
puedes ayudarme a editar un diagrama que cumpla con la funcion del texto que est...
@copilot puedes ayudarme a editar un diagrama que cumpla con la funcion del texto que esta entre comillas. Texto" True RMS to DC Converter" Por favor hacerlo con Operacionales y explicar su funcionamiento.
4mo
¡Claro! Un convertidor de RMS verdadero a DC convierte una señal AC en su valor RMS (Root Mean Square) equivalente en DC. Esto es útil en muchas aplicaciones, como medir la potencia de señales AC o en dispositivos de audio.
Para implementar un convertidor de RMS verdadero a DC con amplificadores operacionales, podemos seguir este enfoque con una combinación de circuitos de rectificación y filtrado:
1. Circuito Rectificador de Precisión
El primer paso es rectificar la señal AC. Utilizaremos un rectificador de precisión con amplificadores operacionales para que la señal rectificada sea una copia exacta de la señal AC original pero solo positiva.
Características del Rectificador de Precisión:

  • Utiliza amplificadores operacionales con diodos para eliminar cualquier caída de voltaje en el diodo.
  • Asegura que el voltaje de salida sea una representación precisa de la señal AC de entrada.
2. Convertidor RMS-DC
El segundo paso es tomar la señal rectificada y convertirla a su valor RMS.
Características del Convertidor RMS-DC:

  • Eleva al cuadrado la señal rectificada (utilizando un multiplicador analógico).
  • Filtra la señal para obtener el promedio.
  • Toma la raíz cuadrada del promedio para obtener el valor RMS.
¿Cómo implementar esto con Circuitos?
Vamos a utilizar dos etapas:
1. Etapa: Rectificador de Precisión
Aquí utilizaremos un operacional (por ejemplo, el LM324) conectado de una manera especial para que funcione como un rectificador de precisión.
2. Etapa: Filtro y Raíz Cuadrada
Después del rectificador, pasaremos la señal a través de un filtro y un circuito de raíz cuadrada.
Diagrama Esquemático

  1. Rectificador de Precisión:

    • Componentes:

      • Un amplificador operacional (OA1)
      • Dos diodos (D1, D2)
      • Resistencias (R1, R2...)
  2. Filtro y Convertidor RMS:

    • Componentes:

      • Un segundo amplificador operacional (OA2)
      • Capacitores (C1, C2)
      • Un multiplicador analógico (IC1, como el AD633)
Conexiones:

  1. Rectificador de Precisión:

    • Entrada de señal AC al pin (+) del OA1.
    • Conecte el pin de salida (Out) del OA1 a D1(cátodo).
    • Conecte el ánodo de D1 a R1 y al pin (–) del OA1.
    • Conecte el pin (–) a la entrada de señal y a la salida a través de R2.
    • Conecte los extremos de todos los resistores y diodos a GND.
  2. Filtro y Convertidor RMS:

    • La salida del rectificador a la entrada del multiplicador analógico IC1.
    • Filtre la señal con C1 y C2.
    • Pase la señal cuadrática a través del operacional OA2 y filtre.
    • La salida del segundo filtro será el valor RMS.
Explicación del Funcionamiento:

  1. Rectificación de Precisión:

    • La señal AC es rectificada con alta precisión, eliminando la caída de voltaje del diodo.
  2. Filtro y RMS:

    • La señal rectificada se eleva al cuadrado.
    • La señal cuadrática se promedia utilizando uno o más capacitores.
    • Después del filtrado, se toma la raíz cuadrada de la señal promedio para obtener el valor RMS.
Crearemos un diagrama esquemático en Flux basado en esta configuración, ¿cómo te gustaría proceder? ¿Quieres verlo específicamente en Flux o necesitas una explicación adicional en algún paso?
4mo
me ayudas a crear un juego de luces como la torreta de policias
@copilot me ayudas a crear un juego de luces como la torreta de policias
6mo
¡Claro, me encantaría ayudarte a crear un juego de luces similar al de una torreta de policía! Vamos a necesitar algunos componentes básicos para este proyecto. Aquí tienes una lista de lo que podríamos utilizar:
Componentes Necesarios:

