copilot

1. Use J-K Flip-Flops: They will be used to create the state machine that controls the traffic lights for two lanes and the pedestrian crossing.
2. Create a Clock: This will provide the base timing unit. The clock frequency should allow us to establish the desired intervals, e.g., 5 sec, 25 sec, 30 sec.
3. Design the State Machine: Create states for each of the traffic light conditions.
4. Set Transition Logic: Determine how to move from one state to the next based on the clock input.

• Clock Divider: We need to divide the clock signal to achieve the timing requirements, e.g., 5 sec, 25 sec, 30 sec. This may require additional counter circuits.
• Synchronization: Ensure that lane lights and pedestrian lights are synchronized correctly.
• Flip-Flop Connections: Each state transition can be controlled by J-K flip-flop configuration (J, K inputs and clock signal connections).

derjunge

copilot

1. Divide the Main Clock: If you have a clock frequency, you can use flip-flops to divide the frequency to get specific time intervals. For example, if your clock is running at 1 Hz, you can use counters to divide it further to achieve 30-second, 25-second, and 5-second intervals.
2. Use Binary Counters: A simple way to divide the clock is with a binary counter, which consists of J-K flip-flops connected in series. A binary counter will divide the frequency of the input clock by powers of 2.
3. Determine Division Requirements:

   • You will need one counter for each timing interval: 5 sec, 25 sec, and 30 sec.
   • Ensure synchronization so all lights transition appropriately.

• 5-Second Interval: Count up to 5 with a low-frequency clock signal (e.g., 1 Hz).
• 25-Second Interval: Count up to 25 using the J-K flip-flops.
• 30-Second Interval: Count up to 30 using the J-K flip-flops.

1. Connect J-K Flip-Flops in a series to create a counter. Each flip-flop will divide the frequency by 2.
2. Calculate the Number of Flip-Flops needed to get the desired division.
3. Reset the counter at the appropriate counts to get the correct timing interval.

• 5-second Counter: You don’t need division since the clock provides 1-second ticks. Initiate a counting reset after 5 pulses.
• 25-second Counter: Use a series of flip-flops configured to count up to 25 before resetting.

• Counter Configuration for J-K flip-flops:

  • Connect Q of each flip-flop to the clock input of the next flip-flop.
  • Set both J and K inputs to high (1) to toggle state.

• Use five flip-flops and logic gates to create logic to reset the counter after 25 ticks (which is $11001$ in binary).