  • Arduino MKR (ya tienes el MKR Zero listado en tu proyecto)
  • LEDs (usualmente rojos y azules para el efecto de torreta)
  • Resistores (para limitar la corriente a través de los LEDs, usualmente 220Ω)
  • Driver de LEDs (opcional, si quieres manejar más LEDs o controlar la intensidad)
  • Cables y una protoboard (para conexiones temporales)
Conexiones Básicas:

  1. LEDs y resistores: Conecta un LED rojo y un LED azul con un resistor en serie a cada uno.
  2. Pin de control: Conecta el ánodo de cada LED a pines digitales del Arduino para poder controlarlos. El cátodo irá a GND.
Ejemplo de Conexión:

  • Conectar el cátodo de cada LED (corto) a GND.
  • Conectar el ánodo (largo) del LED rojo a un resistor, y el otro extremo del resistor al pin digital D2.
  • Conectar el ánodo (largo) del LED azul a un resistor, y el otro extremo del resistor al pin digital D3.
Programa de Control:
Vamos a escribir un sencillo programa en Arduino para parpadear los LEDs de manera alternada, simulando la torreta de policía.

Cpp


const int redLED = 2;
const int blueLED = 3;
const int delayTime = 500; // 500 ms de retraso

void setup() {
  pinMode(redLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(blueLED, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(redLED, HIGH); // Prender LED rojo
  digitalWrite(blueLED, LOW); // Apagar LED azul
  delay(delayTime);
  
  digitalWrite(redLED, LOW); // Apagar LED rojo
  digitalWrite(blueLED, HIGH); // Prender LED azul
  delay(delayTime);
}
Implementación en Flux:

  1. Añadir los componentes: Añade los LEDs (rojo y azul) y los resistores a tu diseño en Flux.
  2. Conectar componentes a Arduino MKR:

    • Conectar LED rojo: Ánodo del LED rojo al U1:2 (D2) a través de un resistor.
    • Conectar LED azul: Ánodo del LED azul al U1:3 (D3) a través de un resistor.
    • Conectar los cátodos de ambos LEDs a U1:25 (GND).

Plaintext


Conexiones:
- Conectar LED rojo: anode (positivo) del LED rojo <-> resistor <-> U1:2 (D2)
- Conectar LED azul: anode (positivo) del LED azul <-> resistor <-> U1:3 (D3)
- Conectar cátodos de ambos LEDs a U1:25 (GND)
¡Con esto deberías tener todo listo para crear tu juego de luces como una torreta de policía! Si tienes alguna duda adicional o necesitas ajustar algo, ¡háblame!
6mo
deseo que el juego de luces sea con electronica analogica.
6mo
Perfecto, podemos diseñar un juego de luces usando componentes electrónicos analógicos. Para simular el efecto de una torreta de policía, podemos utilizar un par de LEDs, resistores, y un circuito de temporización basado en transistores o temporizadores 555 para alternar las luces.
Componentes Necesarios:

  • 2 LEDs (rojo y azul)
  • 2 Resistores de 220Ω (para limitar la corriente a través de los LEDs)
  • 2 Transistores NPN (2N2222 o similares)
  • 2 Temporizadores 555
  • Condensadores y resistores adicionales (para configurar los temporizadores 555)
  • Fuente de alimentación (5V o 9V)
  • Cables y una protoboard
Diseño del Circuito:
Podemos usar dos Temporizadores 555 configurados en modo astable para crear dos señales cuadradas con fases contrarias. Estas señales alternantes se usarán para encender y apagar los LEDs a intervalos regulares.
Configuración del Temporizador 555 en Modo Astable:

Plaintext


                   +Vcc (5V o 9V)
                     |
            +---------+
            |         |
           10kΩ       | 
            |         |
            +---| 555  |---+--------+
            |   | Timer|   |        |
      1uF ---   +-------+   |        |
            |   |\|              |             LED (Rojo)
            |   | |              |             Anodo ---|>|--- R (220Ω) ---> +
            |   | |              |                             |
- Ground ---|---| |300Ω      |                             |
(GPIO pin) -|        |                  Q     |
                  (Ctl)       -----|(Emisor- ->Transistor -|(< Colector)
                                                               /
(La configuración es repetida para el segundo temporizador 555 y LED azul, con fase contraria.)
Conexiones Básicas:

  • Temporizador 555:

    • Pin 1 a GND
    • Pin 2 a la intersección del resistor y condensador asıˊ como Pin 6\text{así como Pin 6}
    • Pin 3 Salida\text{Salida} al terminal de base del transistor NPN a través de un resistor de 1kΩ.
    • Pin 4 RESET\text{RESET} a Vcc
    • Pin 5 Control\text{Control} a GND a través de un condensador de 10nF
    • Pin 6 conectado al Pin 2
    • Pin 7 Discharge\text{Discharge} a la intersección de dos resistores
    • Pin 8 a Vcc
  • Transistores:

    • Colector de cada transistor a un LED diferente Rojo y Azul\text{Rojo y Azul}
    • Emisor de cada transistor a GND
    • Los ánodos de los LEDs a través de resistores de 220Ω a Vcc
Implementación de Temporizadores 555 en Modo Astable:

  1. Configurar el primero Rojo\text{Rojo} con una frecuencia deseada ej. 1Hz\text{ej. 1Hz}:

    • Ra=10kΩR_a = 10 kΩ
    • Rb=10kΩR_b = 10 kΩ
    • C=1μFC = 1 \mu F
  2. Configurar el segundo Azul\text{Azul} con la misma frecuencia pero desfasado:

    • Repetir la configuración, pero ajustar la fase mediante un transistor que invierta la señal, o simplemente sobre E1² pueden usar variables alternadas en la señal.
Schematic Representation in Flux:

  1. Añadir los componentes:
  2. Conectar como sigue:

Plaintext


Conexiones:
- Conectar el Pin 3 del primer temporizador 555 a la base del primer transistor a través de un resistor de 1kΩ.
- Conectar el Pin 3 del segundo temporizador 555 a la base del segundo transistor a través de un resistor de 1kΩ.
- Conectar el colector del primer transistor al ánodo del LED rojo a través de un resistor de 220Ω, y luego Vcc.
- Conectar el colector del segundo transistor al ánodo del LED azul a través de un resistor de 220Ω, y luego Vcc.
- Conectar los emisores de ambos transistores a GND.
- Alimentar ambos temporizadores 555 con Vcc y GND.

Para la segunda fase un transistor NPN puede almacenar previamente el apagado; en la primer 55 terminador la fase inversa puede estar en el regulador invertido NPN.
Extra: Ajuste de Componentes Pasivos

  • Puede ajustar resistores y condensadores para cambiar la frecuencia de parpadeo según desee.
¡Con esto deberías estar listo para construir tu juego de luces policíacas con electrónica analógica! Si tienes alguna duda o necesitas ajustes adicionales, háblame.
6mo
@copilot me ayudas a encontrar un reemplazo para este IC: AD536AJH
4mo
El AD536AJH es un convertidor RMS-to-DC de precisión fabricado por Analog Devices. Encontrar un reemplazo para este IC puede depender de la disponibilidad y de las características específicas que necesitas para tu proyecto. Aquí te dejo algunas alternativas que podrías considerar:
Posibles Reemplazos:

  1. AD536A (versiones con encapsulados diferentes):

    • Los encapsulados en DIP, SOIC, o CERDIP podrían ser equivalentes si la huella del componente en tu PCB lo permite.
  2. AD737:

    • Otro convertidor RMS-to-DC de precisión de Analog Devices.
    • Más pequeño y de bajo consumo en comparación con el AD536A, pero menor precisión:

    Plaintext


    $AD737JQ$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=AD737JQ)
    $AD737JR$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=AD737JR)
  3. LT1966:

    • Convertidor RMS-to-DC de Linear Technology (ahora parte de Analog Devices).
    • Ofrece una buena precisión y menor consumo de energía.

    Plaintext


    $LT1966CS$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=LT1966CS)
  4. AD736:

    • Otro buen reemplazo de Analog Devices con características similares:

    Plaintext


    $AD736JQ$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=AD736JQ)
  5. TrueRMS AD637

    • Otro IC de Analog Devices que ofrece una mayor precisión y capacidad de manejar mayores rangos de frecuencia.

    Plaintext


    $AD637JQ$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=AD637JQ)
Factores a Considerar:

  • Encapsulado y tamaño: Asegúrate de elegir un reemplazo que encaje físicamente en tu diseño de PCB.
  • Características eléctricas: Revisa parámetros clave como el rango de voltaje de entrada, rango de frecuencia, precisión de medida y consumo de potencia.
  • Disponibilidad: Verifica la disponibilidad en distribuidores como Digi-Key, Mouser, etc.
Pasos para Implementar el Reemplazo:

  1. Verifica las especificaciones eléctricas y mecánicas del nuevo IC.
  2. Actualiza el diseño de tu PCB si es necesario.
  3. Modifica tu proyecto en Flux para reflejar el nuevo componente.
Ejemplo:

Plaintext


Reemplazo:
- Si decides usar el $AD737JQ$(https://www.flux.ai/search?type=components&q=AD737JQ):
  - Verifica el encapsulado y haz los cambios necesarios en tu diseño.
  - Revisa y ajusta las conexiones de alimentación, entrada y salida según datasheet del nuevo IC.
  - Verifica nuevamente los valores de los componentes periféricos (resistores y condensadores) si es necesario.
Espero que esto te ayude. Si necesitas más información sobre cómo realizar el reemplazo en tu diseño específico, házmelo saber.
4mo
how do i select just the traces??
@copilot how do i select just the traces??
10mo
To select just the traces in Flux, you can use the selector functionality. Type trace in the selector box to select all traces. Remember, selectors are case sensitive, so make sure to use all lowercase letters for this to work[1].
10mo
how to route the nets
@copilot how to route the nets
10mo
Routing nets in Flux is an essential step in creating a PCB layout that accurately reflects your schematic design. Here's how to do it efficiently:

  1. Starting the Routing Process: Look for an air wire, which represents an unrouted net connecting two pins. Hover your cursor over one of the pins until it turns a blueish color, indicating that you can start routing. Click once on the blue pin and move your mouse to the desired position to start laying out the trace[1].
  2. Adjusting Trace Direction: While routing, you can press the letter "F" at any time to change the direction of the trace elbow. This can help you navigate around obstacles and lay out more organized and efficient routes[2].
  3. Connecting Pads Across Nets: When a pad needs to connect to another pad and they share a net, hover your mouse over the pad. You'll see a white dot appear. Simply click on this white dot and draw your trace to the appropriate connection point. For routing across multiple layers, right-click while laying out a trace and select the target layer from the context menu. Flux will automatically place the necessary vias to maintain the connection across layers[3].
  4. Final Checks: After you've routed your nets, perform a visual check to ensure all connections are made without any unrouted nets or ghost wires. Also, review the design rules to confirm that your routing complies with the requirements regarding clearances, via sizes, trace widths, and other critical parameters[4].
Remember, efficient routing is key to a successful PCB design. It can minimize interference, reduce signal integrity issues, and ensure the physical layout is manufacturable. Flux provides the necessary tools and features to make this process as smooth as possible.
10mo
autoroute the runs
@copilot autoroute the runs
10mo
To auto-route the runs for your Arduino MKR Shield Template in a generic sense, we'll outline the connections based on the provided nets and components. This high-level routing guideline assumes that you are working in a CAD tool like Flux, which can auto-route based on these connections. Without knowing the physical layout of your board, or specifics about trace widths, separations, and layers, I'll describe a generic routing approach:

  1. Net 51b923736564e011eb07043d1dea2e01 (I2C Data Line - SDA):

    • Connect U1:11_SDA to i2c:2, i2c/SDA:4, i2c/SDA:3, i2c/SDA:2, and i2c/SDA:1
  2. Net f70a4263e439a69aae646f1c75a9b840 (TX Line):

    • Connect RX/TX:1 to U1:14_TX
  3. Net 7d02078d0dd81512072e2233487a55a3 (VIN to Arduino MKR Zero VIN):

    • Connect U1:VIN to Vin:1
  4. Net 2ed68a3502c609fb1a79dd0483275cc0 (RX Line):

    • Connect RX/TX:2 to U1:13_RX
  5. Net d7be302b7c0fa7593cf99e665f249978 (I2C Clock Line - SCL):

    • Connect U1:12_SCL to i2c:1, i2c/SCL:4, i2c/SCL:3, i2c/SCL:2, and i2c/SCL:1
  6. Net c1433b3f1168832e1323b2ae30677b5f (3.3V Power Line):

    • Connect U1:3V3 to Vi2c:2, i2c/3.3v:1, i2c/3.3v:2, i2c/3.3v:3, and i2c/3.3v:4
  7. Net 49e48c56da5f87f3dffedff08e989705 (Ground):

    • Connect U1:GND to Vin:2, RX/TX-V/GND:2, i2c/GND:1, i2c/GND:2, i2c/GND:3, i2c/GND:4, and Vi2c:1
  8. Net 62e1c6ad143c73e5a98cecfce2387ba6 (5V Power Line):

    • Connect RX/TX-V/GND:1 to U1:5V
Autorouting Guidelines:

  1. Maintaining Signal Integrity: Ensure that critical signals, especially for I2C (SCL and SDA), are routed with care to reduce noise and prevent signal integrity issues. This might involve keeping traces short and using proper termination.
  2. Power and Ground Planes: If your board allows it, utilize planes for distributing power (5V and 3.3V) and ground. This can reduce noise and improve power delivery.
  3. Avoiding Cross Talk: Ensure that sensitive signal traces like SCL and SDA are kept away from noisy traces such as those carrying higher currents or operating at high frequencies.
  4. Trace Widths: Adapt trace widths according to the current requirements. Power lines might require wider traces compared to signal lines to handle higher currents without significant voltage drops.
  5. Use of Vias: Minimize the use of vias on critical paths, as they can introduce impedance changes and potential signal integrity issues. When necessary (for crossing paths or switching layers), use them judiciously.
Remember, this is a high-level guide. The actual auto-routing will depend on the specific rules and constraints set in your CAD software, and some manual adjustments may be necessary after the auto-route process to ensure optimal layout and performance.
10mo
@copilot what is the best way to set the location of the pcb
@copilot what is the best way to set the location of the pcb
10mo
Setting the location of your PCB components efficiently is crucial for the performance, manufacturability, and overall functionality of your design. Here are the best practices for setting the location of PCB components:

  1. Understand the Importance of Strategic Placement: Component arrangement impacts functionality, signal integrity, thermal management, and manufacturability. High-frequency components should be placed near their connections to minimize trace lengths. Power components need careful placement for heat dissipation, and connectors should be accessible[1].
  2. Use Design Software Tools: Utilize features like automated placement assistance and 3D visualization offered by PCB design software. These tools help in optimizing component alignment, routing, and clearance verification. Remember, the designer's judgment is crucial for making decisions based on design requirements and constraints[2].
  3. Consider Mechanical Integration: Ensure your PCB components are well-coordinated with mechanical design elements, like enclosure dimensions and mounting points. This ensures seamless integration between the PCB and the product design[3].
  4. Setting Part and Module Origins: Setting the origin of your parts or modules is essential for their behavior when placed in a design. The intersection of two blue lines in the PCB editor marks the origin. Placing and arranging parts' pads and attributes with respect to this origin influences their positioning in the project.
  5. Review Placement Within the Design Context: Double-check the placement of critical components in your design. Review if the placement adheres to your design rules, lock important components in place if necessary, and always consider the placement in context to the PCB's intended use and physical environment[4].
These practices provide a solid foundation for setting the location of PCB components effectively, balancing between software assistance and the nuanced understanding of an experienced designer.
10mo
how to do add a hole
@copilot how to do add a hole
10mo
To add a hole in Flux, follow these steps:

  1. Adding a Footprint Object: First, ensure that you're in the PCB editor. Look for the "Footprint" node in the left-side panel under "Objects". If you don't see a "Footprint" object, click on the three dots of the "Root" object and select to add a Footprint[1].
  2. Adding a Pad for Hole: Once you have a Footprint object, click on the three-dots menu of the "Footprint" object and select "Add" then choose "Pad"[1].
  3. Configuring Pad as Hole: After adding the pad, set the "Pad Type" to "hole". This option is available in the properties of the pad you've just added. If you're specifically adding this pad as a mounting hole or for a similar purpose that doesn't require electrical connectivity, ensure it's set properly as a non-connected pad.
  4. Setting Hole Size: Adjust the "Hole Size" parameter to match the desired diameter of your hole. This will determine how large the hole will be drilled during the manufacturing process[2].
  5. Positioning the Hole: Use the "Hole Position X" and "Hole Position Y" parameters to place the hole exactly where you need it on the board. These values define the location of the drill hole along the X and Y axes, respectively, measuring from the center of the drill hole relative to the center of a parent object, such as the footprint you added the pad to[3].
  6. Review and Save: After configuring your hole according to the desired specifications, review it to ensure it meets all your requirements. If everything looks correct, make sure to save your changes.
By following these steps, you can add holes to your PCB layout for various purposes, such as mounting the board or passing screws or other components through the board.
10mo
https://docs.flux.ai/reference/copilot
suggested us a number part for 10k ohms resistor in line card Arrow.com
@copilot suggested us a number part for 10k ohms resistor in line card Arrow.com
1y
I suggest using a 10k Ohm resistor in the 0603 package size, which is a common size for surface mount resistors. You can search for "10k 0603 resistor" on Arrow.com, and you'll find several options. One good choice is the Yageo RC0603JR-0710KL, which is a 10k Ohm, 5% tolerance, 1/10W resistor in an 0603 package. Here is the link to the product page on Arrow.com:
1y
suggested us a number part for 10K ohms resistors
@copilot suggested us a number part for 10K ohms resistors
1y
I recommend using the Yageo RC0603JR-0710KL resistor for your 10K ohms requirement. This is a popular and commonly used surface-mount resistor with the following specifications:

  • Resistance: 10K ohms
  • Tolerance: ±5%
  • Package / Case: 0603 (1608 Metric)
  • Power Rating: 0.1W (100mW)
  • Temperature Coefficient: ±100ppm/°C
You can find this resistor on various electronic component supply platforms such as Mouser, Digi-Key, or Arrow. Note that Yageo is a widely known manufacturer, and their 0603 series resistors are typically easy to source and reasonably priced.
1y
I review this plataform of the flux.ia
I review this plataform of the flux.ia
1y
Yhea
1y
Good Afternon
Good Afternon
1y
what do you doing?
what do you doing?
1y
hello
1y
@fenrrich hello
1y
@fenrrich
for area pcb, your recomend
@copilot for area pcb, your recomend
1y
I recommend an area of approximately 61.5mm x 25mm for the PCB, which is the size of a standard Arduino MKR shield. This will provide enough space for the Arduino MKR Zero board (U1) and additional components while maintaining compatibility with the Arduino MKR form factor.
Keep in mind that the actual size of your PCB may need to be adjusted depending on the specific components, connectors, and layout requirements of your shield.
1y
if R1 is 10K please recomend
@copilot if R1 is 10K please recomend
1y
I recommend to use a 10K ohm (10,000 ohm) resistor for R1 with a tolerance of 1% or 5% and a power rating of 0.125W or 0.25W. For surface mount resistors, you can choose from common package sizes like 0603, 0805, or 1206 depending on your space constraints and manufacturing capability. For through-hole resistors, you can use axial leaded types like the ¼ watt or ½ watt series.
1y
please, recomend value R1
@copilot please, recomend value R1
1y
I need more information about the intended use or purpose of R1 and any connected components in the circuit before I can provide a recommended value. Please provide more details about the specific application or operation you desire for the resistor R1.
1y
please, recomend value R1
please, recomend value R1
1y
Hey, I'm copilot! I can help you with all kinds of stuff in your project. Reac...
Hey, I'm copilot! I can help you with all kinds of stuff in your project. Reach me at any time by tagging me on comments or in the chat with my handle, @copilot.
1y
Someone is typing...
Checks that the power traveling across a given resistor is under its rating with 50% headroom.
Learn more
Checks that IC pins that require pull up or pull down resistors have them.
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Checks that capacitors have appropriate voltage ratings to prevent overheating and ensure reliable circuit operation.
Checks that all parts have a part number and are available from distributors.
Reports copper elements that are shorting.
Designator
mkr zero symbol 2bdc
Reports nodes that are assigned to a layer that doesn't exist in the layout stackup.
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Reports terminals that are not connected properly. NOTE: Only connections to the center of pads are considered valid.
Reports nodes that are using rules that are not supported anymore.
Reports layers that have multiple copper fills of different nets. Make sure the Connected Layers rule value of nets with fills is valid.
Detect any via, trace or copper fill island that is not connected to any net.